1 Scope and object
2 Normative references
2.1 International standards
2.2 Other International references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
4.1 General classification
4.2 Energy range classification
4.2.1 Low energy in vivo monitoring (range from 10 keV to
200 keV)
4.2.2 High energy in vivo monitoring (range from 100 keV to
3 MeV)
4.3 Specificity of the measurement
4.3.1 Type 1 - Nuclide specific, spatially specific with
very low background
4.3.2 Type 2 - Nuclide specific, spatially specific with
low background
4.3.3 Type 3 - Nuclide specific
4.3.4 Type 4 - Non-nuclide and non-spatial specific
5 General
5.1 General description of the instrument
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Detection assembly
5.1.3 Measurement assembly
5.1.4 Auxiliary equipment
5.1.5 Ease of operation
5.1.6 Ease of decontamination
5.1.7 Size of subject
5.2 Measurement method
5.3 Energy range
5.4 Background
5.5 Measurement range
5.6 Minimum detectable activity
6 Characteristics of equipment for low-energy emitter measurement
6.1 Energy range (10 keV to 200 keV)
6.2 Minimum detectable activity
6.3 Ranges of measurement of activity
6.4 Energy resolution
6.5 Integral non-linearity
6.6 Natural background level
6.7 Reference radiation response
7 Characteristics of equipment for high-energy emitter
measurements 100 ke to 3 MeV
7.1 Minimum detection activity
7.2 Ranges of measurement
7.3 Energy resolution
7.4 Integral non-linearity
7.5 Natural background level
7.6 Reference radiation response
7.7 Maximum measurable activity
7.8 Warm-up time
7.9 Measurement time
8 Performance requirements and test procedures for low-energy emitter
measurements
8.1 General test procedures
8.1.1 Nature of tests
8.1.2 Tests performed under standard test conditions
8.1.3 Tests performed with variation of influence quantities
8.2 Statistical fluctuations
8.3 Reference phantom and sources
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 Primary phantoms
8.3.3 Secondary phantoms (radioactive sources)
8.3.4 Background phantoms
8.4 Radiation characteristics
8.4.1 Relative intrinsic error
8.4.2 Linearity (in relation to activity)
8.4.3 Energy range determination
8.4.4 Determination of the integral non-linearity (INL)
error
8.4.5 Determination of the efficiency to Americium-241
59,54 keV gamma
8.4.6 Background
8.4.7 Determination of minimum detectable activity
8.4.8 Determination of the maximum count rate
8.4.9 Determination of stability
8.4.10 Energy resolution measurement
8.5 Environmental performance characteristics
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Electromagnetic compatibility
8.5.3 Ambient temperature
8.5.4 Relative humidity
8.5.5 Magnetic fields
8.5.6 Atmospheric pressure
9 Performance requirements and test procedures for high-energy emitter
measurements
9.1 General test procedures
9.1.1 Nature of tests
9.1.2 Tests performed under standard test conditions
9.1.3 Tests performed with variation of influence quantities
9.2 Statistical fluctuations
9.3 Reference phantom and sources
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Primary phantoms
9.3.3 Secondary phantoms (radioactive sources)
9.3.4 Background phantoms
9.4 Radiation characteristics
9.4.1 Relative intrinsic error
9.4.2 Linearity
9.4.3 Response to other radio nuclides
9.4.4 Energy range determination
9.4.5 Determination of the integral non-linearity (INL) error
9.4.6 Determination of the efficiency to Caesium-137
661,7 keV gamma
9.4.7 Determination of the efficiency to Iodine-131
9.4.8 Cobalt-60 efficiency determination
9.4.9 Background
9.4.10 Determination of minimum detection limit
9.4.11 Determination of the maximum count rate
9.4.12 Determination of stability
9.4.13 Energy resolution measurement
9.5 Environmental performance characteristics
9.5.1 General
9.5.2 Electromagnetic compatibility
9.5.3 Ambient temperature
9.5.4 Relative humidity
9.5.5 Magnetic fields
9.5.6 Atmospheric pressure
10 Documentation
10.1 Type test report
10.2 Certificate
10.3 Operation and maintenance manual
Annex A (informative) A guide to the number of independent
instrument readings required to establish a true difference
in indication (relevant for normal distribution)
Annex B (normative) Additional requirements and test procedures for
transportable and portable assemblies
Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to International
publications with their corresponding European publications
Bibliography