• BS 7899-2:1999

    Current The latest, up-to-date edition.

    Code of practice for assessment of hazard to life and health from fire Guidance on methods for the quantification of hazards to life and health and estimation of time to incapacitation and death in fires

    Available format(s):  Hardcopy, PDF

    Language(s):  English

    Published date:  15-11-1999

    Publisher:  British Standards Institution

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Committees responsible
          Foreword
          Introduction
    1 Scope
    2 Terms and definitions
    3 Methods available and hazards to be assessed
    4 Options and reliability of methods for determining hazard
          to life
    5 Toxic hazard assessment method using time-concentration
          curves for full scale fires: designed to estimate time to
          incapacitation for exposed humans
    6 The use of small-scale test data for estimating toxic
          potency and toxic hazard
    7 Application of toxic potency and toxic hazard calculation
          methods
    Annex A (informative) Sensory irritancy
    Bibliography
    Figure 1 - Percentage frequency distribution of non-fire CO
               deaths
    Figure 2 - Hazard analysis for a furniture fire
    Table 1 - Comparison of the characteristics of hazard to life
              assessment method options
    Table 2 - Reported effects of smoke on visibility and behaviour
    Table 3 - Irritant concentrations of common fire gases
    Table 4 - Lethal exposure doses of irritants contributing to
              asphyxia and lung damage
    Table 5 - Simplified look up table for solutions to individual
              toxic gas FED equations for incapacitating exposure
              doses over a 1 min exposure time
    Table 6 - Limiting conditions for tenability caused by heat
    Table 7 - Lift threat analysis for the first 6 minutes of a
              furniture fire
    Table 8 - Revised classification of fire types
    Table 9 - Currently accepted 30 min LC50 concentrations for
              common fire gases
    Table 10 - Toxic potency analysis of materials decomposed under
               non-flaming oxidative conditions in the NBS cup
               furnace
    Table 11 - Toxic potency analysis of materials decomposed under
               early, well ventilated flaming conditions in the NBS
               cup furnace
    Table 12 - Toxic potency analysis of materials decomposed less
               efficiently under early, well ventilated flaming
               conditions in the NBC cup furnace
    Table 13 - Approximate lethal exposure doses (LCt50 gm-3min),
               and lethal concentrations (LC50 gm-3) for common
               materials under different fire conditions
    Table A.1 - Mass loss concentrations of thermal decomposition
                products predicted to be painfully irritant
               (mouse RD50 gm-3)

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Guides fire safety practitioners on procedures for the quantification of hazards to life and health. Procedures for calculating smoke obscuration, fire effluent toxicity and thermal components of fire hazard analysis to estimate time to incapacitation and death in fire are covered, as well as procedures to estimate lethal toxic potency from chemical analysis of small-scale combustion toxicity test atmospheres and for applying this data to toxic hazard assessments for fires.

    Scope - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    This part of BS 7899 provides guidance for fire safety practitioners on methods for the quantification of hazards to life and health. It includes methods for the calculation of fire effluent toxicity, smoke obscuration and thermal components of fire hazard analysis for estimation of time to incapacitation and death in fire. Also included are methods for the estimation of lethal toxic potency from a chemical analysis of small-scale combustion toxicity test atmospheres and for the application of such data to toxic hazard assessments for fires.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Committee FSH/16
    Development Note Supersedes 98/540496 DC. (12/2002) Reviewed and confirmed by BSI, January 2010. (12/2009) Supersedes BS DD 180(1989). (04/2014)
    Document Type Standard
    Publisher British Standards Institution
    Status Current
    Supersedes

    Standards Referenced By This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    13/30275218 DC : 0 BS ISO 19700 - CONTROLLED EQUIVALENCE RATIO METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF HAZARDOUS COMPONENTS OF FIRE EFFLUENTS - THE STEADY STATE TUBE FURNACE
    12/30258581 DC : 0 BS 5908-2 - FIRE AND EXPLOSION PRECAUTIONS AT PREMISES HANDLING FLAMMABLE GASES, LIQUIDS AND DUSTS - PART 2: GUIDE TO APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
    BS 7990:2003 Tube furnace method for the determination of toxic product yields in fire effluents
    BS 5908-2:2012 Fire and explosion precautions at premises handling flammable gases, liquids and dusts Guide to applicable standards and regulations
    PD 7974-6:2004 The application of fire safety engineering principles to fire safety design of buildings Human factors. Life safety strategies. Occupant evacuation, behaviour and condition (Sub-system 6)
    PD 6686:2006 Guidance on directives, regulations and standards related to prevention of fire and explosion in the process industries

    Standards Referencing This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    BS 7899-1:1997 Code of practice for assessment of hazard to life and health from fire General guidance
    ISO/TR 9122-1:1989 Toxicity testing of fire effluents Part 1: General
    ISO 13344:2015 Estimation of the lethal toxic potency of fire effluents
    BS ISO TR 9122-6:1994 Toxicity testing of fire effluents Guidance for regulators and specifiers on the assessment of toxic hazard in fires in buildings and transport
    PD 6503-1:1990 Toxicity of combustion products General
    ISO/IEC Guide 52:1990 Glossary of fire terms and definitions
    BS ISO TR 9122-5:1993 Toxicity testing of fire effluents Prediction of toxic effects of fire effluents
    PD 6503-2:1988 Toxicity of combustion products Guide to the relevance of small-scale tests for measuring the toxicity of combustion products of materials and composites
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