BS 7022:1988

Foreword
Committees responsible
Guide
0. Introduction
1. Scope
2. Definitions
4. Units of measurement
5. Purpose of geophysical logging
5.1 General
5.2 Formation logging
5.3 Fluid logging
5.4 Construction logging
5.5 Selection of logs
6. Planning
6.1 Statutory obligations
6.2 General considerations
6.3 Safety around wells, boreholes and shafts
6.4 Site access
6.5 Access within a borehole
6.6 Equipment
6.7 Borehole details
6.8 Logging sequence
7. Formation logging
7.1 General
7.2 Electric logs
7.3 Natural gamma ray logs
7.4 Neutron-neutron (porosity) logs
7.5 Gamma-gamma (density) logs
7.6 Sonic logs
8. Fluid logging
8.1 General
8.2 Temperature
8.3 Conductivity
8.4 Flow
9. Construction logging
9.1 General
9.2 Caliper
9.3 Casing collar locator
9.4 Cement bond
9.5 Closed circuit television log
10. Log presentation
10.1 General
10.2 Log headers
10.3 Track layout
10.4 Log parameter scales
10.5 Depth scales
10.6 Composite logs
10.7 Differential logs
Appendix
A. Selected bibliography
Tables
1. Parameters and units of measurement
2. Application and limitation of geophysical logs
Figures
1. Basic geophysical logging system
2. A composite suite of geophysical logs
3. Correlation between boreholes using natural gamma-
    ray logs
4. Example of the effect of flow mixing in a borehole
5. Electrically equivalent concentrations of a sodium
    chloride solution as a function of conductivity
    and temperature
6. Site and logging information sheets: header section
7. Site and logging information sheets: tail section

Factors to be considered and measurements to be made when logging boreholes. Also provides guidance on field practice with an indication of how variations may be made to take account of local conditions.

This guide describes the factors which need to be considered and the measurements which need to be made when logging boreholes. There can, however, be no definitive “standard?? logging procedure because of the great diversity of objectives, aquifers, groundwater conditions, available technology and legal contexts. Geophysical logging of water boreholes is an evolving science, continually adapting new and different techniques. Every application poses a range of problems and is likely to require a particular set of logs to gain the maximum information. This guide therefore provides information on field practice, with an indication of how variations may be made to take account of particular local conditions. It deals with the usual types of logging carried out for: water resources assessment; water supply purposes; groundwater quality studies including saline intrusion; landfill investigations and aquifer contamination; well or borehole construction and condition; geological (formation) information.

Applications not considered include mineral and hydrocarbon evaluation, and geotechnical and structural engineering investigations.

NOTE Interpretation of the data collected during logging is referred to in this guide only in a general way. For full details of the analysis and interpretation of geophysical logs, reference should be made to specialized texts. Examples of such texts are included in Appendix A.