NEN EN 13278 : 2013

Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
   3.1 Open fronted gas-fired independent space heaters
   3.2 Gases
   3.3 Appliance construction
        3.3.1 The gas circuit
        3.3.2 Burner
        3.3.3 Combustion products circuit
        3.3.4 Auxiliary equipment
   3.4 Adjusters equipment
   3.5 Appliance performance
        3.5.1 gas rates
        3.5.2 gas combustion
   3.6 Marking of the appliance and packaging
4 Classification of appliances
   4.1 Classification according to the nature of the gases
        used (categories)
        4.1.1 Classification of gases
        4.1.2 Appliance categories
   4.2 Classification according to the method of evacuation
        the products of combustion
5 Constructional requirements
   5.1 General
        5.1.1 Conversion to different gases
        5.1.2 Materials and method of construction
        5.1.3 Accessibility for use and maintenance
        5.1.4 Connections
        5.1.5 Soundness of the gas circuit
        5.1.6 Soundness of the combustion circuit (Type B[1]
               appliances)
        5.1.7 Evacuation of combustion products
        5.1.8 Electrical equipment
        5.1.9 Safety in the event of interruption and
               restoration of the auxiliary energy
        5.1.10 Guarding
   5.2 Adjusting, control and safety devices
        5.2.1 General
        5.2.2 Gas rate adjusters
        5.2.3 Shut-off valves
        5.2.4 Flame supervision devices
        5.2.5 Pressure governors
        5.2.6 Automatic burner control system
        5.2.7 Thermostats
        5.2.8 Spillage monitoring system
   5.3 Ignition devices
        5.3.1 General
        5.3.2 Ignition burners
   5.4 Evacuation of flue gases (Type B[14] appliances only)
   5.5 Flame supervision systems (Appliances with
        automatic burner systems only)
   5.6 Ignition burner or start-gas flame establishment
        5.6.1 Appliances with non-automatic burner
               systems
        5.6.2 Appliances with automatic burner systems
   5.7 Main flame establishment
        5.7.1 General
        5.7.2 Appliances with non-automatic burner systems
        5.7.3 Appliances with automatic burner systems
        5.7.4 Direct establishment of the main flame
   5.8 Burners
        5.8.1 General
        5.8.2 Pan burners
   5.9 Motors and fans
        5.9.1 Fan to assist in the evacuation of flue gases
   5.10 Pressure test points
   5.11 Additional requirements for appliances where a fan is
        supplied for outdoor installation and is fitted to
        assist the evacuation of flue gases
        5.11.1 General
        5.11.2 Access panels and doors
        5.11.3 Dimensions of openings
        5.11.4 Fixing screws
6 Operational requirements
   6.1 General
   6.2 Soundness
        6.2.1 Soundness of the gas circuit
        6.2.2 Soundness of the combustion products circuit
               and correct evacuation of combustion products
        6.2.3 Escape of unburnt gas
   6.3 Heat inputs
        6.3.1 Nominal heat input
        6.3.2 Start gas heat input
        6.3.3 Reduced rated
   6.4 Temperature of various parts of the appliance
        6.4.1 Temperature of external parts of the appliance
        6.4.2 Temperature of components
        6.4.3 Temperature of floor, shelf and walls
   6.5 Ignition and cross-lighting and flame stability
        6.5.1 Ignition and cross-lighting (for all
               appliances)
        6.5.2 Flame stability
        6.5.3 Fluctuation of auxiliary energy
   6.6 Pressure governors
   6.7 Combustion
        6.7.1 CO concentration for all appliances
        6.7.2 Measurement of oxides of nitrogen, NO[x],
               (all appliances)
   6.8 Sooting
        6.8.1 Cold condition
        6.8.2 Hot condition
        6.8.3 Long cycle condition
   6.9 Spillage monitoring system
        6.9.1 Atmosphere sensing device (type B[11AS],
               and, B[14AS] appliances only)
        6.9.2 Automatic burner control system
   6.10 Flame supervision device
        6.10.1 Thermoelectric device
        6.10.2 Automatic burner control system
   6.11 Flue gas monitoring device (For Type B[14]
        appliances only)
        6.11.1 General
        6.11.2 Voltage reduction
        6.11.3 Restricted flue
   6.12 Efficiency
7 Test methods
   7.1 General
       7.1.1 Characteristics of test gases: reference and
             limit gases
       7.1.2 Conditions for preparation of the test gases
       7.1.3 Practical application of test gases
       7.1.4 Test pressures
       7.1.5 General test conditions
   7.2 Soundness
       7.2.1 Soundness of the gas circuit
       7.2.2 Soundness of the combustion products circuit
             and correct evacuation of combustion products
       7.2.3 Escape of unburnt gas
   7.3 Heat inputs
       7.3.1 Nominal heat input
       7.3.2 Calibrated injector rate of appliances without
             gas adjusters or where these adjusters are put
             out of action
       7.3.3 Performance of gas rate adjusters for ungoverned
             appliances
       7.3.4 Start-gas heat input
       7.3.5 Reduced rate
   7.4 Temperature of various parts of the appliance
       7.4.1 General
       7.4.2 Temperature of external parts of the appliance
       7.4.3 Temperature of components
       7.4.4 Temperature of floor, shelf and walls
   7.5 Ignition, cross-lighting and flame stability
       7.5.1 Ignition and cross-lighting
       7.5.2 Flame stability
   7.6 Pressure governors
       7.6.1 Operational pressure governor
       7.6.2 Pressure governor out of service
   7.7 Combustion
       7.7.1 General
       7.7.2 Tests under limit conditions
       7.7.3 Supplementary tests under special conditions
       7.7.4 Measurement of oxides of nitrogen (all
             appliances)
   7.8 Sooting
       7.8.1 General
       7.8.2 Determination of the smoke number
       7.8.3 Test conditions
   7.9 Spillage monitoring system
       7.9.1 General
       7.9.2 Atmosphere sensing device (type B[11AS]
             and B[14AS] appliances)
       7.9.3 Combustion products discharge safety device
             (type B[11BS] and B[14BS] appliances)
   7.10 Flame supervision device
        7.10.1 Thermoelectric device
        7.10.2 Automatic burner control systems
   7.11 Flue gas monitoring device (For Type B[14]
        appliances only)
        7.11.1 General
        7.11.2 Voltage reduction
        7.11.3 Restricted flue
   7.12 Efficiency
        7.12.1 Installation and supply to appliances
        7.12.2 Determination of efficiency
8 Marking and instructions
   8.1 Marking
       8.1.1 Marking of appliance
       8.1.2 Spillage test label
       8.1.3 Other marking
       8.1.4 Warning labels
       8.1.5 Marking of the packaging
       8.1.6 Utilisation of symbols on the appliance and
             packaging
   8.2 Instructions
       8.2.1 General
       8.2.2 Technical instructions for installations and
             adjustment
       8.2.3 Instructions for use and maintenance
       8.2.4 Additional information
Annex A (informative) National situations
      A.1 Categories listed in the body of the standard
          marketed in the different countries
      A.2 Appliance supply pressures
      A.3 Special categories marketed nationality or
          locally
      A.4 Test gases for the special gases distributed
          nationally or locally
      A.5 Gas connections in the various countries
      A.6 Flue connections (see 5.1.7)
Annex B (normative) Equivalence rules
      B.1 Conversion to categories within a restricted
          Wobbe Index range
      B.2 Conversion to categories within a identical
          Wobbe Index range
      B.3 Conversion of categories within a wider Wobbe
          Index range
Annex C (informative) Gas valve arrangements
Annex D (informative) Means of identification of the types
        of gas in force in the various countries
Annex E (normative) Apparatus for the determination of the
        smoke number
      E.1 Pump
      E.2 Sampling tube
      E.3 Filter paper
      E.4 Grey scale
Annex F (informative) Symbols and abbreviations
Annex G (normative) Special national conditions
      G.1 Belgium
Annex H (normative) Calculation of conversions of NO[x]
Annex I (normative) Dress guards
      I.1 Scope
      I.2 Requirements
      I.3 Tests
Annex ZA (informative) A-deviations
      ZA.1 A-deviations
Annex ZB (informative) Clauses of this European Standard
         addressing essential requirements or other
         provisions of EU Directive
Bibliography

Defines the requirements and test methods for the construction, safety, marking and rational use of energy of open fronted gas-fired independent space heaters with and without a fan to assist with the transportation of flue gases, hereafter referred to as appliances.