National foreword
Committees responsible
Methods
0 Introduction
1 Scope and field of application
2 References
3 Definitions
4 Principles
5 Selection of sampling point (including stream
conditioning)
6 Profile testing
7 Sampling probe design
8 Sampler design and installation
9 Control equipment
10 Flow measurement
11 Sample receivers and containers
12 Sample handling
13 Safety precautions
14 Operating procedures
15 Proving the sampling system
16 Estimation of overall sampling system uncertainty
17 Bibliography
Annexes
A Estimating water-in-oil dispersion
B Example of water concentration profile tests at a
crude oil terminal
C Guide for initial screening of potential sampling
locations
Tables
1 Recommended sampler characteristics for crude oil
and refined products
2 Typical operating parameters for intermittent
fixed-grab-volume samplers
3 Typical sampler maintenance and performance report
for an intermittent grab sampler
4 Sampling test ratings for injected water
concentrations of 1 % and above
5 Symbols
6 Suggested resistance coefficients
7 Values of beta for bends
8 Expected concentration ratio
9 Acceptability of profile
10 Water concentration profile test at a crude oil
terminal
11 Suggested minimum flow rates versus mixing elements
Figures
1 Initial or periodic validation of a sampling system
2 Graphical representation of concentration profiles
in a horizontal pipe
3 Location of sampling point
4 Multipoint probe for profile sampling
5 Arrangement of multipoint probe in horizontal
pipeline for 300 mm diameter pipelines or larger
6 Typical timing diagram for sampler system testing
7 Bar graph presentation of automatic profile test at
three locations
8 Results from profile tests (typical profiles)
9 Typical sampling systems
10 Energy rate and drop size
11 Settling rate
12 Turbulence (diffusivity)
13 Water concentration profile test at a crude oil
terminal