AS 2291-1979

1 - AS 2291-1979 METHODS FOR THE TENSILE TESTING OF METALS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
4 - PREFACE
4 - CONTENTS
5 - FOREWORD
5 - METHODS
5 - 1 SCOPE.
5 - 2 DEFINITIONS.
5 - 2.1 Test sample
5 - 2.2 Test specimen
5 - 2.3 Test piece
5 - 2.4 Gauge length
5 - 2.5 Strain
5 - 2.6 Extension
5 - 2.7 Elongation
5 - 2.8 Percentage reduction of area after fracture
5 - 2.9 Maximum force
6 - 2.10 Stress
6 - 2.11 Tensile strength
6 - 2.12 Proof stress.
6 - 2.13 Yield stress
6 - 2.14 Test temperature
6 - 3 SYMBOLS AND DESIGNATIONS.
6 - 4 TEST PIECES.
6 - 4.1 General.
6 - 4.2 Proportional Test Pieces.
6 - 4.3 Test Pieces for Wire, Rod and Bar.
7 - 4.4 Test Pieces of Full Product Thickness for Flat Products.
7 - 4.5 Test Pieces from Tube.
7 - 5 SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF TEST PIECES.
7 - 5.1 General.
7 - 5.2 Selection of Test Specimen from Test Sample.
7 - 5.3 Position of Test Pieces.
7 - 5.4 Preparation of Test Pieces.
10 - 6 CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA.
10 - 6.1 Accuracy of Measurement.
10 - 6.2 Unmachined Bar and Uniformly Parallel Sections.
10 - 6.3 Curved Test Piece.
11 - 7 ORIGINAL GAUGE LENGTH.
11 - 7.1 Proportional Test Piece.
11 - 7.2 Non-proportional Test Piece.
11 - 7.3 Extensometer Gauge Length.
11 - 7.4 Elongation.
11 - 8 METHOD OF GRIPPING.
11 - 8.1 General.
11 - 8.2 Free Length.
11 - 8.3 Thin Flat Test Pieces.
11 - 8.4 Wire.
11 - 8.5 Application of Force.
11 - 8.6 Test Pieces Cut Longitudinally from Tube.
11 - 9 ACCURACY OF TESTING EQUIPMENT.
11 - 9.1 Force Measurement.
11 - 9.2 Strain Measurement.
12 - 9.3 Temperature Measurement.
12 - 10 HEATING OF THE TEST PIECE.
12 - 10.1 Apparatus.
12 - 10.2 Measurement of Temperature.
12 - 10.3 Tolerance on Temperature.
12 - 10.4 Procedure.
12 - 11 STRAINING OF THE TEST PIECE.
12 - 11.1 General.
12 - 11.2 Straining Rate.
13 - 11.3 Recording of Extension.
13 - 12 DETERMINATION OF YIELD STRESSES.
13 - 12.1 Methods.
13 - 12.2 Alternative Values.
13 - 13 DETERMINATION OF PROOF STRESS.
13 - 13.1 General.
13 - 13.2 Proof Stress (Non-proportional Elongation)
13 - 13.3 Proof Stress (Total Elongation)
13 - 14 DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH
13 - 14.1 General.
13 - 14.2 Tensile Strength.
13 - 15 DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE ELONGATION AFTER FRACTURE.
13 - 15.1 General.
13 - 15.2 Use of Formula.
13 - 15.3 Validity of Results.
13 - 16 DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE REDUCTION OF AREA AFTER FRACTURE.
13 - 17 RECORD OF RESULTS.
14 - 18 REPORT.
15 - APPENDIX A - GUIDANCE ON HEATING AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
15 - A1 SCOPE.
15 - A2 AIR STABILITY.
15 - A3 EXTENSOMETERS.
15 - A4 THERMOCOUPLES.
15 - A5 HEATING AND SOAKING TIME.
16 - APPENDIX B - OBSERVATIONS ON FORCE/EXTENSION DIAGRAMS
18 - APPENDIX C - GUIDANCE ON THE DESIGN AND USE OF HEATING APPARATUS
19 - APPENDIX D - RECORD OF RESULTS
20 - APPENDIX E - GUIDANCE FOR PRODUCT STANDARDS DRAFTING COMMITTEES

Covers tensile testing of metals of rectangular or round form. It specifies the form and dimensions of standard test pieces and their preparation, and outlines procedures for determination of tensile properties such as upper and lower yield stresses at elevated temperatures, using specified rates of strain. Guidance is given in appendices on heating and measurement of temperature of the test piece and on the design and use of heating apparatus.

This standard sets out methods by which a test piece of metal is strained in uni-axial tension at elevated temperature in order to determine one or more of its tensile properties. It defines the properties to be determined and the terms used in describing tests and test pieces. It specifies the dimensions of standard test pieces, temperature requirements and methods of tensile testing.This standard does not specify the properties to be determined; these are stated in the product specification.