CEN/TS 13001-3-1:2004

This European Standard is to be used together with Part 1 and Part 2 and as such they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to prevent mechanical hazards of cranes by design and theoretical verification.NOTESpecific requirements for particular types of crane are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type.The following is a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during normal use and foreseeable misuse. Clauses 4 to 8 of this standard are necessary to reduce or eliminate the risks associated with the following hazards:a) Exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue);b) Exceeding temperature limits of material or components;c) Elastic instability of the crane or its parts (buckling, bulging).This European Standard is applicable to cranes which are manufactured after the date of approval by CEN of this standard and serves as reference base for the European Standards for particular crane types.NOTEprCEN/TS 13001-3-1 deals only with limit state method according to prEN 13001-1.As an alternative to the herein presented limit state method using partial safety factors, the allowable stress method using a global safety factor according to prEN 13001-1 and prEN 13001-2 may also be applied for special crane systems with linear behaviour.As crane structures are basically dynamically loaded only the linear theory of elasticity is applicable and only limited local plasticity is allowed. The use of the theory of plasticity for calculation of ultimate load bearing capacity is not allowed.