AWS C6.1 : 1989

Dedication
Personnel(Reaffirmation)
Personnel(Original)
Foreword
List of Tables
List of Figures
1. Scope
2. Definitions
3. Measurement
4. Process Fundamentals
    4.1 Process Description
    4.2 Process Variations
    4.3 History
    4.4 Process Advantages
    4.5 Process Limitations
5. Equipment
    5.1 General Machine Characteristics
    5.2 Direct Drive Friction Welding Machines
    5.3 Inertia Friction Welding Machines
    5.4 Workpiece Restraint
    5.5 Parameter Input Methods
    5.6 Weld Parameter Monitoring
    5.7 Flash Removal
    5.8 Automated Material Handling
    5.9 Angular Orientation
6. Joint Design
    6.1 Joint Types
    6.2 Geometry Considerations
    6.3 Other Joint Configurations
7. Materials
    7.1 Material Compatibilities
    7.2 Welding Parameters
    7.3 Material Quality Requirements
    7.4 Thermal Treatment of Friction Weldments
8. Process Requirements and Applications
    8.1 General Requirements
    8.2 Direct Drive Friction Welding Machines
    8.3 Inertia Friction Welding Machines
    8.4 Applications
9. Process Qualification
    9.1 Welding Procedure Qualification
    9.2 Welding Machine Qualification
    9.3 Operator of Automatic Welding Equipment Qualification
10. Inspection of Test Methods
    10.1 General
    10.2 Nondestructive Tests
    10.3 Destructive Tests
11. Safe Practices
    11.1 General
    11.2 Noise and Hearing Protection
    11.3 Smoke
    11.4 Sparks and Loose Particles
    11.5 Mechanical
12. Mechanical Properties of Friction Weldments
Annex A (Informative) - Nomenclature and Metric Conversion
Annex B (Informative) - References
Annex C (Informative) - DVS Part 4, Friction Welding Defects

Describes friction welding which serves as a basic guide for those interested in using any of the variations of this process as a method of joining two or more pieces.