ASTM E 351 : 2025

Element

Composition Range, %

Aluminum

0.003 to  0.50

Antimony

0.005 to  0.03

Arsenic

0.02  to  0.10

Bismuth

0.001 to  0.03

Boron

0.001 to  0.10

Cadmium

0.001 to 0.005

Carbon

1.25  to  4.50

Cerium

0.005 to  0.05

Chromium

0.01  to 30.00

Cobalt

0.01  to  4.50

Copper

0.03  to  7.50

Lead

0.001 to  0.15

Magnesium

0.002 to  0.10

Manganese

0.06  to  2.50

Molybdenum

0.01  to  5.00

Nickel

0.01  to 36.00

Phosphorus

0.01  to  0.90

Selenium

0.001 to  0.06

Silicon

0.10 to 6.0   

Sulfur

0.005 to  0.25

Tellurium

0.001 to  0.35

Tin

0.001 to  0.35

Titanium

0.001 to  0.20

Tungsten

0.001 to  0.20

Vanadium

0.005 to  0.50

Zinc

0.005 to  0.20

Sections

Carbon, Graphitic, by the Direct Combustion Infrared Absorption Method (1 % to 3 %)

108–115

Carbon, Total by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (1.25 % to 4.50 %)—Discontinued 2012

 97–107

Cerium and Lanthanum by the Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry Method (Ce: 0.003 % to 0.5 %; La: 0.001 % to 0.30 %)

237–245

Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Method (0.006 % to 1.00 %)

208–217

Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method (0.05 % to 30.0 %)

218–226

Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate-Oxidation Titrimetric Method (0.05 % to 30.0 %)—Discontinued 1980

144–151

Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange—Potentiometric Titration Method (2.0 % to 4.5 %)

 53–60

Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 4.50 %)

 61–70

Copper by the Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.03 % to 7.5 %)

116–125

Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition Gravimetric Method (0.03 % to 7.5 %)

 81–88

Lead by the Ion-Exchange—Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.001 % to 0.15 %)

126–135

Magnesium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %)

 71–80

Manganese by the Periodate Spectrophotometric Method (0.10 % to 2.00 %)

  9–18

Manganese by the Peroxydisulfate-Arsenite Titrimetric Method (0.10 % to 3.5 %)

152–159

Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange–8-Hydroxyquinoline Gravimetric Method

257–264

Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 1.5 %)

196–207

Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 36.00 %)

168–175

Nickel by the Ion Exchange-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.005 % to 1.00 %)

176–185

Phosphorus by the Alkalimetric Method (0.02 % to 0.90 %)

160–167

Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method (0.02 % to 0.90 %)

 19–30

Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 6.0 %)

 46–52

Sulfur by the Gravimetric Method—Discontinued 1988

 30–36

Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 % to 0.25 %)—Discontinued 2012

 37–45

Sulfur by the Chromatographic Gravimetric Method—Discontinued 1980

136–143

Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %) 

186–195

Tin by the Sulfide Precipitation-Iodometric Titration Method (0.01 % to 0.35 %) 

 89–96

Titanium by the Diantipyrylmethane Spectrophotometric Method (0.006 % to 0.35 %) 

246–256

Vanadium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.006 % to 0.15 %) 

227–236