BS 4485-4:1975
Superseded
A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.
View Superseded by
Water cooling towers Structural design of cooling towers
Hardcopy , PDF
15-08-1996
English
30-09-1975
Co-operating organizations
Foreword
Specification
1 Scope
2 Definitions
3 Loadings (hyperbolic cooling towers)
3.1 Primary loadings
3.2 Superimposed loadings
3.3 Constructional loadings
4 Loadings (mechanical draught cooling towers)
4.1 Primary loadings
4.2 Superimposed loadings
4.3 Constructional loadings
5 Design considerations (hyperbolic cooling towers)
5.1 Size, shape, siting and spacing
5.2 Basis of design
5.3 Design of sheel support columns
5.4 Effect of temperature and moisture variations
5.5 Buckling of shells
5.6 Openings in shells
5.7 Vibration characteristics of shells
5.8 Cover to shell reinforcement
5.9 Minimum shell reinforcement
6 Hyperbolic shell geometry
6.1 General
6.2 Setting out
6.3 Tolerances
6.4 Checking of shell
6.5 Adjustment to shell
6.6 Acceptance of deviations from the design shell
geometry
7 Design considerations (mechanical draught cooling
towers)
7.1 Size, shape, siting and spacing
7.2 Basis of design
7.3 Effect of temperature and moisture variations
8 Materials (hyperbolic and mechanical draught
cooling towers)
8.1 Concrete
8.2 Steel
8.3 Prestressing
8.4 Precast concrete components
8.5 Lightning protection
8.6 Structural timber
8.7 Asbestos-cement materials
8.8 Plastics materials
8.9 General hardware in cooling towers
8.10 Protective coatings and paints
8.11 Adhesives
9 Pack support structures
9.1 Function
9.2 Types
9.3 Materials
9.4 Structural considerations
9.5 Loadings
9.6 Design
9.7 Construction
10 Packings, water distribution system and
eliminators
10.1 Packings
10.2 Water distribution pipework
10.3 Eliminators
11 Water retaining structures
11.1 Design of prestressed and reinforced concrete
structures
11.2 Loading (construction)
11.3 Pressure loadings
11.4 Construction
11.5 Penstocks
11.6 Damboards
11.7 Screens
11.8 Isolating valves
11.9 Testing
12 Foundations
12.1 Foundations for shell
12.2 Foundations for cold water basin and pack support
structure
13 Inspection maintenance
Appendices
A Testing of reinforced concrete and prestressed
concrete culverts designed to CP 2007
B Requirements for stress graded timber triangular
section laths
C Design calculations relating to vibration
characteristics of cooling tower shells (see 5.7)
D Bibliography for linear thin shell theories and
numerical analysis
Tables
1 Force coefficients (fan casing wind loading)
2 Permissible knot size for a 38 mm x 38 mm lath
Figures
1 Pressure coefficient distribution for
determination of wind loading
2 Natural draught (mixed or counterflow) cooling
tower
3 Arrangement of reinforcement trimming for holes in
shells
4 Typical arrangement of tower shell, columns, cold
water basin wall and piles
5 Splay knot
6 Arris knot
7 Face knot
Applicable to the design and construction on site of natural draught hyperbolic concrete shell and mechanical draught concrete and timber structure towers.
Committee |
B/525
|
DevelopmentNote |
BS DRAFT 92/17117 DC REFERS TO A NEW REVISION
|
DocumentType |
Standard
|
Pages |
34
|
PublisherName |
British Standards Institution
|
Status |
Superseded
|
SupersededBy |
BS 5268-5:1977 | Code of practice for the structural use of timber Preservative treatments for constructional timber |
BS 6651:1990 | Code of practice for protection of structures against lightning |
BS 6651:1992 | Code of practice for protection of structures against lightning |
BS 4485-3:1988 | Water cooling towers Code of practice for thermal and functional design |
BS 4485-2:1988 | Water cooling towers Methods for performance testing |
BS 1282:1975 | Guide to the choice, use and application of wood preservatives |
BS 6651:1985 | Code of practice for protection of structures against lightning |
BS 5589:1978 | Code of practice for preservation of timber |
BS CP110-1(1972) : LATEST | CODE OF PRACTICE FOR THE STRUCTURAL USE OF CONCRETE |
BS 4485-1:1969 | Water cooling towers Glossary of terms |
BS 690-2:1981 | Asbestos-cement slates and sheets Specification for asbestos-cement and cellulose-asbestos-cement flat sheets |
BS CP3:CH5-2(1972) : AMD 7908 | CODE OF BASIC DATA FOR THE DESIGN OF BUILDINGS - LOADING - WIND LOADS |
BS CP143-6(1962) : LATEST | CODE OF PRACTICE FOR SHEET ROOF AND WALL COVERINGS - CORRUGATED ASBESTOS CEMENT |
BS CP112.100(1952) : LATEST | PRESERVATIVE TREATMENTS FOR TIMBER USED IN BUILDINGS |
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