NEN EN 12473 : 2014

Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Corrosion principles of buried or immersed metals
      4.1 The nature of metallic corrosion
      4.2 Polarization
5 Principles of cathodic protection
6 The application of cathodic protection
      6.1 Sacrificial anode method
      6.2 Impressed current method
      6.3 Hybrid systems
7 Determination of level of cathodic protection
      7.1 Measurement of protection level
      7.2 Reference electrodes
      7.3 Potentials of reference electrodes
      7.4 Potential measurement
8 Guidance for protection
      8.1 General
      8.2 Steel
      8.3 Other metallic materials
9 Design considerations
      9.1 Introduction
      9.2 Technical and operating data
      9.3 Surfaces to be protected
      9.4 Protective coatings
      9.5 Availability of electrical power
      9.6 Weight limitations
      9.7 Adjacent structures
      9.8 Installation considerations
      9.9 Current demand
10 Effect of environmental factors on current demand
      10.1 Introduction
      10.2 Dissolved oxygen
      10.3 Sea currents
      10.4 Calcareous deposits
      10.5 Temperature
      10.6 Salinity
      10.7 pH
      10.8 Marine fouling
      10.9 Effect of depth
      10.10 Seasonal variations and storms
11 Secondary effects of cathodic protection
      11.1 Alkalinity
      11.2 Environmentally-assisted cracking
      11.3 Chlorine
      11.4 Stray currents and Interference effects
12 The use of cathodic protection in association with
      surface coatings
      12.1 Introduction
      12.2 Coating selection
      12.3 Coating breakdown
Annex A (normative) Reference electrodes
Bibliography

Defines the general principles of cathodic protection when applied in seawater, brackish waters and marine mud.