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    AS/NZS 1554.5:2011

    AvailableSuperseded An Available Superseded Standard is one, which has been made available for a period of time although it has been formally superseded by another Standard. Its availability is maintained where it is referenced in legislation/regulations or in other Standards and its use should be restricted to where so referenced. No responsibility is taken by SAI Global as to the ongoing technical validity of such a Standard, the responsibility resting with the referencing authority.

    Structural steel welding Welding of steel structures subject to high levels of fatigue loading

    Available format(s):  Hardcopy, PDF 1 User, PDF 3 Users, PDF 5 Users, PDF 9 Users

    Language(s):  English

    Published date:  17-06-2011

    Publisher:  Standards Australia

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    1 - AS/NZS 1554.5:2011 STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING - WELDING OF STEEL STRUCTURES SUBJECT TO HIGH LEVELS OF FATIGUE LOADING
    4 - PREFACE
    5 - CONTENTS
    7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
    7 - 1.1 SCOPE
    8 - 1.2 EXCLUSIONS
    8 - 1.3 INNOVATION
    8 - 1.4 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
    8 - 1.5 DEFINITIONS
    8 - 1.5.1 Fabricator
    8 - 1.5.2 Inspecting authority
    8 - 1.5.3 Inspector
    8 - 1.5.4 May
    9 - 1.5.5 Principal
    9 - 1.5.6 Shall
    9 - 1.5.7 Should
    9 - 1.6 MANAGEMENT OF QUALITY
    9 - 1.6.1 Quality management
    9 - 1.6.2 Basic welding requirements
    9 - 1.7 SAFETY
    9 - 1.7.1 Safety equipment and procedures
    9 - 1.7.2 Welding equipment
    9 - 1.7.3 Other hazards
    10 - SECTION 2 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
    10 - 2.1 PARENT MATERIAL
    10 - 2.2 BACKING MATERIAL
    10 - 2.3 WELDING CONSUMABLES
    10 - 2.3.1 Electrodes and filler wires
    11 - 2.3.2 Care of electrodes and filler wires
    11 - 2.3.3 Flux
    11 - 2.3.4 Shielding gas
    12 - SECTION 3 DETAILS OF WELDED CONNECTIONS
    12 - 3.1 GENERAL
    12 - 3.1.1 Permissible weld types
    12 - 3.1.2 Design stresses
    12 - 3.1.3 Drawings
    12 - 3.2 BUTT WELDS
    12 - 3.2.1 Size of weld
    12 - 3.2.2 Design throat thickness
    13 - 3.2.3 Effective length
    13 - 3.2.4 Effective area
    13 - 3.2.5 Transition of thickness or width
    13 - 3.3 FILLET WELDS
    13 - 3.3.1 Size of weld
    13 - 3.3.2 Design throat thickness
    15 - 3.3.3 Effective length
    15 - 3.3.4 Effective area
    16 - 3.3.5 Minimum size of fillet welds
    16 - 3.3.6 Maximum size of fillet welds along edges
    18 - 3.4 COMPOUND WELDS
    18 - 3.4.1 Description
    18 - 3.4.2 Design throat thickness (DTT)
    19 - SECTION 4 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND PERSONNEL
    19 - 4.1 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
    19 - 4.1.1 General
    19 - 4.1.2 Butt welds
    20 - 4.1.3 Fillet welds
    21 - 4.1.4 Qualification of multiple welding positions
    21 - 4.2 METHODS FOR QUALIFYING A WELDING PROCEDURE
    21 - 4.3 PREQUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
    22 - 4.4 PORTABILITY OF QUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
    22 - 4.5 PREQUALIFIED JOINT PREPARATIONS
    22 - 4.5.1 General
    22 - 4.5.2 Prequalified complete penetration butt welds
    22 - 4.5.3 Prequalified incomplete penetration butt welds
    22 - 4.5.4 Prequalified fillet welds
    23 - 4.6 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
    23 - 4.6.1 Prequalified welding consumables
    29 - 4.6.2 Qualification of welding consumables by testing
    30 - 4.7 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE BY TESTING
    30 - 4.7.1 Method of qualification
    32 - 4.7.2 Preparation of special test piece
    33 - 4.7.3 Dimensions of test pieces
    33 - 4.7.4 Macro tests
    33 - 4.7.5 Transverse butt tensile tests
    33 - 4.7.6 Bend tests
    33 - 4.7.7 Charpy impact tests
    33 - 4.7.8 Hardness comparison tests between parent metal and weld metal
    33 - 4.7.9 Hardness tests for weld-heat-affected zones
    34 - 4.7.10 Retests
    34 - 4.8 EXTENSION OF QUALIFICATION
    34 - 4.9 COMBINATION OF PROCESSES
    34 - 4.10 RECORDS OF TESTS
    34 - 4.11 REQUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES
    38 - 4.12 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PERSONNEL
    38 - 4.12.1 Welding supervisor
    38 - 4.12.2 Welders
    42 - SECTION 5 WORKMANSHIP
    42 - 5.1 PREPARATION OF EDGES FOR WELDING
    42 - 5.1.1 General
    42 - 5.1.2 Thermal cutting
    42 - 5.2 ASSEMBLY
    42 - 5.2.1 General
    42 - 5.2.2 Alignment of butt-welded joints
    43 - 5.2.3 Alignment of fillet welds and incomplete penetration butt welds
    43 - 5.3 PREHEATING AND INTER-RUN CONTROL
    43 - 5.3.1 General
    43 - 5.3.2 Need for preheating
    44 - 5.3.3 Extent of preheating and cooling after welding
    44 - 5.3.4 Determination of preheating temperature
    50 - 5.3.5 Inter-run temperature determination
    50 - 5.4 WELDING UNDER ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
    50 - 5.5 TACK WELDS
    50 - 5.6 WELD DEPTH-TO-WIDTH RATIO
    51 - 5.7 CONTROL OF DISTORTION AND RESIDUAL STRESS
    51 - 5.7.1 General
    51 - 5.7.2 Stressed parts
    51 - 5.7.3 Peening
    51 - 5.7.4 Correction of distortion
    52 - 5.8 BACKGOUGING AND REPAIR OF DEFECTS IN WELDS
    52 - 5.8.1 General
    52 - 5.8.2 Removal of weld metal
    52 - 5.8.3 Grinding
    52 - 5.8.4 Stop/starts
    53 - 5.9 TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS
    53 - 5.10 ARC STRIKES
    53 - 5.11 CLEANING OF FINISHED WELDS
    53 - 5.12 DRESSING OF BUTT WELDS
    54 - SECTION 6 QUALITY OF WELDS
    54 - 6.1 METHODS OF INSPECTION AND PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF IMPERFECTIONS
    54 - 6.1.1 Methods of inspection of completed welds
    54 - 6.1.2 Permissible levels of imperfection
    57 - 6.1.3 Adjacent imperfections
    59 - 6.1.4 Interpretation of tests
    59 - 6.2 RADIOGRAPHY
    59 - 6.2.1 Method
    59 - 6.2.2 Image quality indicator (IQI) sensitivity
    59 - 6.2.3 Acceptance limits
    60 - 6.3 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
    60 - 6.3.1 Method
    60 - 6.3.2 Evaluation
    60 - 6.3.3 Acceptance limits
    61 - 6.4 MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
    61 - 6.5 WELD DEFECTS
    61 - 6.6 REPORTING
    62 - SECTION 7 INSPECTION
    62 - 7.1 GENERAL
    62 - 7.2 QUALIFICATIONS OF INSPECTORS
    62 - 7.3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF WORK
    63 - 7.4 NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OTHER THAN VISUAL
    64 - APPENDIX A - NORMATIVE REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
    67 - APPENDIX B - BRITTLE FRACTURE
    67 - B1 METHODS
    67 - B2 NOTCH-DUCTILE RANGE METHOD
    67 - B3 DESIGN SERVICE TEMPERATURE
    67 - B3.1 General
    67 - B3.2 Basic design temperature
    67 - B3.3 Modifications to the basic design temperature
    68 - B4 MATERIAL SELECTION
    68 - B4.1 Selection of steel type
    68 - B4.2 Limitations
    68 - B4.3 Modification for certain applications
    69 - B5 FRACTURE ASSESSMENT
    72 - APPENDIX C - TYPICAL FORMS FOR WELDING PROCEDURES
    75 - APPENDIX D - CHECK LIST OF MATTERS FOR DISCUSSION
    76 - APPENDIX E - WELDED JOINT AND PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
    76 - E1 NOTATION FOR JOINT IDENTIFICATION
    76 - E2 NOTATION FOR DIMENSIONS, POSITIONS AND BACKING MATERIAL
    77 - E3 NOTATION FOR PROCESSES
    77 - E4 EXAMPLE
    90 - APPENDIX F - WELD PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES TO THE WELDING CONSUMABLE CLASSIFCATION SYSTEM
    90 - F1 GENERAL
    90 - F2 SYSTEM CHANGES
    90 - F2.1 Strength
    91 - F2.2 Impact resistance
    91 - F2.3 Flux designations (MMAW)
    91 - F2.4 Usability designations (FCAW)
    91 - F2.5 Positional designations
    91 - F2.6 Weld metal hydrogen
    92 - F3 EXTENSION OF WELD PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION
    92 - F4 OTHER PROCESSES
    94 - BIBLIOGRAPHY

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Specifies requirements for the welding of steel structures made up of combinations of steel plate, sheet or sections, including hollow sections and built up sections, or castings and forgings, by the MMAW, SAW, GMAW, GTAW or TIG, FCAW, ESW and EGW processes. The Standard is limited to the welding of steel parent material with a specified minimum yield strength not exceeding 500MPa.

    Scope - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    This Standard specifies requirements for the welding of steel structures made up of combinations of steel plate, sheet or sections, including hollow sections and built-up sections, or castings and forgings, by the following processes:(a) Manual metal-arc welding (MMAW).(b) Submerged arc welding (SAW).(c) Gas metal-arc welding (GMAW or MIG), including pulsed mode.(d) Gas tungsten-arc welding (GTAW or TIG).(e) Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW).(f) Electroslag (including consumable guide) welding (ESW).(g) Electrogas welding (EGW).The Standard is limited to the welding of steel parent material with a specified minimum yield strength not exceeding 500 MPa.The Standard applies to the welding of steelwork in structures complying with AS 3990, AS 4100, AS/NZS 4600 or NZS 3404.1. Where welded joints in these structures are governed by dynamic loading conditions, the Standard applies only to those welded joints that comply with the fatigue provisions of AS 3990, AS 4100 or NZS 3404.1, as limited by Item (ii) below, or the directly equivalent fatigue provisions of other application Standards.Welded joints complying with the above are those that are - (i) not subject to fatigue conditions; or(ii) subject to fatigue conditions, where - (A) the stress range in the welded joint complies with the permissible stress range of stress categories C, D, E or F of AS 3990, or weld categories lower than or equal to detail category 112 of AS 4100 or NZS 3404.1; or(B) the stress range in the welded joint is not greater than 80% of the permissible stress range of stress category B of AS 3990.In addition to the abovementioned structures, the Standard applies to the welding of cranes, hoists and other dynamically loaded structures, the welding of road and pedestrian bridges and the welding of steelwork in applications other than structural.NOTE: Further information on this Standard, is given in WTIA Technical Note 11.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Committee WD-003
    Document Type Standard
    Publisher Standards Australia
    Status AvailableSuperseded
    Superseded By
    Supersedes
    Under Revision

    History - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Originated in Australia as AS 1554.5-1989.Originated in New Zealand as AS/NZS 1554.5:1995.Previous edition 2004.Fourth edition 2011. Originated in Australia as AS 1554.5-1989. Originated in New Zealand as AS/NZS 1554.5:1995. Previous edition 2004. Fourth edition 2011.

    Standards Referenced By This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 Risk management - Principles and guidelines
    AS/NZS 1337.5:2004 Personal eye-protection Eye-protectors for adjustment work on lasers and laser systems (laser adjustment eye-protectors)
    AS 1796-2001 Certification of welders and welding supervisors (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS/NZS 1167.2:1999 Welding and brazing - Filler metals Filler metal for welding
    AS 1817.3-2002 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Calibration of reference blocks
    AS/NZS 3992:1998 Pressure equipment - Welding and brazing qualification
    AS/NZS ISO 3834.4:2008 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Elementary quality requirements (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS 2214-2004 Certification of welding supervisors - Structural steel welding
    AS 1397-2001 Steel sheet and strip - Hot-dipped zinc-coated or aluminium/zinc-coated
    AS/NZS ISO 17632:2006 Welding consumables - Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded and non-gas shielded metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels - Classification (ISO 17632:2004, MOD) (Reconfirmed 2017)
    AS ISO 13916-2003 Welding - Guide on the measurement of preheating temperature, interpass temperature and preheat maintenance temperature
    AS 1450-2007 Steel tubes for mechanical purposes (Reconfirmed 2017)
    AS 1858.2-1989 Electrodes and fluxes for submerged-arc welding - Low and intermediate alloy steels
    AS/NZS 1337.6:2007 Personal eye protection - Prescription eye protectors against low and medium impact
    AS/NZS 1594:2002 Hot-rolled steel flat products (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS 4100 SUPP 1-1999 Steel structures - Commentary (Supplement to AS 4100-1998)
    AS 2205.3.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Transverse guided bend test (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS 2314-2006 Radiography of metals - Image quality indicators (IQI) and recommendations for their use
    AS 4100-1998 Steel structures (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS 1470-1986 Health and safety at work - Principles and practices
    AS/NZS ISO 3834.3:2008 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Standard quality requirements (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS/NZS 1553.1:1995 Covered electrodes for welding - Low carbon steel electrodes for manual metal-arc welding of carbon steels and carbon-manganese steels
    AS 1548-2008 Fine grained, weldable steel plates for pressure equipment (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS 2203.1-1990 Cored electrodes for arc-welding - Ferritic steel electrodes
    AS/NZS 1595:1998 Cold-rolled, unalloyed, steel sheet and strip (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS/NZS 3678:2011 Structural steel - Hot-rolled plates, floorplates and slabs
    AS 1101.3-2005 Graphical symbols for general engineering Welding and non-destructive examination
    AS/NZS 3679.2:2010 Structural steel Welded I sections
    AS 4458-1997 Pressure equipment - Manufacture (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS/NZS 1554.4:2010 Structural steel welding Welding of high strength quenched and tempered steels
    AS 2205.7.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Charpy V-notch impact fracture toughness test
    AS/NZS 4857:2006 Welding consumables - Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of high-strength steels - Classification (Reconfirmed 2017)
    AS 2812-2005 Welding, brazing and cutting of metals - Glossary of terms (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS 2205.2.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Transverse butt tensile test
    AS/NZS 1338.1:1992 Filters for eye protectors Filters for protection against radiation generated in welding and allied operations
    AS 1817.2-2002 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Verification of testing machines
    AS/NZS 1336:1997 Recommended practices for occupational eye protection
    AS/NZS 4855:2007 Welding consumables - Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels - Classification
    AS 3990-1993 Mechanical equipment - Steelwork (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS 3545-2004 Welding positions
    AS 1858.1-2003 Electrodes and fluxes for submerged-arc welding Carbon steels and carbon-manganese steels
    AS 2799-1992 Resistance welding equipment - Single-phase a.c. transformer type
    AS 2207-2007 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing of fusion welded joints in carbon and low alloy steel (Reconfirmed 2017)
    AS 2865-2009 Confined spaces
    AS 1674.2-2007 Safety in welding and allied processes Electrical (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS/NZS 1337.4:2004 Personal eye-protection - Filters and eye-protectors against laser radiation (laser eye-protectors)
    AS 1817.1-2003 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Test method (ISO 6507-1:1997, MOD)
    AS/NZS ISO 3834.1:2008 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Criteria for the selection of the appropriate level of quality requirements (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS 2205.5.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Macro metallographic test for cross-section examination (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS/NZS ISO 3834.2:2008 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Comprehensive quality requirements (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS/NZS 3679.1:2010 Structural steel Hot-rolled bars and sections
    AS/NZS 1554.1:2004 Structural steel welding Welding of steel structures
    AS 2205.6.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Weld joint hardness test
    AS 1674.1-1997 Safety in welding and allied processes Fire precautions (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS/NZS 2980:2007 Qualification of welders for fusion welding of steels
    AS 2074-2003 Cast steels
    AS 4882-2003 Shielding gases for welding
    AS/NZS 1995:2003 Welding cables (Reconfirmed 2017)
    AS/NZS 2717.1:1996 Welding - Electrodes - Gas metal arc - Ferritic steel electrodes
    AS/NZS 1163:2009 Cold-formed structural steel hollow sections
    AS 60974.1-2006 Arc welding equipment Welding power sources (IEC 60974-1:2000, MOD)
    AS 60974.11-2005 Arc welding equipment - Electrode holders
    AS 1171-1998 Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing of ferromagnetic products, components and structures (Reconfirmed 2022)
    AS/NZS 1337.0(Int):2010 Personal eye protection - Eye and face protectors - Vocabulary
    AS/NZS 1337.1:2010 Personal eye protection Eye and face protectors for occupational applications
    AS 4037-1999 Pressure equipment - Examination and testing (Reconfirmed 2016)

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