API 4516 : 1991

Section 1 - Introduction
Section 2 - Symposium
Section 3 - Experimental Design
3.1 General Approach
3.2 Phase II Study
3.3 Phase II Study
Section 4 - Evaluation of Headspace Methodology
4.1 Method Description
      4.1.1 Instrument Conditions
      4.1.2 MHE Quantitation
4.2 Method Detection Limit
4.3 Linearity
      4.3.1 Method Bias
4.4 Other Petroleum Fuels Analysis
4.5 Headspace Analysis of Various Soils
4.6 Conclusions
Section 5 - Evaluation of Purge and Trap Methodology
5.1 Method Description
      5.1.1 Instrument Conditions
      5.1.2 Chromatogram Details
5.2 Method Detection Limit
5.3 Linearity
      5.3.1 Method Bias
5.4 Other Petroleum Products
      5.4.1 Other Petroleum Fuels
      5.4.2 Commercial gasolines
5.5 Purge and Trap Analysis of Various Soils
5.6 Screening Recommendations
5.7 Conclusions
Section 6 - Evaluation of Sampling Techniques
6.1 Stability Study
6.2 Field Study
6.3 Lab Spike Study
Section 7 - Comparison of Purge and Trap to Other Methods
7.1 Comparison to California LUFT Procedures
7.2 Comparison to BTEX (8020), TPH-IR, 8240
Section 8 - Literature Search and References
Appendix A Additional Purge and Trap/FID Chromatograms
Appendix B Sampling and Analytical Procedure for
      Measuring Gasoline Range Organics in Soil
Appendix C Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
      by Capillary Gas Chromatography
List of Tables
2.1 List of Attendees-API Workshop June 9, 1987
2.2 Composition of Gasoline Range Calibration Standard
4.1 FID Method Detection Limit Results-Headspace (HS)
      for Gasoline Range Organics
4.2 PID Method Detection Limit Results - HS for
      Individual Aromatics
4.3 FID Linearity Check Results - HS
4.4 FID Results: Four PS-6 Replicates at 10 ug/g and
      500 ug/g - HS
4.5 PID Results: Four PS-6 Replicates at 10 ug/g and
      500 ug/g - HS
4.6 FID Results of Various Petroleum Fuels - HS
4.7 FID Spike and Recovery Results for PS-6 on Various
      Soil Types - HS
4.8 FID Spike and Recovery Results for PS-6 on Various
      Wet Soils - HS
5.1 Purge and Trap FID Method Detection Limit Results
5.2 Purge and Trap Linearity (10 Component Method
      Standard)
5.3 Results for PS-6 Spikes in Ottawa Sand (Methanol
      Extraction)
5.4 Results for PS-6 Replicates in Ottawa Sand (Direct
      Purge)
5.5 Results for Various Fuels
5.6 Commercial Gasoline Recoveries
5.7 Results for Direct Purge PS-6 Spikes (1.0 ug/g) in
      Various Soils
5.8 Results for Methanol Extraction PS-6 Spikes (50 ug/g)
      in Various Soils
6.1 Results of Stability Study
6.2 Results for Marketing Site Soil B-2/Method Comparisons
6.3 Results for Marketing Site Soil B-3
6.4 Results for Lab Spike Soil - Method Comparisons
7.1 Summary of California LUFT Results
8.1 List of Literature Search and References
List of Figures
4.1 PS-6 gasoline 100 ug/g Headspace (HS)
4.2 Method standard 50 ug/g (HS)
5.1 Method standard 200 ug/L Purge and Trap/FID
5.2 PS-6 gasoline 50 ug/g Methanol extraction; Purge and
      Trap/FID
5.3 PS-6 gasoline 1.0 ug/g Direct Purge and Trap
6.1 Marketing Site Sample B-2 Methanol extraction; Purge
      and Trap/FID

An improved approach to characterizing gasoline-contaminated soils that integrates field sampling and analytical procedures using a field method extraction. This report includes the complete, detailed method and single laboratory validation results.