• I.S. EN 1997-2:2007

    Current The latest, up-to-date edition.

    EUROCODE 7 - GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN - PART 2: GROUND INVESTIGATION AND TESTING

    Available format(s):  Hardcopy, PDF

    Language(s):  English

    Published date:  01-01-2007

    Publisher:  National Standards Authority of Ireland

    For Harmonized Standards, check the EU site to confirm that the Standard is cited in the Official Journal.
    Only cited Standards give presumption of conformance to New Approach Directives/Regulations.

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Foreword
    Section 1 - General
      1.1 Scope
           1.1.1 Scope of Eurocode 7
           1.1.2 Scope of EN 1997-2
      1.2 Normative references
      1.3 Assumptions
      1.4 Distinction between Principles and Application Rules
      1.5 Definitions
           1.5.1 Terms common to all Eurocodes
           1.5.2 Terms common to Eurocode 7
           1.5.3 Specific definitions used in EN 1997-2
      1.6 Test results and derived values
      1.7 The link between EN 1997-1 and EN 1997-2
      1.8 Symbols and Units
    Section 2 - Planning of ground investigations
      2.1 Objectives
           2.1.1 General
           2.1.2 Ground
           2.1.3 Construction materials
           2.1.4 Groundwater
      2.2 Sequence of ground investigations
      2.3 Preliminary investigations
      2.4 Design investigations
           2.4.1 Field investigations
           2.4.2 Laboratory tests
      2.5 Controlling and monitoring
    Section 3 - Soil and rock sampling and groundwater measurements
      3.1 General
      3.2 Sampling by drilling
      3.3 Sampling by excavation
      3.4 Soil sampling
           3.4.1 Categories of sampling methods and laboratory
                  quality classes of samples
           3.4.2 Soil identification
           3.4.3 Planning of soil sampling
           3.4.4 Handling, transport and storing of samples
      3.5 Rock sampling
           3.5.1 Categories of sampling methods
           3.5.2 Rock identification
           3.5.3 Planning of rock sampling
           3.5.4 Handling, transport and storing of samples
      3.6 Groundwater measurements in soils and rocks
           3.6.1 General
           3.6.2 Planning and execution of the measurements
           3.6.3 Evaluation of results of groundwater measurements
    Section 4 - Field tests in soil and rock
      4.1 General
      4.2 General requirements
           4.2.1 Planning a specific test programme
           4.2.2 Execution
           4.2.3 Evaluation
      4.3 Cone penetration and piezocone penetration tests
           (CPT, CPTU, CPTM)
           4.3.1 Objectives
           4.3.2 Specific requirements
           4.3.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.3.4 Use of test results and derived values
      4.4 Pressuremeter tests (PMT)
           4.4.1 Objectives
           4.4.2 Specific requirements
           4.4.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.4.4 Use of test results and derived values
      4.5 Flexible dilatometer test (FDT)
           4.5.1 Objectives
           4.5.2 Specific requirements
           4.5.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.5.4 Use of test results and derived values
      4.6 Standard penetration test (SPT)
           4.6.1 Objectives
           4.6.2 Specific requirements
           4.6.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.6.4 Use of test results and derived values
      4.7 Dynamic probing tests (DP)
           4.7.1 Objectives
           4.7.2 Specific requirements
           4.7.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.7.4 Use of test results and derived values
      4.8 Weight sounding test (WST)
           4.8.1 Objectives
           4.8.2 Specific requirements
           4.8.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.8.4 Use of test results and derived values
      4.9 Field vane test (FVT)
           4.9.1 Objectives
           4.9.2 Specific requirements
           4.9.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.9.4 Use of test results and derived values
      4.10 Flat dilatometer test (DMT)
           4.10.1 Objectives
           4.10.2 Specific requirements
           4.10.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.10.4 Use of test results and derived values
      4.11 Plate loading test (PLT)
           4.11.1 Objectives
           4.11.2 Specific requirements
           4.11.3 Evaluation of test results
           4.11.4 Use of test results and derived values
    Section 5 - Laboratory tests on soil and rock
      5.1 General
      5.2 General requirements for laboratory tests
           5.2.1 General requirements
           5.2.2 Procedures, equipment and presentation
           5.2.3 Evaluation of test results
      5.3 Preparation of soil specimens for testing
           5.3.1 Objective
           5.3.2 Requirements
      5.4 Preparation of rock specimens for testing
           5.4.1 Objective
           5.4.2 Requirements
      5.5 Tests for classification, identification and description
           of soil
           5.5.1 General
           5.5.2 Requirements for all classification tests
           5.5.3 Water content determination
           5.5.4 Bulk density determination
           5.5.5 Particle density determination
           5.5.6 Particle size analysis
           5.5.7 Consistency limits determination
           5.5.8 Determination of the density index of granular soil
           5.5.9 Soil dispersibility determination
           5.5.10 Frost susceptibility
      5.6 Chemical testing of soil and groundwater
           5.6.1 Requirements for all chemical tests
           5.6.2 Organic content determination
           5.6.3 Carbonate content determination
           5.6.4 Sulfate content determination
           5.6.5 pH value determination (acidity and alkalinity)
           5.6.6 Chloride content determination
      5.7 Strength index testing of soil
           5.7.1 Objective
           5.7.2 Requirements
           5.7.3 Use of test results
      5.8 Strength testing of soil
           5.8.1 Objective and scope
           5.8.2 General requirements
           5.8.3 Evaluation and use of test results
           5.8.4 Unconfined compression test
           5.8.5 Unconsolidated, undrained triaxial compression test
           5.8.6 Consolidated triaxial compression test
           5.8.7 Consolidated direct shear box tests
      5.9 Compressibility and deformation testing of soil
           5.9.1 General
           5.9.2 Oedometer compressibility testing
           5.9.3 Triaxial deformability testing
      5.10 Compaction testing of soil
           5.10.1 Scope
           5.10.2 Compaction tests
           5.10.3 California Bearing ratio (CBR) test
      5.11 Permeability testing of soil
           5.11.1 Objective
           5.11.2 Requirements
           5.11.3 Evaluation and use of test results
      5.12 Tests for classification of rocks
           5.12.1 General
           5.12.2 Requirements for all classification tests
           5.12.3 Rock identification and description
           5.12.4 Water content determination
           5.12.5 Density and porosity determination
      5.13 Swelling testing of rock material
           5.13.1 General
           5.13.2 General requirements
           5.13.3 Evaluation of test results
           5.13.4 Swelling pressure index under zero volume change
           5.13.5 Swelling strain index for radially-confined specimens
                  with axial surcharge
           5.13.6 Swelling strain developed in unconfined rock specimen
      5.14 Strength testing of rock material
           5.14.1 General
           5.14.2 Requirements for all strength tests
           5.14.3 Evaluation of test results
           5.14.4 Uniaxial compression and deformability test
           5.14.5 Point load test
           5.14.6 Direct shear test
           5.14.7 Brazil test
           5.14.8 Triaxial compression test
    Section 6 - Ground investigation report
      6.1 General requirements
      6.2 Presentation of geotechnical information
      6.3 Evaluation of geotechnical information
      6.4 Establishment of derived values
    Annex A (informative) - List of test results of geotechnical
            test standards
    Annex B (informative) - Planning of geotechnical investigations
    Annex C (informative) - Example of groundwater pressure derivations
            based on a model and long term measurements
    Annex D (informative) - Cone and piezocone penetration tests
    Annex E (informative) - Pressure meter test
    Annex F (informative) - Standard penetration test
    Annex G (informative) - Dynamic probing test
    Annex H (informative) - Weight sounding test
    Annex I (informative) - Field vane test
    Annex J (informative) - Flat dilatometer test Example of correlations
            between E[OED] and DMT results
    Annex K (informative) - Plate loading test
    Annex L (informative) - Detailed information on preparation of soil
            specimens for testing
    Annex M (informative) - Detailed information on tests for
            classification, identification and description of soil
    Annex N (informative) - Detailed information on chemical testing
            of soil
    Annex O (informative) - Detailed information on strength index
            testing of soil
    Annex P (informative) - Detailed information on strength testing
            of soil
    Annex Q (informative) - Detailed information on compressibility
            testing of soil
    Annex R (informative) - Detailed information on compaction testing
            of soil
    Annex S (informative) - Detailed information on permeability testing
            of soil
    Annex T (informative) - Preparation of specimen for testing on rock
            material
    Annex U (informative) - Classification testing of rock material
    Annex V (informative) - Swelling testing of rock material
    Annex W (informative) - Strength testing of rock material
    Annex X (informative) - Bibliography

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Gives rules supplementary to EN 1997-1 related to: (a) planning and reporting of ground investigations; (b) general requirements for a number of commonly used laboratory and field tests; (c) interpretation and evaluation of test results; (d) derivation of values of geotechnical parameters and coefficients.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Development Note Supersedes I.S. ENV 1997-2 and I.S. ENV 1997-3. (09/2007)
    Document Type Standard
    Publisher National Standards Authority of Ireland
    Status Current
    Supersedes

    Standards Referencing This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    DIN 4094-1:2002-06 SUBSOIL - FIELD INVESTIGATIONS - PART 1: CONE PENETRATION TESTS
    BS 5930:1981 Code of practice for site investigations
    EN ISO/TS 17892-12 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 12: DETERMINATION OF ATTERBERG LIMITS
    ASTM D 422 : 1963 : R2002 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
    SN 670816 : 1964 METERIAUX PIERREUX; SEDIMENTOMETRIE PAR LA METHODE DE L'AREOMETRE
    EN ISO/TS 17892-10 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 10: DIRECT SHEAR TESTS
    EN ISO 22476-1:2012/AC:2013 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 1: Electrical cone and piezocone penetration test - Technical Corrigendum 1 (ISO 22476-1:2012/Cor 1:2013)
    NFP 94 091 : 2001 PR SOIL: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - SWELLING TEST WITH OEDOMETER - DETERMINATION OF DEFORMATIONS BY LOADING SEVERAL TEST PIECES
    NFP 94 072 : 1995 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY VANE TEST
    EN ISO 22476-2:2005/A1:2011 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - FIELD TESTING - PART 2: DYNAMIC PROBING (ISO 22476-2:2005)
    NFP 1994 071-1 : 1994 SOIL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DIRECT SHEAR TEST WITH SHEAR BOX APPARATUS - PART 1: DIRECT SHEAR
    NFP 94 053 : 1991 SOILS INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF DENSITY OF FINE SOILS - CUTTING CURB, MOULD AND WATER IMMERSION METHODS
    EN ISO 22476-5:2012 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 5: Flexible dilatometer test (ISO 22476-5:2012)
    CEN ISO/TS 22476-11:2005 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 11: Flat dilatometer test (ISO 22476-11:2005)
    NFP 94 054 : 1991 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE DENSITY - PYCNOMETER METHOD
    BS 1377-7:1990 Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes Shear strength tests (total stress)
    XP P94 041 : 1995 XP SOIL: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - GRANULOMETRIC DESCRIPTION - WET SIEVING METHOD
    EN ISO/TS 17892-8 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 8: UNCONSOLIDATED UNDRAINED TRIAXIAL TEST
    DIN 18125-1:2010-07 SOIL, INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF DENSITY OF SOIL - PART 1: LABORATORY TESTS
    NFP 94 055 : 1993 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF THE ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT - SOIL CHEMICAL TEST
    SN 670340 : 1959
    NEN 6743-1 : 2006 GEOTECHNICS - CALCULATION METHOD FOR BEARING CAPACITY OF PILE FOUNDATION - COMPRESSION PILES
    NFP 94 078 : 1997 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTS - CBR AFTER IMMERSION - IMMEDIATE CBR - IMMEDIATE BEARING RATIO - MEASUREMENT ON SAMPLE COMPACTED IN CBR MOULD
    NFP 94 051 : 1993 SOIL: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF ATTERBERG'S LIMITS - LIQUID LIMIT TEST USING CASSAGRANDE APPARATUS - PLASTIC LIMIT TEST ON ROLLED THREAD
    CEN ISO/TS 22476-10:2005 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 10: Weight sounding test (ISO/TS 22476-10:2005)
    DIN 18122-1:1997-07 SOIL, INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - CONSISTENCY LIMITS - PART 1: DETERMINATION OF LIQUID LIMIT AND PLASTIC LIMIT
    DIN 18125-2:2011-03 SOIL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF DENSITY OF SOIL - PART 2: FIELD TESTS
    EN ISO/TS 17892-9 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 9: CONSOLIDATED TRIAXIAL COMPRESSION TESTS ON WATER SATURATED SOIL
    SN 670345 : 1959
    ASTM D 3080 : 2004 Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions
    BS 1377-9:1990 Methods for test for soils for civil engineering purposes In-situ tests
    ASTM D 854 : 2014 : REDLINE Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer (Withdrawn 2023)
    BS 1377-5:1990 Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes Compressibility, permeability and durability tests
    BS 812-118:1988 Testing aggregates Methods for determination of sulphate content
    CEN ISO/TS 17892-1:2004 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Laboratory testing of soil - Part 1: Determination of water content (ISO/TS 17892-1:2004)
    DIN 18124:2011-04 SOIL, INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF DENSITY OF SOLID PARTICLES - CAPILLARY PYKNOMETER, WIDE MOUTH PYCNOMETER, GAS PYCNOMETER
    EN ISO 22476-7:2012 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 7: Borehole jack test (ISO 22476-7:2012)
    XP P94 047 : 98 XP SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF THE ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT - IGNITION METHOD
    EN ISO/TS 17892-4 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 4: DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
    DIN 18122-2:2000-09 SOIL - INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - PART 2: DETERMINATION OF THE SHRINKAGE LIMIT
    EN ISO/TS 17892-3 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 3: DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE DENSITY - PYCNOMETER METHOD
    BS 1377-3:1990 Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes Chemical and electro-chemical tests
    DIN V 1054-100:1996-04 BAUGRUND - SICHERHEITSNACHWEISE IM ERD- UND GRUNDBAU - BERECHNUNG NACH DEM KONZEPT MIT TEILSICHERHEITSBEIWERTEN
    EN ISO 22476-4:2012 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 4: Ménard pressuremeter test (ISO 22476-4:2012)
    NFP 94 056 : 1996 SOIL: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - GRANULOMETRIC ANALYSIS - DRY SIEVING METHOD AFTER WASHING
    PREN ISO 22476-9 : DRAFT 2009 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - FIELD TESTING - PART 9: FIELD VANE TEST
    EN ISO 14689-1 : 2003 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ROCK - PART 1: IDENTIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION
    ASTM D 2974 : 2014 : REDLINE Standard Test Methods for Moisture, Ash, and Organic Matter of Peat and Other Organic Soils
    NFP 1994 071-2 : 1994 SOIL: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DIRECT SHEAR TEST WITH SHEAR BOX APPARATUS - PART 2: CYCLIC TEST
    SN 670321 : 1994 ESSAIS SUR LES SOLS - ESSAI DE GONFLEMENT AU GEL ET ESSAI CRB APRES DEGEL (CRB<(INDEX)F>)
    DIN 18123:2011-04 SOIL, INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF GRAIN-SIZE DISTRIBUTION
    NFP 94 052-1 : 1995 SOIL: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - ATTERBERG LIMIT DETERMINATION - PART 1: LIQUID LIMIT - CONE PENETROMETER METHOD
    BS 1377-4:1990 Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes Compaction-related tests
    EN ISO/TS 17892-5 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 5: INCREMENTAL LOADING OEDOMETER TEST
    DIN 18121-2:2012-02 SOIL, INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - WATERCONTENT - PART 2: DETERMINATION BY RAPID METHODS
    ASTM D 2435 : 2004 Standard Test Methods for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Soils Using Incremental Loading
    EN ISO 22476-3:2005/A1:2011 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - FIELD TESTING - PART 3: STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (ISO 22476-3:2005)
    EN ISO/TS 17892-7 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 7: UNCONFINED COMPRESSION TEST ON FINE GRAINED SOILS
    NS 8017 : 1ED 1991 GEOTECHNICAL TESTING - LABORATORY METHODS - DETERMINATION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONSOLIDATION PROPERTIES BY ODOMETER TESTING - METHOD USING INCREMENTAL LOADING
    DIN 1054:2010-12 Subsoil - Verification of the safety of earthworks and foundations - Supplementary rules to DIN EN 1997-1
    EN 1997-1:2004/A1:2013 EUROCODE 7: GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN - PART 1: GENERAL RULES
    NFP 94 093 : 2014 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF THE COMPACTION REFERENCE VALUES OF A SOIL TYPE - STANDARD PROCTOR TEST
    SN 670810C : 1986
    EN ISO/TS 17892-6 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 6: FALL CONE TEST
    EN ISO/TS 17892-11 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 11: DETERMINATION OF PERMEABILITY BY CONSTANT AND FALLING HEAD
    EN ISO 22476-12:2009 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 12: Mechanical cone penetration test (CPTM) (ISO 22476-12:2009)
    NFP 94 048 : 1996 SOIL: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF THE CARBONATE CONTENT - CALCIMETER METHOD
    EN ISO 22475-1:2006 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Sampling methods and groundwater measurements - Part 1: Technical principles for execution (ISO 22475-1:2006)
    EN 1990:2002/A1:2005/AC:2010 EUROCODE - BASIS OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN
    BS 1377-8:1990 Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes Shear strength tests (effective stress)
    EN ISO/TS 17892-2 : 2004 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL - PART 2: DETERMINATION OF DENSITY OF FINE GRAINED SOIL
    BS 1377-2:1990 Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes Classification tests
    NFP 94 059 : 2000 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF MINIMAL AND MAXIMAL DENSITY OF COHESION LESS SOILS
    NFP 1994 074 : 1994 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - SHEAR STRENGTH TESTS WITH REVOLVING TRIAXIAL TEST APPARATUS - APPARATUS - PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMENS - UNCONSOLIDATED AND UNDRAINED (UU) TEST - CONSOLIDATED AND UNDRAINED (CU+U) TEST WITH MEASUREMENT OF THE INTERSTITIAL PRESSURE - CONSOLIDATED, DRAINED (CD) TEST
    DIN 18129:2011-07 Soil, investigation and testing - Determination of lime content
    XP P94 090-1 : 97 XP SOIL: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - OEDOMETRIC TEST - PART 1: COMPRESSIBILITY TEST ON QUASI SATURATED FINE GRAINED SOIL WITH LOADING IN INCREMENTS
    SN 670335 : 1960 ESSAIS; POIDS SPECIFIQUE APPARENT; METHODE 'DU SABLE'
    NFP 1994 070 : 1994 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - SHEAR STRENGTH TESTS WITH TRIAXIAL TEST APPARATUS - GENERALITIES - DEFINITIONS
    DIN 4094-3:2002-01 SUBSOIL - FIELD TESTING - PART 3: DYNAMIC PROBING
    NFP 94 050 : 1995 SOILS: INVESTIGATION AND TESTING - DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE CONTENT - OVEN DRYING METHOD
    ASTM D 4542 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Test Methods for Pore Water Extraction and Determination of the Soluble Salt Content of Soils by Refractometer
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