ASTM C 494/C494M : 2024
Current
The latest, up-to-date edition.
Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
Hardcopy , PDF
English
15-06-2024
Important note : Users cannot be edited or removed once added to your Multi user PDF.| Committee |
C 09
|
| DocumentType |
Standard
|
| Pages |
15
|
| PublisherName |
American Society for Testing and Materials
|
| Status |
Current
|
| Supersedes |
1.1This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:
1.1.1Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,
1.1.7Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and
1.1.8Type S—Specific performance admixtures.
1.2Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, test specimens for qualifying an admixture shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3.
Note 1:As discussed in Appendix X2, it is recommended that, whenever practicable, supplementary tests be made by the purchaser using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For example, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement contents than that listed in 12.1.1.
Note 2:The purchaser should verify that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3:Admixtures that contain sufficient amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of steel reinforcement. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in reinforced concrete.
1.3This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.3.1Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the admixture meets the requirements of this specification. Proof of compliance shall be based on comparisons of the average test results from the batches of test concrete and the average test results from the batches of reference concrete. Admixtures (except for Types B, C, E, and S) shall qualify for provisional compliance if the time of setting, length change, and durability factor meet the physical requirements and any of the alternative compressive strength requirements shown in parentheses in Table 1 are met through the date of provisional acceptance (see Note 4). If subsequent test results at six months fail to meet the requirement of at least 100 % of reference strength, the provisional compliance of the admixture to this standard is withdrawn and all users of the admixture shall be notified immediately. Uniformity and equivalence tests of Section 6 shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons shall be made.
Note 4:Allowing for provisional compliance while retaining longer term compressive strength requirements promotes more rapid qualification of new materials, but also provides assurance that new admixture technologies will not exhibit unexpected longer term performance. The alternative compressive strength requirements in Table 1 are based on statistical analysis of Specification C494/C494M evaluation tests. The alternative requirements shown in parentheses correspond to a 99 % probability of passing strength requirements at subsequent test ages,2 if any one of the requirements is met. There is no requirement that all be met.
1.3.2Level 2—Limited retesting is described in 5.2 – 5.2.2. Proof of compliance with the requirements of Table 1 demonstrates continued conformity of the admixture with the requirements of the specification.
1.3.3Level 3—For acceptance of a lot or for measuring uniformity within or between lots, if specified by the purchaser, the uniformity and equivalence tests of Section 6 shall be used.
1.4The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
1.5The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.6The following precautionary caveat pertains only to test method Sections 11 – 18 of this Specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.3)
1.7This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
| ASTM C 928/C928M : 2020 : REV A | Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Rapid-Hardening Cementitious Materials for Concrete Repairs |
| ASTM C 858 : 2019 | Standard Specification for Underground Precast Concrete Utility Structures |
| ASTM C 192/C192M : 2019 | Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory |
| ASTM C 913 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Water and Wastewater Structures |
| ASTM C 1932 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Manufacture of Reinforced Precast Concrete End Sections for Pipe |
| ASTM C 935 : 2019 | Standard Specification for General Requirements for Prestressed Concrete Poles Statically Cast |
| ASTM D 5139 : 2019 | Standard Specification for Sample Preparation for Qualification Testing of Coatings to be Used in Nuclear Power Plants |
| ASTM C 1810/C1810M : 2023 | Standard Guide for Comparing Performance of Concrete-Making Materials Using Mortar Mixtures |
| ASTM C 1504M : 2020 | Standard Specification for Manufacture of Precast Reinforced Concrete Three-Sided Structures for Culverts and Storm Drains (Metric) |
| ASTM C 94/C94M : 2024 : REV A | Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete |
| ASTM F 2551 : 2009 : R2023 | Standard Practice for Installing a Protective Cementitious Liner System in Sanitary Sewer Manholes |
| ASTM C 118/C118M : 2024 | Standard Specification for Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage |
| ASTM C 1837 : 2022 | Standard Specification for Production of Dry Cast Concrete Used for Manufacturing Pipe, Box, and Precast Structures |
| ASTM C 1417 : 2019 | Standard Specification for Manufacture of Reinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe for Direct Design |
| ASTM C 412 : 2019 | Standard Specification for Concrete Drain Tile |
| ASTM C 1439 : 2019 | Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Latex and Powder Polymer Modifiers for use in Hydraulic Cement Concrete and Mortar |
| ASTM C 1804 : 2020 | Standard Specification for Spun Cast Prestressed Concrete Bases for Tapered Steel Lighting Poles |
| ASTM C 655 : 2019 : REV A | Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe |
| ASTM C 507M : 2022 | Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric) |
| ASTM C 1438 : 2013 : R2017 | Standard Specification for Latex and Powder Polymer Modifiers for use in Hydraulic Cement Concrete and Mortar |
| ASTM C 1786 : 2019 | Standard Specification for Segmental Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers Designed According to AASHTO LRFD |
| ASTM C 1433M : 2022 | Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers (Metric) |
| ASTM C 76 : 2022 : REV A | Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe |
| ASTM C 1089 : 2019 | Standard Specification for Spun Cast Prestressed Concrete Poles |
| ASTM C 1894 : 2022 | Standard Guide for Microbially Induced Corrosion of Concrete Products |
| ASTM C 1670/C1670M : 2024 | Standard Specification for Adhered Manufactured Stone Masonry Veneer Units |
| ASTM C 887 : 2020 | Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Surface Bonding Mortar |
| ASTM C 1904 : 2022 | Standard Test Methods for Determination of the Effects of Biogenic Acidification on Concrete Antimicrobial Additives and/or Concrete Products |
| ASTM C 1646/C1646M : 2016 | Standard Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens for Evaluating Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Freezing and Thawing in Air-Entrained Concrete |
| ASTM C 1753/C1753M : 2021 : REV A | Standard Practice for Evaluating Early Hydration of Hydraulic Cementitious Mixtures Using Thermal Measurements |
| ASTM C 1293/C1293M : 2023 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction |
| ASTM C 476 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Grout for Masonry |
| ASTM C 1433 : 2020 : EDT 1 | Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers |
| ASTM C 387/C387M : 2023 | Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Concrete and High Strength Mortar |
| ASTM C 1882/C1882M : 2024 | Standard Specification for Anti-washout Admixtures for Concrete |
| ASTM C 1846/C1846M : 2019 : R2024 | Standard Specification for Performance Based Manufacture of Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe |
| ASTM C 1613 : 2024 : REV A | Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Gravity Grease Interceptor Tanks |
| ASTM C 1567 : 2023 | Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method) |
| ASTM C 506M : 2022 : REV A | Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric) |
| ASTM C 412M : 2019 | Standard Specification for Concrete Drain Tile (Metric) |
| ASTM C 1818 : 2022 | Standard Specification for Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe |
| ASTM C 1731 : 2021 | Standard Specification for Concrete Floor Tile |
| ASTM C 1492 : 2022 | Standard Specification for Concrete Roof Tile |
| ASTM C 1364 : 2023 | Standard Specification for Architectural Cast Stone |
| ASTM C 478/C478M : 2022 | Standard Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections |
| ASTM C 654 : 2019 | Standard Specification for Porous Concrete Pipe |
| ASTM C 1417M : 2019 | Standard Specification for Manufacture of Reinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe for Direct Design (Metric) |
| ASTM C 1577 : 2020 : EDT 1 | Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers Designed According to AASHTO LRFD |
| ASTM C 655M : 2019 : REV A | Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric) |
| ASTM C 1776/C1776M : 2017 : R2022 | Standard Specification for Wet-Cast Precast Modular Retaining Wall Units |
| ASTM C 685/C685M : 2017 | Standard Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous Mixing |
| ASTM C 505M : 2019 | Standard Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Irrigation Pipe With Rubber Gasket Joints (Metric) |
| ASTM C 505 : 2019 | Standard Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Irrigation Pipe with Rubber Gasket Joints |
| ASTM C 1504 : 2020 | Standard Specification for Manufacture of Precast Reinforced Concrete Three-Sided Structures for Culverts and Storm Drains |
| ASTM C 1903 : 2024 | Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Duct Bank |
| ASTM C 985 : 2022 | Standard Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Specified Strength Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe |
| ASTM C 125 : 2021 : REV A | Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates |
| ASTM C 14 : 2020 | Standard Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe |
| ASTM C 1765 : 2024 | Standard Specification for Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe |
| ASTM F 1090 : 2015 : R2024 | Standard Classification for Bank and Mercantile Vault Construction |
| ASTM C 1227 : 2024 | Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Septic Tanks |
| ASTM C 1240 : 2020 | Standard Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures |
| ASTM C 76M : 2022 : REV A | Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric) |
| ASTM C 985M : 2022 | Standard Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Specified Strength Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric) |
| ASTM C 654M : 2019 | Standard Specification for Porous Concrete Pipe (Metric) |
| ASTM C 507 : 2022 | Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe |
| ASTM C 915 : 1979 : R2018 | Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Crib Wall Members |
| ASTM C 1622/C1622M : 2010 : R2016 : EDT 1 | Standard Specification for Cold-Weather Admixture Systems |
| ASTM C 1451 : 2018 | Standard Practice for Determining Variability of Concrete-Making Materials From a Single Source |
| ASTM C 14M : 2020 | Standard Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe (Metric) |
| ASTM C 506 : 2022 : REV A | Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe |
| ASTM C 1582/C1582M : 2011 : R2017 : EDT 1 | Standard Specification for Admixtures to Inhibit Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete |
| ASTM C 33/C33M : 2023 | Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates |
| ASTM C 125 : 2024 | Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates |
| ASTM C 138/C138M : 2024 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete |
| ASTM C 157/C157M : 2017 | Standard Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete |
| ASTM C 192/C192M : 2024 | Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory |
| ASTM C 33/C33M : 2024 | Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates |
| ASTM C 157/C157M : 2024 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete |
| ASTM D 891 : 2018 | Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity, Apparent, of Liquid Industrial Chemicals |
| ASTM D 891 : 2024 | Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity, Apparent, of Liquid Industrial Chemicals |
| ASTM C 157/C157M : 2024 | Standard Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete |
Access your standards online with a subscription
Features
-
Simple online access to standards, technical information and regulations.
-
Critical updates of standards and customisable alerts and notifications.
-
Multi-user online standards collection: secure, flexible and cost effective.