AS 2162.2-1998

1 - AS 2162.2-1998 VERIFICATION AND USE OF VOLUMETRIC APPARATUS - GUIDE TO THE USE OF PISTON-OPERATED VOLUMETRIC APPARATUS (POVA)
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
6 - FOREWORD
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
7 - 1.3 DEFINITIONS
7 - 1.3.1 Accuracy of measurement
7 - 1.3.2 Adjustable POVA
8 - 1.3.3 Air displacement
8 - 1.3.4 Calibration
8 - 1.3.5 Dead volume
8 - 1.3.6 Diluter
8 - 1.3.7 Dispenser
8 - 1.3.8 Displacement burette
8 - 1.3.9 Disposable
8 - 1.3.10 Durability
8 - 1.3.11 Forward mode
8 - 1.3.12 Measurand
8 - 1.3.13 Pipetter
8 - 1.3.14 Piston device
8 - 1.3.15 Piston-operated volumetric apparatus, POVA
8 - 1.3.16 Positive displacement
8 - 1.3.17 Precision
8 - 1.3.18 Pre-rinsing
9 - 1.3.19 Reference temperature
9 - 1.3.20 Repeatability
9 - 1.3.21 Repeatability conditions
9 - 1.3.22 Re-useable
9 - 1.3.23 Reverse mode
9 - 1.3.24 Sample carry over
9 - 1.3.25 Unit of volume
9 - 1.3.26 Verification
9 - 1.3.27 Working range
9 - 1.4 GENERAL MATTERS
9 - 1.4.1 Volume
9 - 1.4.2 Selection of a POVA
9 - 1.4.3 Performance validation
9 - 1.5 SAFETY
10 - SECTION 2 CONSTRUCTION
10 - 2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
10 - 2.2 MATERIALS
10 - 2.2.1 Chemical resistance
10 - 2.2.2 Stability
10 - 2.2.3 Lubricants
10 - 2.3 DESIGN
10 - 2.3.1 Liquid displacement
11 - 2.3.2 Mode of operation
11 - 2.3.3 Reservoir
11 - 2.3.4 Delivery
11 - 2.3.5 Disposable tips
11 - 2.4 GRADUATION AND NUMBERING OF VARIABLE VOLUME POVA
11 - 2.4.1 Legibility
11 - 2.4.2 Numbering of lines
12 - SECTION 3 OPERATING PRINCIPLES
12 - 3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
12 - 3.2 PIPETTES
12 - 3.2.1 General
12 - 3.2.2 Method of use
13 - 3.3 DISPENSERS
14 - 3.4 DILUTERS
15 - 3.5 DISPLACEMENT BURETTES
16 - SECTION 4 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE
16 - 4.1 SCOPE
16 - 4.2 EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS AND ENVIRONMENT
16 - 4.2.1 Balance
16 - 4.2.2 Weighing vessels
18 - 4.3 AMBIENT CONDITIONS
18 - 4.4 CALIBRATION TEST
18 - 4.4.1 General
18 - 4.4.2 Pipetters
19 - 4.4.3 Dispensers
20 - 4.4.4 Number of replicate tests
20 - 4.4.5 Diluters
20 - 4.4.6 Displacement burettes
20 - 4.5 CALCULATIONS
20 - 4.5.1 General
20 - 4.5.2 Individual weighings
20 - 4.5.3 Evaporation
20 - 4.5.4 Test temperature
20 - 4.5.5 Mean weighing result
20 - 4.5.6 Mean volume
22 - 4.6 PERFORMANCE STATISTICS
22 - 4.6.1 Standard deviation
22 - 4.6.2 Coefficient of variation
22 - 4.6.3 Confidence interval
23 - 4.7 CALIBRATION REPORT
25 - SECTION 5 VERIFICATION PROCEDURE
25 - 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
25 - 5.2 FUNCTIONAL TESTS
25 - 5.3 FREQUENCY OF TESTING
25 - 5.4 VERIFICATION TEST
25 - 5.4.1 Principle
25 - 5.4.2 Test procedure
25 - 5.4.3 Replicate test
25 - 5.4.4 Single-use test for disposable tips
26 - 5.4.5 Adjustable volume POVA
26 - 5.4.6 Performance tolerances
26 - 5.4.7 Performance testing
26 - 5.4.8 Effects of different liquids
27 - APPENDIX A - VOLUMETRIC ERRORS IN THE DELIVERY OF SMALL VOLUMES OF LIQUIDS
27 - A1 GENERAL
27 - A2 METHOD

Sets out methods of testing and guidelines for the operation of piston-operated volumetric apparatus (POVA) to improve accuracy and repeatability in delivering measured volumes of liquids in analytical procedures. Volumetric errors in delivery of small volumes of liquids other than water are covered in an appendix.

This Standard provides guidelines for the design and construction of piston-operated volumetric apparatus (POVA) used in laboratories for dispensing precise volumes of liquid. Methods for the use, verification and calibration of these instruments are included. The following types are considered:(a) Pipetters.(b) Dispensers.(c) Diluters.(d) Displacement burettes.NOTES:1 The test requirements and the number of significant figures contained in the tables in this Standard relate to their use in the calibration procedures described in Section 4.2 When laboratories use this Standard to verify POVA as described in Section 5 such attention to detail may not be as critical.

First published as AS 4163-1994.
Revised and redesignated AS 2162.2-1998.