BS EN 61223-3-4:2000

INTRODUCTION
1 Scope and object
      1.1 Scope
      1.2 Object
2 Normative references
3 Terminology
      3.1 Degree of requirements
      3.2 Use of terms
      3.3 Defined terms
4 General aspects of ACCEPTANCE TESTS
      4.1 General conditions to be considered in test
             procedures
      4.2 Documents and data for the tests
      4.3 Test conditions
      4.4 Scope of tests
      4.5 Test equipment including PHANTOMS and TEST
             DEVICES
      4.6 Evaluating the test results
5 Test methods for dental X-RAY EQUIPMENT with intra-oral
      X-RAY IMAGE RECEPTOR
      5.1 Visual and functional tests
      5.2 *X-RAY TUBE VOLTAGE
      5.3 *TOTAL FILTRATION
      5.4 *FOCAL SPOT of the X-RAY TUBE
      5.5 Limitation and alignment of the X-RAY BEAM
      5.6 FOCAL SPOT TO SKIN DISTANCE
      5.7 *Reproducibility of RADIATION OUTPUT
      5.8 LINE PAIR RESOLUTION
      5.9 LOW CONTRAST RESOLUTION
6 Test methods for dental panoramic X-RAY EQUIPMENT with
      extra-oral X-RAY IMAGE RECEPTOR
      6.1 Visual and functional tests
      6.2 X-RAY TUBE VOLTAGE
      6.3 TOTAL FILTRATION
      6.4 FOCAL SPOT of the X-RAY TUBE
      6.5 Limitation and alignment of the X-RAY BEAM
      6.6 FOCAL SPOT TO SKIN DISTANCE
      6.7 Reproducibility of RADIATION OUTPUT
      6.8 LINE PAIR RESOLUTION
      6.9 LOW CONTRAST RESOLUTION
      6.10 RADIOGRAPHIC FILM cassettes with INTENSIFYING
             SCREENS
      6.11 Image homogeneity
      6.12 Indicators for patients' positioning
      6.13 Panoramic layer
7 Test methods for dental cephalometric X-RAY EQUIPMENT
      with extra-oral X-RAY IMAGE RECEPTOR
      7.1 Visual and functional tests
      7.2 X-RAY TUBE VOLTAGE
      7.3 TOTAL FILTRATION
      7.4 FOCAL SPOT of the X-RAY TUBE
      7.5 Limitation and alignment of the X-RAY BEAM
      7.6 FOCAL SPOT TO SKIN DISTANCE
      7.7 Reproducibility of RADIATION OUTPUT
      7.8 LINE PAIR RESOLUTION
      7.9 LOW CONTRAST RESOLUTION
      7.10 RADIOGRAPHIC FILM cassettes with INTENSIFYING
             SCREENS
8 Test report and statement of compliance
Annex A (normative) Terminology - Index of defined terms
Annex B (informative) Examples of requirements (accuracy,
                      tolerances, discrepancies) according
                      to actual IEC standards or state of
                      the art
Annex C (informative) ACCEPTANCE TEST for processing of
                      non-screen dental X-RAY films (non-
                      screen film)
Bibliography
Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international
                     publications with their corresponding
                     European publications
Figure 1 - Dental - X-RAY EQUIPMENT with intra-oral X-RAY
           IMAGE RECEPTOR measuring arrangement for AIR KERMA
           and resolution
Figure 2 - Dental X-RAY EQUIPMENT with intra-oral X-RAY IMAGE
           RECEPTOR measuring arrangement for AIR KERMA and
           resolution
Figure 3 - Dental panoramic X-RAY EQUIPMENT with extra-oral
           X-RAY IMAGE RECEPTOR measuring arrangement for
           AIR KERMA and resolution
Figure 4 - Example of a dental panoramic X-RAY EQUIPMENT with
           extra-oral digital X-RAY IMAGE RECEPTOR measuring
           arrangement for AIR KERMA, resolution, image
           homogeneity and panoramic layer
Figure 5 - Example of a cephalometric X-RAY EQUIPMENT with
           extra-oral X-RAY IMAGE RECEPTOR measuring
           arrangement for AIR KERMA and resolution
Figure 6 - Dental PHANTOM (example)
Figure 7 - Dental PHANTOM for digital image acquisition or
           processing parts (example)
Table B.1 - Typical values of FOCAL SPOT dimensions for
            NORMAL FOCAL SPOT VALUES

Applicable to components of dental x-ray equipment using radiographic imaging systems, influencing the image quality and patient dose. Applicable to performance of the acceptance test on dental x-ray equipment with intra-oral x-ray image receptor and dental x-ray equipment with extra-oral x-ray image receptor. Is also applicable to dental film and dental image acquisition and processing.

Applies to the performance of the acceptance test on dental X-ray equipment with intra-oral X-ray image receptor and dental X-ray equipment with extra-oral X-ray image receptor (for example, dental panoramic X-ray equipment or cephalometric X-ray equipment). Defines: - the essential parameters which describe the performance of the above-mentioned dental X-ray equipment with regard to imaging properties and patient dose; - methods of testing and wether measured quantities related to those parameters comply with the specified tolerances.