AS 2897-1986

1 - AS 2897-1986 POWER CAPACITORS - SHUNT - RATED VOLTAGES ABOVE 660 VAC
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
6 - SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
6 - 1.1 SCOPE.
6 - 1.2 APPLICATION.
6 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.
6 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS.
6 - 1.4.1 Capacitor element (or element)
6 - 1.4.2 Capacitor unit (or unit)
6 - 1.4.3 Capacitor bank (or bank)
6 - 1.4.4 Standard capacitor unit (standard unit)
6 - 1.4.5 Test capacitor unit (test unit)
6 - 1.4.6 Capacitor installation
6 - 1.4.7 Discharge device of a capacitor
6 - 1.4.8 Internal fuse of a capacitor
6 - 1.4.9 Line terminals
6 - 1.4.10 Rated capacitance of a capacitor (CN )
7 - 1.4.11 Rated output of a capacitor (Q)
7 - 1.4.12 Rated voltage of a capacitor (UN )
7 - 1.4.13 Rated frequency of a capacitor (f)
7 - 1.4.14 Rated current of a capacitor (I)
7 - 1.4.15 Capacitor losses
7 - 1.4.16 Tangent of the loss angle (tan d) of a capacitor
7 - 1.4.17 Maximum permissible voltage of a capacitor
7 - 1.4.18 Maximum permissible current of a capacitor
7 - 1.4.19 Ambient air temperature
7 - 1.4.20 Cooling air temperature
7 - 1.4.21 Steady-state condition
7 - 1.4.22 Residual voltage
7 - 1.4.23 Highest voltage of a system
7 - 1.4.24 Highest voltage for equipment (U)
7 - 1.4.25 Insulation level (U)
7 - 1.4.26 Bank protection
7 - 1.4.27 Unbalance protection
7 - 1.5 SERVICE CONDITIONS.
7 - 1.5.1 Normal service conditions.
8 - 1.5.2 Abnormal service conditions.
9 - SECTION 2. TESTS AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
9 - 2.1 TEST REQUIREMENTS.
9 - 2.1.1. General.
9 - 2.1.2 Test conditions.
9 - 2.1.3 Container rupture.
9 - 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF ROUTINE, TYPE, SAMPLE AND SPECIAL TESTS.
9 - 2.2.1 Routine tests.
9 - 2.2.2 Type tests.
9 - 2.2.3 Sample tests.
9 - 2.2.4 Special tests.
9 - 2.3 DETAILS OF ROUTINE TESTS.
9 - 2.3.1 Capacitance measurements.
10 - 2.3.2 Capacitor loss tangent (tan d) routine test measurement
10 - 2.3.3 Voltage tests between terminals.
10 - 2.3.4 A.C. voltage routine test between terminals and container
11 - 2.3.5 Test of internal discharge device.
11 - 2.3.6 Sealing test.
11 - 2.3.7 Short-circuit discharge routine test.
11 - 2.4 DETAILS OF TYPE TESTS.
11 - 2.4.1 Thermal stability test.
12 - 2.4.2 Capacitor loss tangent (tan d) type test measured at elevated temperature
12 - 2.4.3 Lightning impulse voltage test between terminals and container.
12 - 2.4.4 Short-circuit discharge type test.
12 - 2.4.5 Tests on internal fuses.
12 - 2.4.6 A.C. voltage type test between terminals and container
13 - SECTION 3. INSULATION LEVELS
13 - 3.1 STANDARD VALUES.
13 - 3.2 INSULATION LEVELS OF CAPACITOR UNITS.
13 - 3.2.1 Units with containers connected to earth.
13 - 3.2.2 Units with containers insulated from earth.
13 - 3.3 CAPACITOR BANKS, STAR AND DELTA CONNECTED.
13 - 3.3.1 Insulation to earth (banks with isolated neutral)
13 - 3.3.2 Insulation across each phase of the capacitor bank
13 - 3.3.3 Phase-to-phase insulation of thecapacitor bank.
13 - 3.4 UNITS AND/OR BANKS CONNECTED TO SINGLE PHASES
15 - SECTION 4. OVERLOADS
15 - 4.1 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE VOLTAGE.
15 - 4.1.1 Long duration voltages.
15 - 4.1.2 Switching voltages.
15 - 4.1.3 Transient overvoltages and currents.
15 - 4.2 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CURRENT.
16 - SECTION 5. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
16 - 5.1 GENERAL.
16 - 5.2 DISCHARGE DEVICES.
16 - 5.3 CONTAINER CONNECTIONS.
16 - 5.4 PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT.
16 - 5.5 OTHER SAFETY REQUIREMENTS.
17 - SECTION 6. MARKINGS
17 - 6.1 MARKINGS OF THE UNIT.
17 - 6.1.1 Unit rating plate.
17 - 6.1.2 Standardized connection symbols.
17 - 6.1.3 Unit warning plate.
17 - 6.2 MARKINGS OF THE BANK.
17 - 6.2.1 Bank rating plate.
18 - 6.2.2 Bank warning plate.
19 - APPENDIX A - GUIDE FOR INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
19 - A1 GENERAL.
19 - A2 CHOICE OF RATED VOLTAGE.
19 - A3 OPERATING TEMPERATURE.
20 - A4 SPECIAL SERVICE CONDITIONS.
20 - A5 OVERLOAD CURRENTS.
21 - A6 TRANSIENT OVERVOLTAGES AND CURRENTS.
22 - A7 SWITCHING DEVICES.
22 - A8 LIGHTNING.
22 - A9 ROTATING MACHINES.
23 - A10 CAPACITOR PROTECTION.
23 - A11 CAPACITORS CONNECTED TO SYSTEMS WITH AUDIO-FREQUENCY REMOTE CONTROL
23 - A12 CHOICE OF INSULATION LEVELS.
23 - A13 RE-ENERGIZATION.
23 - A14 MAINTENANCE.
23 - A15 COMMISSIONING.
24 - APPENDIX B - FORMULAE FOR CAPACITORS AND INSTALLATIONS
24 - B1 COMPUTATION OF THE RATED CAPACITANCE OF A SINGLE-PHASE CAPACITOR FROM ITS OUTPUT.
24 - B2 COMPUTATION OF THE OUTPUT OF THREE-PHASE CAPACITORS FROM THREE SINGLE-PHASE CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENTS.
24 - B3 RESONANT FREQUENCY.
24 - B4 VOLTAGE INCREASE.
24 - B5 TRANSIENT INRUSH CURRENT.
25 - B6 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE IN SINGLE PHASE UNIT.
25 - B7 DISCHARGE TIME TO 10 PERCENT OF RATED VOLTAGE.
26 - APPENDIX C - ENDURANCE TESTING
26 - C1 SCOPE.
26 - C2 OBJECTIVE.
26 - C3 TEST UNIT DESIGN.
27 - C4 DESIGN IDENTIFICATION DOCUMENT.
27 - C5 ENDURANCE TEST APPROVAL CRITERIA.
27 - C6 ENDURANCE TESTS AND REQUIREMENTS.
31 - APPENDIX D - PARTIAL DISCHARGE TESTING OF POWER CAPACITORS
31 - D1 INTRODUCTION.
31 - D2 PARTIAL DISCHARGE TESTS.
31 - D3 TEST CIRCUITS.
33 - APPENDIX E - PERFORMANCE AND TEST REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERNAL FUSES
33 - E1 GENERAL.
33 - E2 OBJECTS.
34 - E3 TEST REQUIREMENTS.
36 - APPENDIX F - TEST REQUIREMENTS AND APPLICATION GUIDE FOR EXTERNAL FUSES AND UNITS TO BE EXTERNALLY FUSED
36 - F1 SCOPE.
36 - F2 APPLICATION.
36 - F3 ADDITIONAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS.
36 - F4 TESTS.
36 - F5 GUIDE FOR COORDINATION OF FUSE PROTECTION.
36 - F6 CHOICE OF FUSES.
37 - F7 INFORMATION NEEDED BY THE USER OF THE FUSES.
38 - APPENDIX G - ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR POWER FILTER CAPACITORS
38 - G1 GENERAL.
39 - APPENDIX H - EFFECT OF HARMONICS ON CAPACITOR LOADING
39 - H1 GENERAL.
39 - H2 CALCULATION OF REACTIVE POWER
40 - APPENDIX J - INFORMATION TO BE GIVEN WITH ENQUIRY AND ORDER
40 - J1 GENERAL.
40 - J2 ITEMS SUBJECT TO AGREEMENT BETWEEN PURCHASER AND MANUFACTURER.

Applies to capacitor units and assemblies with accessories to form complete capacitor banks, for connection to power systems of rated voltages above 660 V, at frequencies to 100 Hz, for use primarily for power factor correction. Characteristics and test requirements are enumerated in detail. Appendices give guidance on application, operation and protection.

This standard specifies general requirements for capacitor units and capacitor banks intended to be used in particular for power-factor correction of a.c. power systems having a rated voltage above 660 V and a rated frequency of 15 Hz to 60 Hz. The standard also covers capacitors intended for use in power filter circuits, system earthing and damping of transients.NOTES:1. In this standard, the word 'capacitor' is used when it is not necessary to lay particular stress upon the different meanings of the word, e.g. 'capacitor unit' or 'capacitor bank'.2. Additional requirements for capacitors to be protected by internal fuses, as well as requirements for the internal fuses, are given in Appendix E.3. Additional requirements for capacitors to be protected by external fuses, as well as requirements for the external fuses, are given in Appendix F.4. Additional definitions, requirements and tests for filter capacitors are given in Appendix G.The following capacitors are excluded from this standard:(a) Shunt capacitors for a.c. power systems of up to and including 660 V rated voltage.(b) Capacitors for induction heat-generating plants, operating at frequencies between 40 Hz and 24 000 Hz.(c) Series capacitors for power systems.(d) Capacitors for motor starting and running applications and the like.(e) Coupling capacitors and capacitor dividers.(f) Capacitors to be used in power electronics circuits.(g) Small a.c. capacitors to be used for fluorescent and discharge lamps.(h) Capacitors for suppression of radio interference.(j) Capacitors intended to be used in various types of electrical equipment and thus considered as components.(k) Capacitors intended to be used with d.c. voltage superimposed on an a.c. voltage.(l) High voltage capacitors composed of low-voltage capacitors of the self-healing metallized dielectric type.