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HB 264-2003

Withdrawn

Withdrawn

A Withdrawn Standard is one, which is removed from sale, and its unique number can no longer be used. The Standard can be withdrawn and not replaced, or it can be withdrawn and replaced by a Standard with a different number.

Power quality - Recommendations for the application of AS/NZS 61000.3.6 and AS/NZS 61000.3.7

Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF 1 User , PDF 3 Users , PDF 5 Users , PDF 9 Users

Withdrawn date

30-03-2022

Language(s)

English

Published date

01-01-2003

€175.85
Excluding VAT

1 - HB 264-2003 POWER QUALITY-RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE APPLICATION OF AS/NZS 61000.3.6 AND AS/NZS 61000.3.7
3 - INTRODUCTION
4 - CONTENTS
6 - SECTION 1 APPLICATION GUIDE TO AS/NZS 61000.3.6 FOR DISTORTING LOADS
6 - 1.1 SCOPE OF THE SECTION
7 - 1.2 RESPONSIBILITIES OF UTILITIES AND CONSUMERS
7 - 1.3 GENERAL METHODOLOGY
7 - 1.3.1 Overview
8 - 1.3.2 Planning levels
9 - 1.3.3 Allowance for time variation of harmonics
9 - 1.4 STAGE 1: CONNECTION OF INSTALLATIONS WHICH ARE SMALL RELATIVE TO NETWORK LOADING
10 - 1.4.1 Stage 1/Test 1 [Clause 7.1]
10 - 1.4.2 Stage 1/Test 2 [Clause 7.1.1]
10 - 1.5 STAGE 2: ALLOCATION OF HARMONIC CURRENT [CLAUSE 7.2]
12 - 1.5.1 Principles
14 - 1.5.2 Assumptions adopted in Stage 2 calculations
16 - 1.5.3 Stage 2A-Allocation of harmonic voltage
17 - 1.5.4 Stage 2B – Allocation of harmonic VA
18 - 1.6 STAGE 3: ACCEPTANCE OF HIGHER EMISSION LEVELS FOR A SHORT TERM
19 - 1.7 ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES
19 - 1.7.1 Overview
19 - 1.7.2 Instrumentation and transducer requirements
20 - 1.7.3 Assessment of installation harmonic current emission
23 - 1.7.4 Utility assessment
24 - 1.8 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
25 - 1.9 BIBLIOGRAPHY
25 - 1.9.1 References
26 - 1.9.2 Reading list
28 - SECTION 2 METHODS FOR ESTABLISHING HARMONIC PLANNING LEVELS
28 - 2.1 OVERVIEW OF METHODOLOGY
29 - 2.2 TEST SYSTEM
29 - 2.2.1 Overview
30 - 2.2.2 Test data for example case
30 - 2.2.3 Lumping of distributed loads
30 - 2.2.4 Per unit equivalent circuit
31 - 2.3 HARMONIC MODELLING OF AGGREGATED LOADS
31 - 2.3.1 LV loads
31 - 2.3.2 MV loads
32 - 2.3.3 Composite LV/MV loads
32 - 2.4 CALCULATION OF HARMONIC LEVELS
33 - 2.5 CHOICE OF PLANNING LEVELS FOR 132 KV AND 415 V SYSTEMS
35 - 2.6 CHOICE OF PLANNING LEVELS FOR INTERMEDIATE VOLTAGES (66 KV, 33 KV, 22 KV, 11 KV)
35 - 2.6.1 Study of 5th harmonic voltage profile for various test systems
36 - 2.6.2 Study of changes in voltage profile with increasing harmonic frequency
39 - 2.6.3 Effect of error in LV harmonic emission constant
40 - 2.7 CONCLUSIONS
41 - 2.8 REFERENCES
43 - SECTION 3 APPLICATION GUIDE TO AS/NZS 61000.3.7 FOR FLUCTUATING LOADS
43 - 3.1 SCOPE
43 - 3.2 RELATIONSHIP TO THE STANDARD
43 - 3.3 RESPONSIBILITIES
44 - 3.4 GENERAL METHODOLOGY
44 - 3.4.1 Overview
44 - 3.4.2 Short term and long term flicker severity indices
44 - 3.4.3 Flicker transfer coefficients
45 - 3.4.4 Compatibility levels and planning levels
45 - 3.4.5 Summation of flicker from different sources
45 - 3.4.6 Coincidence factors
46 - 3.5 EMISSION LIMITS FOR FLUCTUATING LOADS IN MV SYSTEMS
46 - 3.5.1 Stage 1: Simplified evaluation of emission
46 - 3.5.2 Stage 2: Sharing of emission limits based on agreed VA demand
48 - 3.5.3 Stage 3: Acceptance of higher emission levels
48 - 3.5.4 Emission of rapid voltage changes
49 - 3.6 UTILITY ASSESSMENT OF FLICKER
50 - 3.7 EMISSION LEVEL OF A LOAD AND ITS ASSESSMENT
50 - 3.8 EXAMPLE CALCULATIONS
50 - 3.8.1 Regular rectangular voltage changes and Pst calculation
50 - 3.8.2 Pst calculation using flicker time (memory time) method
51 - 3.8.3 Check for Stage 1 compliance
51 - 3.8.4 Check for Stage 2 compliance
51 - 3.8.5 Calculation of voltage change
52 - 3.8.6 Flicker emission by an already existing load
52 - 3.8.7 Flicker transfer to upstream
53 - 3.9 REFERENCES
54 - 3.10 BIBLIOGRAPHY
54 - 3.10.1 Assessment of voltage fluctuations and flicker
54 - 3.10.2 Measurement of flicker
55 - SECTION 4 METHODS FOR ESTABLISHING FLICKE R PLANNING LEVELS
55 - 4.1 OVERVIEW
57 - 4.2 RECOMMENDED PLANNING LEVELS
57 - 4.3 REFERENCES
58 - APPENDIX A - EXAMPLES
72 - APPENDIX B - RELATIONSHIP OF SECTION 1 TO AS/NZS 61000.3.6
72 - B1 PRACTICES ADOPTED IN THE GUIDEBOOK
72 - B2 HARMONIC RANGE
73 - B3 MEASUREMENT OF HARMONICS UNDER TIME-VARYING CONDITIONS
73 - B3.1 Assessment of utility harmonic voltage
73 - B3.2 Assessment of installation harmonic current
73 - B4 STAGE 1-TEST 3
74 - B5 STAGE 2-ALLOCATION OF HARMONIC EMISSION
74 - B6 STAGE 2-DIVERSITY BETWEEN LV AND MV LOADS
74 - B7 STAGE 3-SHORT TERM CONNECTION OF CONSUMERS WHO FAIL STAGE 2
74 - B8 HARMONIC REACTANCE
75 - B9 TOPICS NOT ADDRESSED
76 - APPENDIX C - SOME ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES USED IN STAGE 2 AND STAGE 3 CALCULATIONS
76 - C1 METHODOLOGY FOR COMBINING HARMONICS FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES [CLAUSE 6.2]*
76 - C2 POLICY FOR STAGE 2 ALLOCATION OF HARMONIC VOLTAGE AND CURRENT TO A PARTICULAR LOAD [CLAUSE 4, P.6]
78 - APPENDIX D - ESTIMATION OF HARMONIC REACTANCE AT THE PCC
78 - D1 OVERVIEW
78 - D2 NO NEARBY CAPACITANCE [APPENDIX A1.1]*
79 - D3 NEARBY DIRECTLY-CONNECTED CAPACITOR
79 - D3.1 One directly-connected capacitor [Appendix A1.2]
80 - D3.2 Several directly-connected capacitors
80 - D4 ALLOWANCE FOR CAPACITORS TO BE CONNECTED IN THE FUTURE
81 - APPENDIX E - ESTIMATING EXISTING HARMONIC LEVELS
82 - APPENDIX F - LIST OF SYMBOLS USED IN SECTION 1
84 - APPENDIX G - ESTIMATION OF LV HARMONIC CURRENT DISTORTION
86 - APPENDIX H - SPREADSHEET FOR HARMONIC VOLTAGE CALCULATIONS
87 - APPENDIX I - MATLAB PROGRAM FOR HARMONIC PROFILE STUDIES OF TEST SYSTEM
89 - APPENDIX J - SUMMARY OF SYSTEM DATA
89 - J1 SYSTEM 1 (132-33-11-415)
89 - J2 SYSTEM 2 (132-66-11-415)
89 - J3 SYSTEM 3 (132-22-415)
89 - J4 SYSTEM 4 (132-11-415)
90 - J5 SYSTEM 5 (220-66-22-415)
90 - J6 SYSTEM 6 (220-66-11-415)
91 - APPENDIX K - A CRITIQUE ON AS/NZS 61000.3.7
91 - K1 PLANNING LEVELS
91 - K2 LONG FEEDERS
91 - K3 PREDICTION OF FLICKER SEVERITY
91 - K4 ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES
92 - APPENDIX L - SIMPLIFIED METHODS FOR ASSESSMENT OF A LOAD FOR FLICKER EMISSION
93 - APPENDIX M - TEST SYSTEM USED TO ILLUSTRATE FLICKER TRANSFER FROM DOWNSTREAM TO UPSTREAM
95 - APPENDIX N - QUESTIONNAIRE TO ASSIST IN PREPARATION OF HANDBOOK ON AS/NZS 61000.3.6 AND AS/NZS 61000.3.7

Provides a coherent and practical guide to the application of the current Australian/New Zealand Standards for limiting harmonic voltages and voltage fluctuations in medium voltage (MV) networks, AS/NZS 61000.3.6 and AS/NZS 61000.3.7 respectively.

Committee
EL-034
DocumentType
Handbook
ISBN
0 7337 5439 2
Pages
94
PublisherName
Standards Australia
Status
Withdrawn

AS/NZS 61000.3.6 (referred to subsequently in this Section as the Standard) specifies the conditions for the connection of harmonically distorting loads whose point of common connection (PCC) is in MV and HV power systems [1]*. These voltage levels are defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission and shown in Table 1.1 [Clause 1, Footnote 2] †. TABLE 1.1 IEC STANDARD VOLTAGE LEVELS Voltage level Range (line-line) LV (Low voltage) Un <= 1 kV MV (Medium voltage) 1 kV < Un <= 35 kV HV (High voltage) 35 kV < Un <= 230 kV EHV (Extra high voltage) 230 kV < Un This Section is intended for use by distribution company power quality engineers and installation engineers responsible for preparing connection agreements for MV/HV consumers. It is self-contained, with all equations and all necessary data from the Standard included. All procedures are illustrated with worked out examples (See Appendix A). The Standard itself is based on IEC 61000.3.6:1996 Type 3 Technical Report, with slight modifications made by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee EL-034 ‘Power ality’Qu documents are not as prescriptive as International Standards. AS/NZS 61000.3.6 contains several alternative methods for some allocation methods and this may create conflict between utilities and consumers if they use different methods to determine the harmonic allocation. Some techniques are presented incompletely with references to documents which are not readily available in Australia and this might handicap the infrequent user. Some of the assessment methods given are complex and time-consuming and it is not clear that this attention to detail is warranted in Australia yet. This Section contains recommended practices chosen from the Standard. Preference was given to practices which were technically sound and allowed the maximum harmonic capability of the power system to be used with some margin for uncertainties.Some new analysis methods had to be developed to allow straightforward calculation of acceptable accuracy without requiring access to harmonic loadflow programs. The assessment methods were revised to reduce the measurement periods and the amount of data to be analysed. Appendix B describes the relationship of this Section to AS/NZS 61000.3.6. It is acknowledged that, as experience grows and a wider variety of situations is encountered, modifications will be needed to provide stricter conformance with the Standard, and a corresponding increase in complexity.

First published as HB 264-2003.

AS 2279.2-1991 Disturbances in mains supply networks - Limitation of harmonics caused by industrial equipment

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