BS 3969:1998+A1:2013

Characteristics and handling of various types of turf for use in different situations.

This British Standard gives recommendations for the characteristics and handling of turf composed of a typical mix of grass species. It gives a simplified indication of seed/cultivar combinations in mixtures, and some appropriate uses for the kinds of turf produced from these mixtures.

NOTE Turf is normally grown from seed mixtures sown for the purpose, as opposed to swards of indigenous ecotypes cultured in sea marshes and similar areas. However, some turf is produced specially sown or cultivated, for the propagation of herbs and wild flowers.

These recommendations apply to all types of turf, as mentioned, which are grown on natural soil, with or without reinforcing material incorporated in the cut and lifted turves, or with or without the natural soil still being present or removed by washing (washed turf).

The recommendations are not necessarily adequate for special seedling turf products, or for turf grown on special substrates, although some or all of the recommendations could be applied or adapted.