1. Overview
1.1 Scope
1.2 Purpose
2. Normative references
3. Definitions
3.1 Definitions
3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations
4. Basic application concepts
4.1 Standby versus cycling batteries
4.2 Cycle life
4.3 Charge efficiency
5. Lead-acid technology
5.1 General
5.2 Lead-acid battery cell reactions
5.3 Lead-acid cell construction
5.4 Selection criteria for lead-acid batteries in cycling
applications
6. Operating issues
6.1 Cycling applications
6.2 Charging energy limitations
6.3 Discharge rate and depth of discharge
6.4 Battery sizing issues
6.5 End of battery life
7. Charge management
7.1 General
7.2 Charging of lead-acid batteries
7.3 Charging considerations for standby batteries
7.4 Charging considerations for cycling batteries
8. Maintenance and testing
8.1 General
8.2 Types of battery system maintenance
8.3 Types of battery system tests
8.4 Factors influencing battery maintenance and testing
procedures
8.5 The existing battery maintenance and testing standards
8.6 The need for new maintenance and testing standards
9. Alternative electricity storage technologies
9.1 General
9.2 Nickel-cadmium
9.3 Nickel-metal hydride
9.4 Lithium-ion
9.5 Sodium-sulfur
9.6 Flow technologies
9.7 Non-battery storage technologies
9.8 Future outlook
Annex A (informative) Bibliography
Annex B (informative) Lead-acid cell theory and construction