AS 3778.3.7-2007

1 - AS 3778.3.7-2007 Measurement of water flow in open channels Part 3.7: Velocity-area methods - Measurement by ultrasonic (acoust
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - 1 Scope
7 - 2 Normative references
7 - 3 Terms and definitions
7 - 4 Applications
7 - 4.1 Open channels
8 - 4.2 Multiple channels
8 - 4.3 Closed conduits
9 - 5 Method of measurement
9 - 5.1 Discharge
9 - 5.2 Calculation of discharge from the transit-time measurement
9 - 6 Flow velocity determination by the ultrasonic (transit time) method
9 - 6.1 Principle
12 - 6.2 Sound propagation in water
16 - 7 Gauge configuration
16 - 7.1 General
17 - 7.2 Single-path systems
18 - 7.3 Multi-path systems
18 - 7.4 Crossed-path systems
20 - 7.5 Reflected-path systems
21 - 7.6 Systems using transponders
22 - 7.7 Systems using divided cross-sections
23 - 7.8 Sloping paths
23 - 8 Calculation of discharge
23 - 8.1 Single-path systems
23 - 8.2 Multi-path systems
27 - 8.3 Systems with transducers in the channel
27 - 9 System calibration
27 - 9.1 General
28 - 9.2 Single-path systems
30 - 10 Site selection
30 - 10.1 Practical constraints
31 - 10.2 Physical constraints of the measurement site
31 - 10.3 Physical constraints which are distant from the measurement site
32 - 11 Site survey - Before design and construction
32 - 11.1 General
32 - 11.2 Visual survey
33 - 11.3 Survey of the cross-section
33 - 11.4 Survey of velocity distribution
34 - 11.5 Survey of signal propagation
34 - 11.6 Other survey activities
34 - 12 Operational measurement requirements
34 - 12.1 General
35 - 12.2 Basic components of flow determination
35 - 12.3 Water velocity determination
35 - 12.4 Determination of water stage or depth
36 - 12.5 Channel width
36 - 13 Gauging station equipment
36 - 13.1 General
37 - 13.2 Design and construction of equipment
38 - 13.3 Reflectors
41 - 13.4 Civil engineering works
41 - 13.5 Signal timing and processing
43 - 13.6 System self-checking
44 - 13.7 Site-specific data (or site parameters)
44 - 13.8 Clock and calendar
44 - 13.9 System performance criteria
46 - 13.10 System output
46 - 13.11 Installation
47 - 13.12 Commissioning
47 - 13.13 Operating manual
47 - 13.14 Maintenance
49 - 14 Measurement uncertainties
49 - 14.1 General
49 - 14.2 Definition of uncertainty
50 - 14.3 Uncertainty in discharge
56 - Bibliography

This Standard is identical to and reproduced from ISO6416:2004, Hydrometry-Measurement of discharge by ultrasonic (acoustic) method.

Originated as AS 3778.3.7-1990.
Third edition 2007.