PREN 15440 : DRAFT 2009

Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviations
5 Principle
6 Determination of biomass content
    6.1 Sampling
    6.2 Applicable methods
    6.3 Selection of methods for the determination of the
         biomass content
7 Calculation
8 Expression of results
    8.1 Example for biomass carbon values
    8.2 Performance characteristics
         8.2.1 Practical example of usage of the data from
                annex G
9 Test report
Annex A (normative) - Determination of biomass content using
        the selective dissolution method
    A.1 Introduction
    A.2 Principle
    A.3 Symbols
    A.4 Reagents and materials
    A.5 Apparatus
    A.6 Procedure for the determination of the biomass content
         expressed in percent by weight
         A.6.1 General
         A.6.2 Procedure
         A.6.3 Calculation of the results
    A.7 Procedure for the determination of calorific value of
         the biomass and non-biomass fraction
         A.7.1 Procedure
         A.7.2 Calculation of the results
    A.8 Procedure for the determination of the total carbon
         content of the biomass and non-biomass fraction using
         the selective dissolution method
         A.8.1 General
         A.8.2 Procedure
         A.8.3 Calculation of the results
Annex B (normative) - Determination of biomass content using
         the manual sorting method
    B.1 Introduction
    B.2 Principle
    B.3 Symbols
    B.4 Apparatus
    B.5 Procedure
         B.5.1 General
         B.5.2 Manual sorting
         B.5.3 Determination of sorting precision
         B.5.4 Calculation of the biomass content
Annex C (normative) - Determination of the biomass content based
         on the [14]C method
    C.1 Introduction
    C.2 Principle
    C.3 Symbols
    C.4 Reagents and materials
    C.5 Procedure for the conversion of the carbon present in
         the sample to a suitable sample for [14]C determination
         C.5.1 General
         C.5.2 Combustion of the sample in a calorimetric bomb
         C.5.3 Combustion of the sample in a tube furnace
         C.5.4 Combustion of the sample in a laboratory scale
                combustion apparatus
    C.6 Measurements
    C.7 Calculation of the results
         C.7.1 Correction factors
         C.7.2 Example for PSM measurements
         C.7.3 Example for BI or AMS measurements
         C.7.4 Example of conversion from biogenic carbon content to
                biomass content
         C.7.5 Example of conversion from biogenic carbon content
                to biomass energy content with a mixed biomass
                fraction
    C.8 Procedure for the [14]C Determination by Proportional
         Scintillation-counter Method (PSM)
         C.8.1 Introduction
         C.8.2 Principle
         C.8.3 Reagents and materials
         C.8.4 Apparatus
         C.8.5 Procedure
         C.8.6 Calculation of the results
   C.9 Procedure for the [14]C Determination by
         Beta-ionisation (BI)
         C.9.1 Introduction
         C.9.2 Principle
         C.9.3 Reagents and materials
         C.9.4 Procedure
         C.9.5 Calculation of the results
   C.10 Procedure for the [14]C Determination by Accelerator
         Mass Spectrometry (AMS)
         C.10.1 Introduction
         C.10.2 Principle
         C.10.3 Reagents and materials
         C.10.4 Apparatus
         C.10.5 Procedure
         C.10.6 Calculation of the results
Annex D (informative) - Limitations of the determination methods
   D.1 General
   D.2 Influence of biodegradability
   D.3 Influence of physical shape and composition of
         materials/particles
Annex E (Informative) Materials considered as CO[2]-neutral
Annex F (Informative) - Performance data
   F.1 QUOVADIS
   F.2 INFA
Bibliography

Defines three normative methods for the determination of the biomass fraction in solid recovered fuel, and when to use each method.