• IEEE C57.12.00-2015

    Superseded A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

    IEEE Standard for General Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers

    Available format(s): 

    Superseded date:  27-01-2022

    Language(s): 

    Published date:  12-05-2016

    Publisher:  Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    1 Overview
    2 Normative references
    3 Definitions
    4 Service conditions
    5 Rating data
    6 Construction
    7 Short-circuit characteristics
    8 Testing and calculations
    9 Tolerances
    10 Connection of transformers for shipment
    Annex A (informative) - Cooling class designations
    Annex B (informative) - Front-of-wave test levels
    Annex C (informative) - Reference load sound power
            levels
    Annex D (informative) - Bibliography

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    This standard describes electrical and mechanical requirements of liquid-immersed distribution and power transformers, and auto-transformers and regulating transformers, single-phase and polyphase, with voltages of 601 V or higher in the highest voltage winding.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Committee Transformers
    Development Note Supersedes IEEE DRAFT C57.12.00. (08/2000)
    Document Type Standard
    Product Note Supersedes IEEE DRAFT C57.12.00. (EJB 08/2000)
    Publisher Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers
    Status Superseded
    Superseded By
    Supersedes

    Standards Referenced By This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    IEEE C57.12.10-2010 REDLINE IEEE Standard Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Power Transformers
    IEEE 141 : 1993 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electric Power Distribution for Industrial Plants
    18/30338601 DC : 0 HD 60364-8-1 ED 2.0 - LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS - PART 8-1: ENERGY EFFICIENCY
    IEEE C57.12.10-2010 TRANSFORMERS - 230 KV AND BELOW 833/958 THROUGH 8333/10 417 KVA, SINGLE-PHASE, AND 750/862 THROUGH 60 000/80 000/100 000 KVA, THREE-PHASE WITHOUT LOAD TAP CHANGING; AND 3750/4687 THROUGH 60 000/80 000/100 000 KVA WITH LOAD TAP CHANGING - SAFETY REQUIREMENT
    IEEE 487.3-2014 IEEE Standard for the Electrical Protection of Communication Facilities Serving Electric Supply Locations Through the Use of Hybrid Facilities
    IEEE C57.12.70-2011 IEEE Standard for Standard Terminal Markings and Connections for Distribution and Power Transformers
    IEEE C57.21 : 2008 REQUIREMENTS, TERMINOLOGY, AND TEST CODE FOR SHUNT REACTORS RATED OVER 500 KVA
    CEI 14-43 : 2011 GUIDE FOR THE APPLICATION, SPECIFICATION, AND TESTING OF PHASE-SHIFTING TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE DRAFT C57.19.01 : D7 MAY 99 DRAFT STANDARD PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS AND DIMENSIONS FOR OUTDOOR POWER APPARATUS BUSHINGS
    IEEE DRAFT C57.12.40 : D4 2006 SECONDARY NETWORK TRANSFORMERS, SUBWAY AND VAULT TYPES (LIQUID IMMERSED)
    IEEE 1313-1993 IEEE Standard for Power Systems - Insulation Coordination
    IEEE C57.12.11-1980 IEEE Guide for Installation of Oil-Immersed Transformers (10 MVA and Larger, 69-287 kV Rating)
    UFC 3-501-01 : 2015 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    IEEE DRAFT C62.22 : D8 2005 GUIDE FOR THE APPLICATION OF METAL-OXIDE SURGE ARRESTERS FOR ALTERNATING-CURRENT SYSTEMS
    ANSI C92.1 : 1982 POWER SYSTEMS - INSULATION COORDINATION
    IEEE DRAFT C57.131 : D9 JUN 94 STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR LOAD TAP CHANGERS
    IEEE C57.154-2012 IEEE Standard for the Design, Testing, and Application of Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers Using High-Temperature Insulation Systems and Operating at Elevated Temperatures
    IEEE C57.32-2015 IEEE Standard for Requirements, Terminology, and Test Procedures for Neutral Grounding Devices
    IEEE DRAFT C57.12.36 : D10 2006 REQUIREMENTS FOR LIQUID-IMMERSED DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE C57.123-2010 REDLINE IEEE Guide for Transformer Loss Measurement
    I.S. EN 62271-212:2017 HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR - PART 212: COMPACT EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLY FOR DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION (CEADS)
    IEEE 693-2005 IEEE Recommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations
    IEEE DRAFT C57.12.21 : D12 MAY 92 DRAFT REQUIREMENTS FOR PAD-MOUNTED, COMPARTMENTAL-TYPE, SELF-COOLED, SINGLE-PHASE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS WITH HIGH VOLTAGE BUSHINGS; HIGH VOLTAGE, 34500 GRDY/19920 VOLTS AND BELOW; LOW VOLTAGE, 240/120 VOLTS; 16 KVA AND SMALLER
    IEEE DRAFT 62 : 200D8 GUIDE FOR DIAGNOSTIC FIELD TESTING OF ELECTRIC POWER APPARATUS
    S.R. HD 60364-8-1:2015 LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS - PART 8-1: ENERGY EFFICIENCY
    NFPA 70B : 2016 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
    IEEE DRAFT 1147 : D8 2005 GUIDE FOR THE REHABILITATION OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
    IEEE C57.12.20-2011 REDLINE IEEE Standard for Overhead-Type Distribution Transformers 500 kVA and Smaller: High Voltage, 34 500 V and Below; Low Voltage, 7970/13 800Y V and Below
    IEEE 421.4-2014 IEEE Guide for the Preparation of Excitation System Specifications
    IEEE C57.110-2008 REDLINE IEEE Recommended Practice for Establishing Liquid-Filled and Dry-Type Power and Distribution Transformer Capability When Supplying Nonsinusoidal Load Currents
    IEEE 1566-2015 REDLINE IEEE Standard for Performance of Adjustable-Speed AC Drives Rated 375 kW and Larger
    UNE-EN 62271-212:2017 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation (CEADS)
    EN 62271-212:2017 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation (CEADS)
    IEEE C57.21-2021 IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Shunt Reactors Rated Over 500 kVA
    IEEE C37.121-2020 REDLINE IEEE Guide for Switchgear--Unit Substation--Requirements
    IEEE 693-2018 REDLINE IEEE Recommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations
    TM 5-811-1 : V19950228 ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL - ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION
    IEEE DRAFT C57.110 : D7 FEB 98 DRAFT RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR ESTABLISHING TRANSFORMER CAPABILITY WHEN SUPPLYING NONSINUSOIDAL LOAD CURRENTS
    16/30336914 DC : 0 BS EN 60076-57-129 ED 1.0 - CONVERTOR TRANSFORMERS - PART 57-129: TRANSFORMERS FOR HVDC APPLICATIONS
    IEEE C57.98-2011 IEEE Guide for Transformer Impulse Tests
    CEI EN 60076-3 : 2015 POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 3: INSULATION LEVELS, DIELECTRIC TESTS AND EXTERNAL CLEARANCES IN AIR
    IEEE C57.19.01-2000 IEEE Standard Performance Characteristics and Dimensions for Outdoor Apparatus Bushings
    IEEE C57.12.38-2014 IEEE Standard for Pad-Mounted-Type, Self-Cooled, Single-Phase Distribution Transformers 250 kVA and Smaller: High Voltage, 34 500 GrdY/19 920 V and Below; Low Voltage, 480/240 V and Below
    IEEE C57.109-1993 IEEE Guide for Liquid-Immersed Transformers Through-Fault-Current Duration
    HD 60364-8-1:2015 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 8-1: Energy efficiency
    IEEE C57.148-2011 IEEE Standard for Control Cabinets for Power Transformers
    IEC TR 62001-1:2016 High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems - Guidance to the specification and design evaluation of AC filters - Part 1: Overview
    IEEE C57.19.100-2012 REDLINE IEEE Guide for Application of Power Apparatus Bushings
    IEEE C37.302-2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC
    IEEE DRAFT C57.130 : D17 2006 GUIDE FOR THE USE OF DISSOLVED GAS ANALYSIS DURING FACTORY TEMPERATURE RISE TESTS FOR THE EVALUATION OF OIL-IMMERSED TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS
    ANSI C57.12.25 : 1990 TRANSFORMERS - PAD-MOUNTED, COMPARTMENTAL-TYPE, SELF-COOLED, SINGLE-PHASE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS WITH SEPARABLE INSULATED HIGH-VOLTAGE CONNECTORS; HIGH VOLTAGE, 34 500 GRDY/19 920 VOLTS AND BELOW; LOW VOLTAGE, 240/120 VOLTS; 167 KVA AND SMALLER - REQUIREMENTS
    IEEE C57.12.37-2015 REDLINE IEEE Standard for the Electronic Reporting of Distribution Transformer Test Data
    IEEE DRAFT C57.93 : D13 2005 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE OF LIQUID-IMMERSED POWER TRANSFORMERS
    ANSI C57.12.24 : 2009 TRANSFORMERS - UNDERGROUND-TYPE THREE-PHASE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS, 2500 KVA AND SMALLER; HIGH VOLTAGE, 34 500 GRDY/19 920 VOLTS AND BELOW; LOW VOLTAGE, 480 VOLTS AND BELOW - REQUIREMENTS
    IEEE DRAFT C57.12.26 : 1992 PAD-MOUNTED, COMPARTMENTAL-TYPE, SELF-COOLED, THREE-PHASE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS FOR USE WITH SEPARABLE INSULATED HIGH-VOLTAGE CONNECTORS, 34 500 GRDY/19 920 V AND BELOW; 2500 KVA AND SMALLER
    IEEE DRAFT C57.12.44 : D2.1 2005 REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY NETWORK PROTECTORS
    15/30297998 DC : 0 BS EN 62271-212 ED 1.0 - HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR - PART 212: COMPACT EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLY FOR DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION (CEADS)
    IEEE C57.119-2018 REDLINE IEEE Recommended Practice for Performing Temperature Rise Tests on Liquid-Immersed Power Transformers at Loads Beyond Nameplate Ratings
    IEEE 421.3-2016 REDLINE IEEE Standard for High-Potential Test Requirements for Excitation Systems for Synchronous Machines
    IEEE/IEC 60076-57-1202-2016 IEC/IEEE International Standard Power transformers --Part 57-1202: Liquid immersed phase-shifting transformers
    IEEE/IEC 60076-57-129-2017 IEC/IEEE International Standard - Power transformers--Part 57-129: Transformers for HVDC applications
    IEEE C57.12.20-2017 IEEE Standard for Overhead-Type Distribution Transformers 500 kVA and Smaller; High Voltage, 34 500 V and Below; Low Voltage, 7970/13 800Y V and Below
    IEEE/IEC 60076-16-2018 IEC/IEEE International Standard - Power transformers - Part 16: Transformers for wind turbine applications
    IEEE C57.109-2018 REDLINE IEEE Guide for Liquid-Immersed Transformers Through-Fault-Current Duration
    IEEE C57.93-2019 IEEE Guide for Installation and Maintenance of Liquid-Immersed Power Transformers
    IEEE/IEC 60214-2-2019 IEEE/IEC International Standard for TAP-changers --Part 2: Application guidelines
    IEEE C57.12.70-2020 REDLINE IEEE Standard for Standard Terminal Markings and Connections for Distribution and Power Transformers
    ANSI C57.12.27 : 1982 LIQUID-FILLED DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS USED IN PAD-MOUNTED INSTALLATIONS INCLUDING UNIT SUBSTATIONS CONFORMANCE STANDARD FOR,
    NEMA TP 2-2005 STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR MEASURING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
    ANSI C57.12.13 : 1982 LIQUID-FILLED TRANSFORMERS USED IN UNIT INSTALLATIONS INCLUDING UNIT SUBSTATIONS, CONFORMANCE STANDARD FOR
    NEMA TR1 : 2013 TRANSFORMERS, STEP VOLTAGE REGULATORS AND REACTORS
    EEE 602 : 2007 ELECTRIC SYSTEMS IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES
    IEEE DRAFT C57.12.23 : 1992 TRANSFORMERS - UNDERGROUND-TYPE, SELF-COOLED, SINGLE-PHASE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS WITH SEPARABLE, INSULATED, HIGH-VOLTAGE CONNECTORS; HIGH VOLTAGE (24 940 GRDY/14 400 V AND BELOW) AND LOW VOLTAGE (240/120 V, 167 KVA AND SMALLER)
    IEEE C57.15-2009 REDLINE IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Step-Voltage Regulators
    IEEE C57.131-2012 IEEE Standard Requirements for Tap Changers
    PD IEC/TR 62001-1:2016 High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. Guidance to the specification and design evaluation of AC filters Overview
    UFC 3-550-01 : CHANGE 1 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA - EXTERIOR ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION
    IEEE C57.100-2011 IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Thermal Evaluation of Insulation Systems for Liquid-Immersed Distribution and Power Transformers
    IEEE DRAFT 1276 : D6.0 DEC 96 DRAFT TRIAL USE GUIDE FOR THE APPLICATION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION MATERIALS IN LIQUID-IMMERSED POWER TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE 1276-1997 IEEE Guide for the Application of High-Temperature Insulation Materials in Liquid-Immersed Power Transformers
    IEEE C57.116-2014 IEEE Guide for Transformers Directly Connected to Generators
    I.S. EN 60076-1:2011 POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 1: GENERAL (IEC 60076-1:2011)
    UNE-HD 60364-8-1:2015 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 8-1: Energy efficiency
    IEEE C57.12.39-2017 IEEE Standard for Requirements for Distribution Transformer Tank Pressure Coordination
    IEEE DRAFT C37.91 : D7.0 2006 PROTECTING POWER TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE 421.3-1997 IEEE Standard for High-Potential Test Requirements for Excitation Systems for Synchronous Machines
    CSA C802.3 : 2015 MINIMUM EFFICIENCY VALUES FOR POWER TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE C57.12.24-2009 IEEE Standard for Submersible, Three-Phase Transformers, 3750 kVA and Smaller: High Voltage, 34 500 GrdY/19 920 Volts and Below; Low Voltage, 600 Volts and Below
    IEEE 638-2013 IEEE Standard for Qualification of Class 1E Transformers for Nuclear Power Generating Stations
    IEEE DRAFT C57.18.10 : D12 APR 97 DRAFT PRACTICES AND REQUIREMENTS FOR SEMICONDUCTOR POWER RECTIFIER TRANSFORMER
    ANSI C57.12.40 : 2011 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR SECONDARY NETWORK TRANSFORMERS - SUBWAY AND VAULT TYPES (LIQUID IMMERSED) - REQUIREMENTS
    CSA C802.1 : 2013 MINIMUM EFFICIENCY VALUES FOR LIQUID-FILLED DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
    IEC/IEEE 60076-57-129:2017 Power transformers - Part 57-129: Transformers for HVDC applications
    PD IEC/TR 62001:2009 High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. Guidebook to the specification and design evaluation of A.C. filters
    IEEE C57.12.23-2009 IEEE Standard for Submersible Single-Phase Transformers: 167 kVA and Smaller; High Voltage 25 000 V and Below; Low Voltage 600 V and Below
    IEC TR 62001:2009 High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems - Guidebook to the specification and design evaluation of A.C. filters
    IEEE C57.12.35-2013 IEEE Standard Bar Coding for Distribution Transformers and Step-Voltage Regulators
    IEEE C57.17-2012 IEEE Standard Requirements for Arc Furnace Transformers
    BS IEC 60076-21:2011 Power transformers Standard requirements, terminology, and test code for step-voltage regulators
    IEEE C57.12.36-2007 IEEE Standard Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution Substation Transformers
    API 540 : 1999 : R2006 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS IN PETROLEUM PROCESSING PLANTS
    IEC 62032:2012 Guide for the Application, Specification and Testing of Phase-Shifting Transformers
    IEC 60076-3:2013+AMD1:2018 CSV POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 3: INSULATION LEVELS, DIELECTRIC TESTS AND EXTERNAL CLEARANCES IN AIR
    IEEE 242-2001 IEEE Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems (IEEE Buff Book)
    IEEE 1547.2 : 2008 APPLICATION GUIDE FOR IEEE STD 1547[TM], IEEE STANDARD FOR INTERCONNECTING DISTRIBUTED RESOURCES WITH ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS
    IEEE 1818-2017 IEEE Guide for the Design of Low-Voltage Auxiliary Systems for Electric Power Substations
    IEEE 3001.5-2013 IEEE Recommended Practice for the Application of Power Distribution Apparatus in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
    IEEE 1531-2003 IEEE Guide for Application and Specification of Harmonic Filters
    IEEE C57.158-2017 IEEE Guide for the Application of Tertiary and Stabilizing Windings in Power Transformers
    IEEE DRAFT 1313.2 : D6 DEC 98 DRAFT GUIDE FOR THE APPLICATION OF INSULATED COORDINATION
    IEEE 487.2-2013 IEEE Standard for the Electrical Protection of Communication Facilities Serving Electric Supply Locations through the Use of Optical Fiber Systems
    BS EN 60076-1:2011 Power transformers General
    I.S. EN 60076-3:2013 POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 3: INSULATION LEVELS, DIELECTRIC TESTS AND EXTERNAL CLEARANCES IN AIR
    IEEE C57.12.44-2014 IEEE Standard Requirements for Secondary Network Protectors
    IEEE C57.92-1981 IEEE Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed Power Transformers Up to and Including 100 MVA with 55 C or 65 C Average Winding Rise
    IEEE C57.140-2006 IEEE Guide for Evaluation and reconditioning of Liquid Immersed Power Transformers
    C22.2 NO. 213-17 Nonincendive electrical equipment for use in Class I and II, Division 2 and Class III, Divisions 1 and 2 hazardous (classified) locations (Binational standard with UL 121201)
    IEEE C57.159-2016 IEEE Guide on Transformers for Application in Distributed Photovoltaic (DPV) Power Generation Systems
    IEEE 45.1-2017 IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard--Design
    CSA C22.2 No. 60065 : 2016 AUDIO, VIDEO AND SIMILAR ELECTRONIC APPARATUS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
    IEEE C57.125-2015 IEEE Guide for Failure Investigation, Documentation, Analysis, and Reporting for Power Transformers and Shunt Reactors
    IEEE 295 : 1969 STANDARD FOR ELECTRONIC POWER TRANSFORMERS
    IEEE C57.91-2011 REDLINE IEEE Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed Transformers and Step-Voltage Regulators
    IEEE 62-1995 IEEE Guide for Diagnostic Field Testing of Electric Power Apparatus - Part 1: Oil Filled Power Transformers, Regulators, and Reactors
    IEEE C37.91-2008 REDLINE IEEE Guide for Protecting Power Transformers
    IEEE 421B-1979 IEEE Standard for High-Potential-Test Requirements for Excitation Systems for Synchronous Machines
    IEEE C37.121-2012 GUIDE FOR SWITCHGEAR - UNIT SUBSTATION - REQUIREMENTS
    IEEE C57.12.40-2011 IEEE Standard for Network, Three-Phase Transformers, 2500 kVA and Smaller; High Voltage, 34 500 GrdY/19 920 and Below; Low Voltage, 600 V and Below; Subway and Vault Types (Liquid Immersed)
    IEEE C57.136 : 2000 IEEE GUIDE FOR SOUND LEVEL ABATEMENT AND DETERMINATION FOR LIQUID-IMMERSED POWER TRANSFORMERS AND SHUNT REACTORS RATED OVER 500 KVA
    IEEE C57.12.34-2015 REDLINE IEEE Standard Requirements for Pad-Mounted, Compartmental-Type, Self-Cooled, Three-Phase Distribution Transformers, 10 MVA and Smaller; High-Voltage, 34.5 kV Nominal System Voltage and Below; Low-Voltage, 15 kV Nominal System Voltage and Below
    CEI EN 60076-1 : 2015 POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 1: GENERAL
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    IEEE DRAFT 693 : D9 2004 SEISMIC DESIGN OF SUBSTATIONS
    API 540:1999 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS IN PETROLEUM PROCESSING PLANTS
    IEC 60076-21:2011 Power transformers - Part 21: Standard requirements, terminology, and test code for step-voltage regulators
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    IEEE DRAFT C57.12.90 : D5.1 98 DRAFT STANDARD TEST CODE FOR LIQUID-IMMERSED DISTRIBUTION, POWER, AND REGULATING TRANSFORMERS
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    IEEE DRAFT C57.12.22 : D4 JUL 93 PAD-MOUNTED, COMPARTMENTAL-TYPE, SELF COOLED THREE PHASE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS WITH HIGH-VOLTAGE BUSHINGS, 2500 KVA AND SMALLER: HIGH VOLTAGE, 34 500 GRDY/19 920 VOLTS AND BELOW; LOW VOLTAGE, 480 VOLTS AND BELOW
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