AS 1892.2-1992

1 - AS 1892.2-1992 PORTABLE LADDERS - TIMBER
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 APPLICATION
7 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
7 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS
7 - 1.4.1 Portable timber ladder
7 - 1.4.2 Domestic ladder
7 - 1.4.3 Industrial ladder
7 - 1.4.4 Single ladder
7 - 1.4.5 Extension ladder
8 - 1.4.6 Single-sided stepladder
8 - 1.4.7 Double-sided stepladder
8 - 1.4.8 Trestle ladder
8 - 1.4.9 Trestle-backed steps
8 - 1.4.10 Special-purpose ladder
8 - 1.4.11 Maximum working length
8 - 1.4.12 Overlap
8 - 1.4.13 Stile
8 - 1.4.14 Rungs and treads
8 - 1.4.15 Top cap
8 - 1.4.16 Step surfaces
8 - 1.4.17 Section
8 - 1.4.18 Duty rating
8 - 1.4.19 Load rating
10 - SECTION 2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
10 - 2.1 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
10 - 2.2 RATINGS
10 - 2.2.1 Duty rating
10 - 2.2.2 Load rating
10 - 2.3 MATERIALS
10 - 2.3.1 General
10 - 2.3.2 Species of timber
10 - 2.3.3 Quality of timber
10 - 2.4 WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH
10 - 2.4.1 General
11 - 2.4.2 Finish
11 - 2.4.3 Fasteners
11 - 2.4.4 Fittings
11 - 2.4.5 Tolerances
11 - 2.5 STILES
11 - 2.5.1 Design
11 - 2.5.2 Manufacture
11 - 2.5.3 Joints in stiles
11 - 2.5.4 Grooving of stiles
11 - 2.5.5 Feet
12 - 2.6 TREADS AND RUNGS
12 - 2.6.1 Shape
12 - 2.6.2 Spacing
12 - 2.7 MARKING
12 - 2.7.1 All ladders
12 - 2.7.2 Double-sided stepladders
12 - 2.7.3 Wire bound ladders
12 - 2.7.4 Labels
13 - SECTION 3 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR SINGLE LADDERS (INCLUDING CLEATED LADDERS)
13 - 3.1 LENGTH
13 - 3.2 STILES
13 - 3.2.1 Distance between stiles
13 - 3.2.2 Dimensions of stiles
13 - 3.3 RUNGS AND CLEATS
13 - 3.3.1 Materials
13 - 3.3.2 Dimensions of rungs and cleats
13 - 3.3.3 Attachment of rungs and cleats to stiles
14 - 3.4 TIES AND THEIR FITTING
14 - 3.4.1 Arrangement
14 - 3.4.2 Material and fixing
15 - SECTION 4 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR EXTENSION LADDERS
15 - 4.1 LENGTH
15 - 4.2 STILES
15 - 4.2.1 Distance between stiles
15 - 4.2.2 Dimensions and overlap
15 - 4.3 RUNGS
15 - 4.3.1 Materials
15 - 4.3.2 Dimensions
15 - 4.3.3 Attachment of rungs to stiles
15 - 4.3.4 Ties and their fitting
15 - 4.4 FITTINGS
15 - 4.4.1 General
15 - 4.4.2 Clutch
15 - 4.4.3 Stop
15 - 4.4.4 Guide brackets
15 - 4.5 ROPE AND PULLEY
15 - 4.5.1 General
15 - 4.5.2 Load
16 - 4.5.3 Rope
16 - 4.5.4 Pulleys
16 - 4.6 WIRE REINFORCEMENT
16 - 4.6.1 General
16 - 4.6.2 Wire
16 - 4.6.3 Fixing
16 - 4.6.4 End anchorage
16 - 4.7 FIBRE-REINFORCED PLASTICS REINFORCEMENT
16 - 4.7.1 General
16 - 4.7.2 FRP rod
16 - 4.7.3 Bonding
16 - 4.7.4 Anchorage
17 - SECTION 5 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR STEPLADDERS
17 - 5.1 LENGTH
17 - 5.2 STILES AND BACKLEGS
17 - 5.2.1 Distance between stiles
17 - 5.2.2 Dimensions of stiles and back legs
17 - 5.2.3 Spread between stiles and back legs
17 - 5.2.4 Battening and bracing of back legs
18 - 5.2.5 Distance between back legs
18 - 5.3 TREADS
18 - 5.3.1 Dimensions
18 - 5.3.2 Location
18 - 5.3.3 Surface finish
18 - 5.3.4 Spacing of treads
18 - 5.3.5 Attachment of treads to stiles
18 - 5.4 BRACING OF TREADS IN INDUSTRIAL STEPLADDERS
18 - 5.5 TOP
18 - 5.6 BACK SUPPORT PLATE
18 - 5.6.1 Industrial stepladders
18 - 5.6.2 Domestic stepladders
18 - 5.7 HINGES
19 - 5.8 TIES AND THEIR FITTING IN INDUSTRIAL STEPLADDERS
19 - 5.8.1 Arrangement
19 - 5.8.2 Material and fixing
20 - SECTION 6 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR PLATFORM STEPLADDERS
20 - 6.1 LENGTH
20 - 6.2 STILES AND BACK LEGS
20 - 6.2.1 Distance between stiles
20 - 6.2.2 Dimensions of stiles and back legs
20 - 6.2.3 Spread between stiles and back legs
20 - 6.2.4 Battening and bracing of back legs
20 - 6.2.5 Distance between back legs
20 - 6.3 TREADS
20 - 6.3.1 Dimensions
21 - 6.3.2 Location
21 - 6.3.3 Surface finish
21 - 6.3.4 Bracing of treads
21 - 6.4 PLATFORM
21 - 6.5 HINGES
21 - 6.6 TIES AND THEIR FITTING
21 - 6.6.1 Arrangement
21 - 6.6.2 Materials and fixing
22 - SECTION 7 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR TRESTLE LADDERS
22 - 7.1 LENGTH
22 - 7.2 STILES
22 - 7.2.1 Distance between stiles
22 - 7.2.2 Dimensions
22 - 7.2.3 Spread between pairs of stiles
22 - 7.3 CROSS BEARERS
22 - 7.3.1 Dimensions
22 - 7.3.2 Spacing of crossbearers
22 - 7.3.3 Attachment of crossbearers to stiles
22 - 7.4 HINGES
23 - 7.5 CHECK BLOCKS
23 - 7.6 TIES AND THEIR FITTING
23 - 7.6.1 Arrangement
23 - 7.6.2 Materials and fixing
24 - SECTION 8 PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS FOR DOMESTIC EXTENSION STEPLADDERS
24 - 8.1 LENGTH
24 - 8.2 STILES
24 - 8.2.1 Distance between stiles
24 - 8.2.2 Dimensions and overlap
24 - 8.2.3 Spread between front stiles and back stiles
24 - 8.3 TREADS AND RUNGS
24 - 8.3.1 Dimensions of treads
24 - 8.3.2 Dimensions of rungs
24 - 8.3.3 Location of treads
24 - 8.3.4 Surface finish
24 - 8.3.5 Attachment of treads and rungs to stiles
24 - 8.3.6 Bracing of treads
25 - 8.4 FITTINGS
25 - 8.4.1 General
25 - 8.4.2 Stop
25 - 8.4.3 Spread between stiles
25 - 8.5 TOP
26 - SECTION 9 TIMBER LADDERS HAVING STILES OF TIMBER OTHER THAN DOUGLAS FIR
26 - 9.1 APPLICATION
26 - 9.2 MATERIALS
26 - 9.3 DIMENSIONS
26 - 9.3.1 Component spacing
26 - 9.3.2 Unreinforced stile dimensions
26 - 9.3.3 Reinforced stile dimensions
27 - APPENDIX A - METHODS OF GRADING TIMBER STILES
27 - A1 SCOPE
27 - A2 VISUAL GRADING
28 - A3 VISUAL GRADING AND PROOF DEFLECTION TESTS METHOD
28 - A3.1 General
28 - A3.2 Visual grading
28 - A3.3 Proof deflection
29 - A4 MECHANICAL STRESS GRADING
31 - APPENDIX B - EXAMPLES OF LABELS USED FOR ADDITIONAL SAFETY WARNINGS
33 - APPENDIX C - DERIVATION OF EQUATIONS FOR EXTREME FIBRE STRESS
33 - C1 GENERAL
33 - C2 EQUATIONS FOR BENDING MOMENT
33 - C2.1 Bending moment due to mass of ladder
33 - C2.2 Bending moment due to the mass of the user
33 - C2.3 Maximum bending moment
33 - C3 EQUATIONS FOR EFFECTIVE SECTION MODULUS
33 - C3.1 Stiles having circular holes for rungs
34 - C3.2 Stile having transverse grooves for treads
34 - C4 DERIVATION OF WORKING EQUATIONS
34 - C4.1 For stiles having circular holes for rungs
34 - C4.2 For stiles having transverse grooves for treads

Sets out the minimum requirements for the materials, design and construction of timber ladders rated for domestic or industrial use. It applies to single, extension, step and trestle ladders as well as to platform step ladders and domestic extension step ladders. Methods for grading timber stiles and examples of labels that may be used to convey safety warnings are provided in appendices.

This Standard sets out the minimum constructional and safety requirements for the design and manufactureof portable ladders with timber stiles.The Standard provides for ladders of two duty ratings, viz 'industrial ladders' and 'domestic ladders', which are assigned minimum load ratings.The Standard does not cover ladder accessories such as ladder levellers, ladder stabilizers or stand-off devices, ladder jacks, or ladder straps or hooks that may be installed on or used in conjunction with ladders.

First published as AS A90-1959.Second edition 1971.Revised and redesignated AS 1688-1974.Revised and redesignated AS 1892.2-1992. First published as AS A90-1959. Second edition 1971. Revised and redesignated AS 1688-1974. Revised and redesignated AS 1892.2-1992.