1 - AS 4482.1-1997 GUIDE TO THE SAMPLING AND INVESTIGATION OF POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED SOIL - NON-VOLATILE AND SEMI-VOLATILE...
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
7 - 1.3 DEFINITIONS
7 - 1.3.1 Composite sample
7 - 1.3.2 Confidence level
7 - 1.3.3 Contaminated
7 - 1.3.4 Contaminated site
8 - 1.3.5 Data quality objective (DQO)
8 - 1.3.6 Field quality control samples
8 - 1.3.7 Field quality assurance procedures
8 - 1.3.8 Hot spot
8 - 1.3.9 Investigation level
8 - 1.3.10 Preliminary site investigation
8 - 1.3.11 Remaining soil
8 - 1.3.12 Replicate sample
8 - 1.3.13 Risk
8 - 1.3.14 alpha risk
8 - 1.3.15 beta risk
8 - 1.3.16 Sampling pattern
8 - 1.3.17 Site characterization
8 - 1.3.18 Site investigation
9 - 1.3.19 Site validation
9 - 1.4 COMPOSITE SAMPLES
9 - 1.4.1 Composite sampling
9 - 1.4.2 Requirements for the use of composite samples
10 - SECTION 2 SITE INVESTIGATION PROCESS
11 - SECTION 3 PRELIMINARY SITE INVESTIGATION
11 - 3.1 GENERAL
11 - 3.2 PRELIMINARY STUDY
11 - 3.2.1 General
11 - 3.2.2 Information requirements
12 - 3.2.3 Sources of information
13 - 3.3 SITE INSPECTION
13 - 3.3.1 General procedure
13 - 3.3.2 Preliminary sampling
14 - 3.4 PRELIMINARY SITE INVESTIGATION REPORT
15 - SECTION 4 DETAILED SITE INVESTIGATION
15 - 4.1 GENERAL
15 - 4.2 PROCEDURE
15 - 4.3 DETAILED SITE INVESTIGATION REPORT
17 - SECTION 5 DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES
17 - 5.1 GENERAL
17 - 5.2 DQO PROCESS
19 - SECTION 6 DESIGN OF THE SOIL SAMPLING STRATEGY
19 - 6.1 GENERAL
19 - 6.2 SAMPLING OBJECTIVES
19 - 6.3 CONTAMINANT DISTRIBUTION
19 - 6.4 SAMPLING PATTERN SELECTION
19 - 6.4.1 General
20 - 6.4.2 Systematic sampling pattern
20 - 6.4.3 Stratified sampling pattern
20 - 6.4.4 Judgmental sampling pattern
20 - 6.5 UNCERTAINTY OF SAMPLING
20 - 6.6 SAMPLING PLAN FOR SITE CHARACTERIZATION
20 - 6.6.1 Sampling pattern for preliminary site investigation
21 - 6.6.2 Sampling pattern for detailed investigation
21 - 6.6.3 Depth of sampling
21 - 6.6.4 Number of samples
21 - 6.7 SAMPLING PLAN FOR SITE VALIDATION
21 - 6.7.1 Sampling pattern
21 - 6.7.2 Soil validation
22 - 6.7.3 Number of samples
24 - SECTION 7 SAMPLE COLLECTION
24 - 7.1 SCOPE
24 - 7.2 SAMPLING PROGRAM
24 - 7.2.1 Preparatory work off-site
24 - 7.2.2 Preparatory work on-site
24 - 7.2.3 Recording of the data
24 - 7.2.4 Coding procedure
24 - 7.2.5 Testing
25 - 7.3 SAMPLING
25 - 7.3.1 General
26 - 7.3.2 Background samples
26 - 7.3.3 Surface samples
26 - 7.3.4 Test pits
26 - 7.3.5 Boreholes
27 - 7.4 HANDLING, CONTAINMENT AND TRANSPORT OF SAMPLES
27 - 7.4.1 Field notebook
27 - 7.4.2 Sample handling
27 - 7.4.3 Chain-of-custody procedures
27 - 7.4.4 Sample preservation and storage
27 - 7.4.5 Occupational health and safety
28 - 7.5 DECONTAMINATION OF SAMPLING EQUIPMENT
28 - 7.5.1 General
29 - 7.5.2 Manual sampling equipment
29 - 7.5.3 Large sampling equipment e.g. backhoes
29 - 7.5.4 Effectiveness of decontamination procedure
29 - 7.5.5 Disposal of contaminated personal protective equipment
29 - 7.5.6 Procedure for the decontamination of manual sampling equipment
29 - 7.5.7 Decontamination procedure for large equipment
30 - 7.6 FIELD SAMPLING FORMS
31 - SECTION 8 QUALITY ASSURANCE
31 - 8.1 GENERAL
31 - 8.2 QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES
31 - 8.2.1 General
31 - 8.2.2 Blind replicate samples
31 - 8.2.3 Split samples
31 - 8.2.4 Rinsate blanks
31 - 8.2.5 Other quality control samples
31 - 8.2.6 Evaluation of quality control samples results
32 - 8.3 CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY
32 - 8.4 CALIBRATION OF FIELD INSTRUMENTS
33 - APPENDIX A - HEALTH AND SAFETY OF INVESTIGATORY PERSONNEL
33 - A1 GENERAL
33 - A2 NON-VOLATILE CHEMICALS
33 - A3 VOLATILE CHEMICALS
34 - A4 BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
34 - A5 RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
34 - A6 TOPOGRAPHY
34 - A7 MACHINERY
35 - APPENDIX B - GUIDELINES FOR THE COMPOSITE SAMPLING OF SOILS*
35 - B1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
35 - B2 METHODOLOGY FOR COMPOSITE SAMPLING
36 - B3 ANALYTES
36 - B4 REPORTING COMPOSITE RESULTS
36 - B5 ADJUSTMENT OF INVESTIGATION LEVELS
36 - B6 COST EFFECTIVENESS
37 - APPENDIX C - NUMBER OF SAMPLE LOCATIONS REQUIRED FOR HOT SPOT DETECTION
37 - C1 SCOPE
37 - C2 CALCULATIONS
37 - C2.1 Grid size
37 - C2.2 Number of sampling points
37 - C3 PROCEDURE
38 - APPENDIX D - NUMBER OF SAMPLE LOCATIONS REQUIRED TO DETERMINE THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATION OF AN ANALYTE
38 - D1 SCOPE
38 - D2 CALCULATIONS
38 - D3 PROCEDURE
39 - D4 BACKGROUND
40 - APPENDIX E - NUMBER OF SAMPLE LOCATIONS REQUIRED FOR DETERMINING THE DEGREE OF CONTAMINATION
40 - E1 SCOPE
40 - E2 CALCULATIONS
40 - E3 PROCEDURE
40 - E4 BACKGROUND
42 - APPENDIX F - SITE CHARACTERIZATION
42 - F1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
42 - F2 SITE DESCRIPTION
42 - F2.1 General
42 - F2.2 General surface characteristics
42 - F2.3 Physiographic position
43 - F2.4 Hydrological characteristics
43 - F3 SOIL MORPHOLOGY
43 - F3.1 General
43 - F3.2 Soil profile
44 - F3.3 Depth
44 - F3.4 Colour
44 - F3.5 Field texture
44 - F3.6 Coarse fragments
45 - F3.7 Unified soil classification system
45 - F3.8 Soil pH
45 - F3.9 Odour assessment
47 - APPENDIX G - EXAMPLE OF A STRATA LOG
48 - APPENDIX H - EXAMPLE OF CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY FORM
49 - APPENDIX I - CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS LISTED BY INDUSTRY TYPE