API 4498 : 1989

Notice
Abstract
Executive summary
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Objective
1.2 Background
2.0 Methodology
2.1 Overview of data collection methodology
2.2 Selection of service stations
2.3 Determination of fuel wetted area/volume
       relationship
2.4 Training of data collection team members
2.5 Development of the data collection procedures and
       forms
2.6 Data collection
2.7 Determination of observer estimation error
2.8 Data analysis procedures
3.0 Results
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Summary of data populations
3.2.1 Statistical analysis of total data populations
3.3 Analysis of data by type of drip/spill
3.3.1 Statistical analysis of data by type of drip/
       spill
3.4 Effect of refuelling or vehicle characteristics
       on drip/spills
4.0 References
Appendix A Determination of gasoline drip/spill wetted
            area/volume relationship
Appendix B Data collection procedure
Appendix C Refueling observation descriptive statistics
Appendix D Tables of drip/spill amounts by drip/spill
            type
Appendix E Tables of T-test results
Tables
2-1 Service station nomination guidelines
2-2 Summary of requested service station nominations
3-1 Summary of refueling observation populations
3-2 Percentage distribution of total refueling
     observations
3-3 Drip/spill frequency chi-square test results
3-4 Average drip/spill amount T-test results for the
     total populations of Stage II and conventional
     stations
3-5 Average release in grams per refueling event for
     different refueling characteristics
3-6 Summary of drip/spill observations
3-7 Spill frequency chi-square test results
3-8 Average drip/spill amount T-test results
3-9 Statistically significant differences in types of
     fuel drips/spills
E-1 T-test results comparing the amount of gasoline
     dripped/spilled between Stage II and conventional
     stations
E-2 T-test results comparing the amount of gasoline
     dripped/spilled between Stage II and conventional
     stations
Figures
2-1 Flow chart of data collection activities
2-2 Service station profile no.1 data collection form
2-3 Station calibration form
2-4 Station equipment check form
2-5 Refueling observation data form
3-1 Drip area representation
3-2 Cumulative percentage observations by amount
      released
3-3 Cumulative percentage fuel releases by amount
      released
3-4 Distribution of refuelings as a function of amount
      of fuel released
3-5 Stage II fuel dispensed distribution
3-6 Conventional fuel dispensed distribution
3-7 Stage II cumulative percentage of fuel dripped/
      spilled for top-off and non-top-off
3-8 Conventional cumulative distribution of fuel
      dripped/spilled for top-off and non-top-off
3-9 Distribution of overflow drip/spill occurrences
3-10 Distribution of spitback drip/spill occurrences
3-11 Distribution of before dispensing drip/spill
      occurrences
3-12 Distribution of during dispensing drip/spill
      occurrences
3-13 Distribution of after dispensing drip/spill
      occurrences
A-1 Regression of gasoline drip/spill wetted area vs.
      volume

Gives methods to detect liquid gasoline release to environment during vehicle refueling at service stations.