UNE-EN IEC 60193:2019

This International Standard applies to laboratory models of any type of impulse or reaction

hydraulic turbine, storage pump or pump-turbine.

This standard applies to models of prototype machines either with unit power greater than

5 MW or with reference diameter greater than 3 m. Full application of the procedures herein

prescribed is not generally justified for machines with smaller power and size. Nevertheless,

this standard may be used for such machines by agreement between purchaser and supplier.

In this standard, the term "turbine" includes a pump-turbine operating as a turbine and the

term "pump" includes a pump-turbine operating as a pump.

This standard excludes all matters of purely commercial interest, except those inextricably

bound up with the conduct of the tests.

This standard is concerned with neither the structural details of the machines nor the

mechanical properties of their components, so long as these do not affect model performance

or the relationship between model and prototype performances.

This International Standard covers the arrangements for model acceptance tests to be

performed on hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines to determine if the main

hydraulic performance contract guarantees (see 4.2) have been satisfied.

It contains the rules governing test conduct and prescribes measures to be taken if any phase

of the tests is disputed.

The main objectives of this standard are:

to define the terms and quantities used;

to specify methods of testing and of measuring the quantities involved, in order to

ascertain the hydraulic performance of the model;

to specify the methods of computation of results and of comparison with guarantees;

to determine if the contract guarantees, which fall within the scope of this standard, have

been fulfilled;

to define the extent, content and structure of the final report.

The guarantees can be given in one of the following ways:

guarantees for prototype hydraulic performance, computed from model test results

considering scale effects;

guarantees for model hydraulic performance.

Moreover additional performance data (see 4.4) can be needed for the design or the operation

of the prototype of the hydraulic machine. Contrary to the requirements of Clauses 4 to 6

related to main hydraulic performance, the information of these additional data given in

Clause 7 is considered only as recommendation or guidance to the user (see 7.1).

It is particularly recommended that model acceptance tests be performed 635 if the expected field

conditions for acceptance tests (see IEC 60041) would not allow the verification of guarantees

given for the prototype machine.

A transposition method taking into account the model and prototype wall surface roughness

for the performance conversion on pump-turbines, Francis turbines, and axial machines is

described in the IEC 62097 standard. This method requires model and prototype surface

roughness data and is taking into account the shift in nED, QED and PED factors for

determining the transposition of efficiency between model and prototype. However, in the

case of Francis machines with semi-spiral casing and axial machines, the transposition

method has not been fully validated due to a lack of data. In addition, IEC 62097 does not

apply to storage pumps, Pelton turbines, and Dériaz. Therefore, for these and otherwise

specifically agreed upon cases where hydraulically smooth flow conditions are assumed on

the model and the prototype, the transposition formula and procedure given in Annex D and

Annex I can be applied. Applications and limitations of both IEC 60193 and IEC 62097

transposition methods are discussed in Annex E.

The method for performance conversion from model to prototype needs to be clearly defined

in the main hydraulic performance contract.

This standard may also be applied to model tests for other purposes, i.e. comparative tests

and research and development work.

If model acceptance tests have been performed, field tests can be limited to index tests (see

IEC 60041).

If a contradiction is found between this standard and any other standard, this standard shall

prevail.