AS 2772.2-1988

1 - AS 2772.2-1988 RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION - PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT-300 kHz TO 100 GHz
4 - PREFACE
4 - CONTENTS
5 - FOREWORD
7 - 1 SCOPE.
7 - 2 APPLICATION.
7 - 3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.
7 - 4 DEFINITIONS.
7 - 4.1 Antenna field regions.
7 - 4.2 Bolometer
8 - 4.3 Far-field region
8 - 4.4 Gain (antenna)
8 - 4.5 Isotropic antenna
8 - 4.6 Multipath error
8 - 4.7 Multipath transmission (radio propagation)
8 - 4.8 Near-field region, radiating
8 - 4.9 Near-field region, reactive
8 - 4.10 Non-ionizing radiation
8 - 4.11 Polarization (radiated wave)
8 - 4.12 Power flux density
8 - 4.13 Response time
8 - 4.14 Scattering
8 - 4.15 Standing wave
8 - 5 NEAR-FIELD CONSIDERATIONS.
8 - 5.1 Characteristics.
8 - 5.2 Interference patterns.
9 - 5.3 Radiation leakage.
9 - 5.4 Reactive near field.
9 - 5.5 Other considerations.
9 - 5.6 Summary of measurement problems.
10 - 6 INSTRUMENTATION.
10 - 6.1 General.
10 - 6.2 Electrical performance characteristics.
10 - 6.2.1 Power supply.
10 - 6.2.2 Polarization.
10 - 6.2.3 Quantities and units.
11 - 6.2.4 Range.
11 - 6.3 Other characteristics.
11 - 6.4 Suggested physical characteristics.
11 - 6.5 Types of instrumentation.
11 - 6.6 Diode rectifier.
11 - 6.6.1 Diode detectors
12 - 6.6.2 Spurious responses of diode detectors.
12 - 6.7 Bolometric type.
12 - 6.8 Continuous film type.
12 - 6.9 Thermo couple type.
12 - 6.10 Calibration of instruments.
12 - 6.11 Spurious responses.
13 - 7 MEASUREMENT OF POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS FIELDS.
13 - 7.1 Source and propagation characteristics.
14 - 7.2 Estimate of expected field strength.
15 - 7.3 Determination of type of probe required.
15 - 7.4 Safety precautions.
15 - 7.4.1 General.
15 - 7.4.2 Hazards not directly associated with the survey.
16 - 7.4.3 Precautions in the survey process.
16 - 7.4.4 Leakage survey precautions.
16 - 7.5 Measurement procedures.
16 - 7.5.1 Far-field, single-source conditions.
17 - 7.5.2 Complex far-field sources.
17 - 7.5.3 Near fields.
18 - 7.5.4 Instrumentation usage considerations.
18 - 7.5.5 Scanning correction.
20 - APPENDIX A - CALIBRATION METHODS
20 - A1 FREE-SPACE STANDARD-FIELD METHOD.
20 - A1.1 General.
20 - A1.2 Experimental arrangement.
21 - A1.3 Principal sources of error.
21 - A1.4 Determination of effective gain (G)
24 - A2 GUIDED-WAVE METHODS.
24 - A2.1 Advantages and disadvantages.
24 - A2.2 Experimental arrangements.
25 - A2.3 Other types.
25 - A3 STANDARD-PROBE METHOD.
29 - APPENDIX B - CALCULATION OF ON-AXIS POWER FLUX DENSITY
29 - B1 SCOPE.
29 - B2 CALCULATION OF ON-AXIS POWER DENSITY.
30 - B2.1 Calculation of power density from large rectangular-aperture antennas in the radiating near field.
30 - B2.2 Calculation of power density from large circular-aperture antennas in the radiating near field.
35 - APPENDIX C - REFERENCES

Specifies techniques and instrumentation for the measurement of potentially hazardous electromagnetic fields in both near-field and far-field situations in the frequency range 300 kHz to 100 GHz. Measurements are made of one or more components of the field, either the electric field, E, or the magnetic field, H, or both, and then power flux density is calculated from the relationship given for E(sup)2(/sup) and H(sup)2(/sup). Methods suitable for calibration of the instrumentation and a method for calculation of power flux density are given in appendices.

This Standard specifies techniques and instrumentation for the measurement of potentially hazardous electromagnetic fields in both the near field and far field of electromagnetic sources, in the frequency range 300 kHz to 100 GHz.To ensure accuracy of measurement, techniques have been included to estimate or avoid multipath interference, caused by scattering or reflection of energy from other objects or surfaces. Also discussed are the spurious effects experienced with instrumentation for measurement.

Under Revision See DR 95901