AS 4482.1-1997

1 - AS 4482.1-1997 GUIDE TO THE SAMPLING AND INVESTIGATION OF POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED SOIL - NON-VOLATILE AND SEMI-VOLATILE...
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
7 - 1.3 DEFINITIONS
7 - 1.3.1 Composite sample
7 - 1.3.2 Confidence level
7 - 1.3.3 Contaminated
7 - 1.3.4 Contaminated site
8 - 1.3.5 Data quality objective (DQO)
8 - 1.3.6 Field quality control samples
8 - 1.3.7 Field quality assurance procedures
8 - 1.3.8 Hot spot
8 - 1.3.9 Investigation level
8 - 1.3.10 Preliminary site investigation
8 - 1.3.11 Remaining soil
8 - 1.3.12 Replicate sample
8 - 1.3.13 Risk
8 - 1.3.14 alpha risk
8 - 1.3.15 beta risk
8 - 1.3.16 Sampling pattern
8 - 1.3.17 Site characterization
8 - 1.3.18 Site investigation
9 - 1.3.19 Site validation
9 - 1.4 COMPOSITE SAMPLES
9 - 1.4.1 Composite sampling
9 - 1.4.2 Requirements for the use of composite samples
10 - SECTION 2 SITE INVESTIGATION PROCESS
11 - SECTION 3 PRELIMINARY SITE INVESTIGATION
11 - 3.1 GENERAL
11 - 3.2 PRELIMINARY STUDY
11 - 3.2.1 General
11 - 3.2.2 Information requirements
12 - 3.2.3 Sources of information
13 - 3.3 SITE INSPECTION
13 - 3.3.1 General procedure
13 - 3.3.2 Preliminary sampling
14 - 3.4 PRELIMINARY SITE INVESTIGATION REPORT
15 - SECTION 4 DETAILED SITE INVESTIGATION
15 - 4.1 GENERAL
15 - 4.2 PROCEDURE
15 - 4.3 DETAILED SITE INVESTIGATION REPORT
17 - SECTION 5 DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES
17 - 5.1 GENERAL
17 - 5.2 DQO PROCESS
19 - SECTION 6 DESIGN OF THE SOIL SAMPLING STRATEGY
19 - 6.1 GENERAL
19 - 6.2 SAMPLING OBJECTIVES
19 - 6.3 CONTAMINANT DISTRIBUTION
19 - 6.4 SAMPLING PATTERN SELECTION
19 - 6.4.1 General
20 - 6.4.2 Systematic sampling pattern
20 - 6.4.3 Stratified sampling pattern
20 - 6.4.4 Judgmental sampling pattern
20 - 6.5 UNCERTAINTY OF SAMPLING
20 - 6.6 SAMPLING PLAN FOR SITE CHARACTERIZATION
20 - 6.6.1 Sampling pattern for preliminary site investigation
21 - 6.6.2 Sampling pattern for detailed investigation
21 - 6.6.3 Depth of sampling
21 - 6.6.4 Number of samples
21 - 6.7 SAMPLING PLAN FOR SITE VALIDATION
21 - 6.7.1 Sampling pattern
21 - 6.7.2 Soil validation
22 - 6.7.3 Number of samples
24 - SECTION 7 SAMPLE COLLECTION
24 - 7.1 SCOPE
24 - 7.2 SAMPLING PROGRAM
24 - 7.2.1 Preparatory work off-site
24 - 7.2.2 Preparatory work on-site
24 - 7.2.3 Recording of the data
24 - 7.2.4 Coding procedure
24 - 7.2.5 Testing
25 - 7.3 SAMPLING
25 - 7.3.1 General
26 - 7.3.2 Background samples
26 - 7.3.3 Surface samples
26 - 7.3.4 Test pits
26 - 7.3.5 Boreholes
27 - 7.4 HANDLING, CONTAINMENT AND TRANSPORT OF SAMPLES
27 - 7.4.1 Field notebook
27 - 7.4.2 Sample handling
27 - 7.4.3 Chain-of-custody procedures
27 - 7.4.4 Sample preservation and storage
27 - 7.4.5 Occupational health and safety
28 - 7.5 DECONTAMINATION OF SAMPLING EQUIPMENT
28 - 7.5.1 General
29 - 7.5.2 Manual sampling equipment
29 - 7.5.3 Large sampling equipment e.g. backhoes
29 - 7.5.4 Effectiveness of decontamination procedure
29 - 7.5.5 Disposal of contaminated personal protective equipment
29 - 7.5.6 Procedure for the decontamination of manual sampling equipment
29 - 7.5.7 Decontamination procedure for large equipment
30 - 7.6 FIELD SAMPLING FORMS
31 - SECTION 8 QUALITY ASSURANCE
31 - 8.1 GENERAL
31 - 8.2 QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES
31 - 8.2.1 General
31 - 8.2.2 Blind replicate samples
31 - 8.2.3 Split samples
31 - 8.2.4 Rinsate blanks
31 - 8.2.5 Other quality control samples
31 - 8.2.6 Evaluation of quality control samples results
32 - 8.3 CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY
32 - 8.4 CALIBRATION OF FIELD INSTRUMENTS
33 - APPENDIX A - HEALTH AND SAFETY OF INVESTIGATORY PERSONNEL
33 - A1 GENERAL
33 - A2 NON-VOLATILE CHEMICALS
33 - A3 VOLATILE CHEMICALS
34 - A4 BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
34 - A5 RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
34 - A6 TOPOGRAPHY
34 - A7 MACHINERY
35 - APPENDIX B - GUIDELINES FOR THE COMPOSITE SAMPLING OF SOILS*
35 - B1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
35 - B2 METHODOLOGY FOR COMPOSITE SAMPLING
36 - B3 ANALYTES
36 - B4 REPORTING COMPOSITE RESULTS
36 - B5 ADJUSTMENT OF INVESTIGATION LEVELS
36 - B6 COST EFFECTIVENESS
37 - APPENDIX C - NUMBER OF SAMPLE LOCATIONS REQUIRED FOR HOT SPOT DETECTION
37 - C1 SCOPE
37 - C2 CALCULATIONS
37 - C2.1 Grid size
37 - C2.2 Number of sampling points
37 - C3 PROCEDURE
38 - APPENDIX D - NUMBER OF SAMPLE LOCATIONS REQUIRED TO DETERMINE THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATION OF AN ANALYTE
38 - D1 SCOPE
38 - D2 CALCULATIONS
38 - D3 PROCEDURE
39 - D4 BACKGROUND
40 - APPENDIX E - NUMBER OF SAMPLE LOCATIONS REQUIRED FOR DETERMINING THE DEGREE OF CONTAMINATION
40 - E1 SCOPE
40 - E2 CALCULATIONS
40 - E3 PROCEDURE
40 - E4 BACKGROUND
42 - APPENDIX F - SITE CHARACTERIZATION
42 - F1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
42 - F2 SITE DESCRIPTION
42 - F2.1 General
42 - F2.2 General surface characteristics
42 - F2.3 Physiographic position
43 - F2.4 Hydrological characteristics
43 - F3 SOIL MORPHOLOGY
43 - F3.1 General
43 - F3.2 Soil profile
44 - F3.3 Depth
44 - F3.4 Colour
44 - F3.5 Field texture
44 - F3.6 Coarse fragments
45 - F3.7 Unified soil classification system
45 - F3.8 Soil pH
45 - F3.9 Odour assessment
47 - APPENDIX G - EXAMPLE OF A STRATA LOG
48 - APPENDIX H - EXAMPLE OF CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY FORM
49 - APPENDIX I - CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS LISTED BY INDUSTRY TYPE

Provides guidance on the sampling and investigation process for professionals engaged in these activities. Includes information which may be required to satisfy regulatory requirements. It lists the sequence of events for collecting sufficient and reliable information for the assessment of a potentially contaminated site. It includes the design of a sampling plan to meet the objectives of the investigation. This Standard does not establish any regulatory limits or remediation requirements for the proposed land use.

This Standard provides guidance for collecting sufficient and reliable information for the assessment of a potentially contaminated site. It includes the formulation of data quality objectives and design of a sampling plan to meet the objectives of the investigation. This Standard does not establish any regulatory limits, remediation requirements or make any recommendations about the proposed land use.It is however suitable for use in determining compliance with criteria such as those produced by ANZECC/NHMRC* or various regulatory agencies.NOTE: Appendix A gives information on health and safety aspects when collecting soil samples. This appendix is intended only as a general guide to the issues that should be considered in the development of a site specific occupational health and safety plan.

First published as AS 4482.1-1997.