AS 62040.3-2002

1 - AS 62040.3-2002 UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SYSTEMS (UPS) - METHOD OF SPECIFYING THE PERFORMANCE AND TEST REQUIREMENTS
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
9 - 1 Scope and object
10 - 2 Normative references
12 - 3 Terms and definitions
12 - 3.1 Systems and components
12 - 3.1.1 uninterruptible power system (UPS)
12 - 3.1.2 converter
12 - 3.1.3 UPS functional unit
12 - 3.1.4 UPS rectifier
13 - 3.1.5 UPS inverter
13 - 3.1.6 DC energy storage system
13 - 3.1.7 DC link
13 - 3.1.8 (secondary) battery
13 - 3.1.9 valve regulated sealed (secondary) cell
13 - 3.1.10 vented (secondary) cell
13 - 3.1.11 battery charger
13 - 3.1.12 UPS switch
13 - 3.1.13 transfer switch
13 - 3.1.14 electronic (power) switch
13 - 3.1.15 mechanical UPS (power) switch
14 - 3.1.16 hybrid UPS (power) switch
14 - 3.1.17 self-commutated electronic switch
14 - 3.1.18 line commutated electronic switch
14 - 3.1.19 UPS interrupter
14 - 3.1.20 UPS isolation switch
14 - 3.1.21 tie switch
14 - 3.1.22 UPS maintenance bypass switch
14 - 3.1.23 multiple function UPS switch
14 - 3.1.24 AC input power
14 - 3.1.25 bypass
14 - 3.1.26 maintenance bypass
14 - 3.1.27 static bypass (electronic bypass)
15 - 3.1.28 UPS unit
15 - 3.1.29 single UPS
15 - 3.1.30 parallel UPS
15 - 3.1.31 partial parallel UPS
15 - 3.1.32 redundant system
15 - 3.1.33 partial redundant UPS
15 - 3.1.34 standby redundant UPS
15 - 3.1.35 parallel redundant UPS
15 - 3.2 Performance of systems and components
15 - 3.2.1 primary power
15 - 3.2.2 standby power
15 - 3.2.3 bypass power
15 - 3.2.4 backfeed
15 - 3.2.5 normal load
16 - 3.2.6 linear load
16 - 3.2.7 non-linear load
16 - 3.2.8 preferred source
16 - 3.2.9 power failure
16 - 3.2.10 continuity of load power
16 - 3.2.11 Reserved for future use
16 - 3.2.12 UPS switch operation
16 - 3.2.13 normal mode of UPS operation
17 - 3.2.14 stored energy mode of UPS operation
17 - 3.2.15 bypass mode of UPS operation
17 - 3.2.16 UPS double conversion
17 - 3.2.17 UPS double conversion with bypass
17 - 3.2.18 UPS line interactive operation
17 - 3.2.19 UPS line interactive operation with bypass
17 - 3.2.20 UPS passive standby operation
17 - 3.2.21 manual control
18 - 3.2.22 automatic control
18 - 3.2.23 semi-automatic control
18 - 3.2.24 synchronous transfer
18 - 3.2.25 synchronization
18 - 3.2.26 asynchronous transfer
18 - 3.2.27 electromagnetic interference (EMI)
18 - 3.2.28 Equipment mobility (see 1.2.3 of IEC 60950)
18 - 3.2.29 Connections to the supply (see 1.2.5 of IEC 60950)
19 - 3.2.30 Accessibility (see 1.2.7 of IEC 60950)
19 - 3.2.31 Circuit characteristics (see 1.2.8 of IEC 60950)
20 - 3.2.32 service personnel (see 1.2.14.3 of IEC 60950)
20 - 3.2.33 operator (see 1.2.14.4 of IEC 60950)
20 - 3.2.34 touch current (IEC 60990)
21 - 3.2.35 protective conductor current (IEC 60990)
21 - 3.2.36 burn-in
21 - 3.2.37 dielectric tests
21 - 3.2.38 dielectric withstand strength
21 - 3.2.39 type test
21 - 3.2.40 routine test
21 - 3.3 Specified values – General
21 - 3.3.1 rating
21 - 3.3.2 rated value
21 - 3.3.3 nominal value
22 - 3.3.4 limiting value
22 - 3.3.5 current limit (control)
22 - 3.3.6 tolerance band
22 - 3.3.7 deviation
22 - 3.3.8 rated voltage
22 - 3.3.9 rated voltage range
22 - 3.3.10 r.m.s. voltage variation
22 - 3.3.11 voltage time integral variation
22 - 3.3.12 peak voltage variation
22 - 3.3.13 phase angle
22 - 3.3.14 rated current
22 - 3.3.15 active power, P
23 - 3.3.16 power factor, λ
23 - 3.3.17 apparent power, S
23 - 3.3.18 displacement factor
23 - 3.3.19 UPS efficiency
23 - 3.3.20 rated frequency
23 - 3.3.21 rated frequency range
23 - 3.3.22 frequency variation
23 - 3.3.23 total harmonic distortion (THD)
23 - 3.3.24 total distortion factor (TDF)
23 - 3.3.25 individual harmonic distortion
23 - 3.3.26 harmonic components
24 - 3.3.27 harmonic content
24 - 3.3.28 form factor
24 - 3.3.29 peak factor
24 - 3.3.30 transient
24 - 3.3.31 recovery time
24 - 3.3.32 stored energy time
24 - 3.3.33 cut-off voltage
24 - 3.3.34 restored energy time
24 - 3.3.35 ambient temperature
24 - 3.4 Input values
24 - 3.4.1 input voltage tolerance
24 - 3.4.2 input voltage distortion
25 - 3.4.3 input frequency tolerance
25 - 3.4.4 input power factor
25 - 3.4.5 UPS rated input current
25 - 3.4.6 UPS maximum input current
25 - 3.4.7 UPS inrush current
25 - 3.4.8 input current distortion
25 - 3.4.9 supply impedance
25 - 3.4.10 high impedance failure
25 - 3.4.11 low impedance failure
25 - 3.5 Output values
25 - 3.5.1 output voltage
25 - 3.5.2 output voltage tolerance
25 - 3.5.3 periodic output voltage variation
26 - 3.5.4 output frequency tolerance
26 - 3.5.5 output current
26 - 3.5.6 short-circuit output current
26 - 3.5.7 output overcurrent
26 - 3.5.8 overload capability
26 - 3.5.9 output impedance
26 - 3.5.10 output active power
26 - 3.5.11 load sharing
26 - 3.5.12 load power factor
26 - 3.5.13 output apparent power
26 - 3.5.14 output apparent power – reference non-linear loading
26 - 3.5.15 rated output apparent power
27 - 3.5.16 rated output active power
27 - 3.5.17 make-tme
27 - 3.5.18 break-time
27 - 3.5.19 interruption time
27 - 3.5.20 transfer time
27 - 3.5.21 total UPS transfer time
27 - 3.5.22 unbalanced load
27 - 3.5.23 step load
27 - 3.5.24 sinusoidal output voltage
27 - 3.5.25 non - sinusoidal output voltage
27 - 4 General ambient service conditions
27 - 4.1 Normal environmental and climatic service conditions
28 - 4.1.1 Altitude
28 - 4.1.2 Ambient service temperature
28 - 4.1.3 Relative humidity
28 - 4.1.4 Ambient storage and transportation conditions
29 - 4.2 Unusual service conditions to be identified by the purchaser
29 - 4.2.1 Environmental conditions to be identified
29 - 4.2.2 Mechanical conditions to be identified
29 - 5 Electrical service conditions and performance
29 - 5.1 General - All UPS
29 - 5.1.1 UPS configurations
30 - 5.1.2 Equipment markings and instructions
32 - 5.1.3 Equipment safety
32 - 5.2 UPS input specifications
32 - 5.2.1 Normal service conditions
33 - 5.2.2 Rated values and characteristics
34 - 5.2.3 UPS input conditions to be identified by the purchaser
34 - 5.3 UPS output specifications
34 - 5.3.1 Steady-state and dynamic output voltage characteristics
37 - 5.3.2 Rated output values and characteristics
38 - 5.3.3 Single UPS and parallel UPS with bypass
38 - 5.3.4 Performance requirements to be identified by the purchaser
39 - 5.4 UPS intermediate d.c. circuit and/or battery circuit specification
39 - 5.5 UPS switches, rated values and performance
39 - 5.5.1 General
40 - 5.5.2 UPS switches
40 - 5.6 Redundant and parallel UPS systems
40 - 5.6.1 Standby redundant UPS
40 - 5.6.2 Parallel redundant UPS
41 - 5.7 Electromagnetic compatibility
41 - 5.8 Signalling circuits
41 - 6 Electrical tests for UPS
41 - 6.1 General
41 - 6.1.1 Type tests
41 - 6.1.2 Routine tests
41 - 6.1.3 Test conditions
42 - 6.2 UPS functional unit tests (where applicable)
42 - 6.2.1 UPS rectifier tests
42 - 6.2.2 UPS inverter tests
42 - 6.2.3 UPS switch tests
43 - 6.2.4 Monitoring and control equipment tests
43 - 6.2.5 Battery tests
43 - 6.3 Type tests of manufacturer's declared characteristics as a complete UPS
44 - 6.3.1 Control and monitoring signals
45 - 6.3.2 Input voltage and frequency tolerance test
45 - 6.3.3 Inrush current test
46 - 6.3.4 UPS output characteristics tests - Static conditions - Normal and stored energy mode of operation
47 - 6.3.5 UPS output characteristics - Overload and short- circuit
47 - 6.3.6 UPS output dynamic characteristic tests
48 - 6.3.7 UPS output dynamic load characteristic tests
48 - 6.3.8 UPS output characteristics - Reference non-linear loads
50 - 6.3.9 Stored and restored energy time tests
50 - 6.3.10 Efficiency and input power factor
50 - 6.3.11 Backfeed test
50 - 6.3.12 Electromagnetic compatibility test
50 - 6.4 Reserved for future use
50 - 6.5 Reserved for future use
50 - 6.6 Factory witness tests/on-site tests
51 - 6.6.1 UPS tests
52 - 6.6.2 Test specifications
52 - 6.6.3 Light load test
52 - 6.6.4 UPS auxiliary device(s) test
52 - 6.6.5 Synchronization test
52 - 6.6.6 AC input failure test
52 - 6.6.7 AC input return test
53 - 6.6.8 Simulation of parallel redundant UPS fault test
53 - 6.6.9 Transfer test
53 - 6.6.10 Full load test
53 - 6.6.11 UPS efficiency test
53 - 6.6.12 Unbalanced load test
53 - 6.6.13 Balanced load test
54 - 6.6.14 Test of current division in parallel or parallel redundant UPS
54 - 6.6.15 Rated stored energy time test
54 - 6.6.16 Rated restored energy time
54 - 6.6.17 Battery ripple current measurement
54 - 6.6.18 Overload capability test
54 - 6.6.19 Short-circuit test
54 - 6.6.20 Short-circuit protection device test
54 - 6.6.21 Restart test
55 - 6.6.22 Output overvoltage test
55 - 6.6.23 Periodic output voltage variation test
55 - 6.6.24 Frequency variation test
55 - 6.6.25 Radiofrequency interference and conducted noise test
55 - 6.6.26 Harmonic components measurement
55 - 6.6.27 Earth fault test
55 - 6.6.28 On-site ventilation test
55 - 6.6.29 Standby generator compatibility test
56 - 6.7 UPS switches testing procedure
56 - 6.7.1 Testing schedule
56 - 6.7.2 Test specifications
56 - 6.7.3 Interconnection cable check
56 - 6.7.4 Light load test
56 - 6.7.5 Full load test
57 - 6.7.6 Transfer test
57 - 6.7.7 Overload capability test
57 - 6.7.8 Short-circuit current capability test
57 - 6.7.9 Overvoltage test (electronic power switches)
57 - 6.7.10 Radiofrequency interference and conducted noise
57 - 6.7.11 Audible noise
57 - 6.7.12 On-site ventilation test
57 - 6.7.13 Earth fault test
58 - 6.7.14 Additional tests
58 - 7 Non-electrical tests
58 - 7.1 Environmental and transportation test methods
58 - 7.1.1 Transportation
59 - 7.2 Environmental storage and operating test methods
59 - 7.2.1 Storage condition tests
59 - 7.2.2 Operating condition tests
60 - 7.3 Acoustic noise
61 - Annex A - Types of Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) configurations
61 - Introduction
61 - A.1 Single UPS
63 - A.2 Parallel UPS
64 - A.3 Redundant UPS
67 - Annex B - Examples of Uninterruptible Power System (UPS) operation
67 - B.1 UPS double conversion
67 - B.2 UPS double conversion with bypass
69 - B.3 UPS line interactive operation
69 - B.4 UPS line interactive operation with bypass
71 - B.5 UPS passive stand-by operation
72 - Annex C - Explanation of UPS switch definitions
72 - Introduction
72 - Application of UPS switches
72 - Abbreviations
72 - C.1 UPS interrupters
74 - C.2 Transfer switches
77 - C.3 UPS isolation switches
78 - C.4 UPS maintenance bypass switches
79 - C.5 Tie switches
79 - C.6 Multiple function UPS switches
81 - Annex D - Purchaser specification guidelines
81 - D.1 Type of UPS, additional features and system requirements
81 - D.2 UPS input
82 - D.3 Load to be operated from UPS
82 - D.4 UPS output
83 - D.5 Battery (where applicable)
83 - D.6 General application requirements and special service conditions
83 - D.7 Multi-module system configurations
83 - D.8 Electromagnetic compatibility
84 - D.9 Technical data sheets – Manufacturer's declaration
86 - D.10 Classification of uninterruptible power systems by performance
89 - Annex E - Reference non-linear load
89 - Calculation method
90 - Test method
90 - Connection for reference non-linear loads to UPS
91 - Annex F - Backfeed protection test
91 - F.1 Test for pluggable Type A or B UPS
91 - F.2 Test for permanently connected UPS (only for UPS with backfeed protection)
92 - F.3 Measuring instrument for earth leakage current tests
93 - Annex G - Input mains failure - Test method
93 - G.1 High impedance mains failure test
93 - G.2 Low impedance mains failure test
94 - Annex H - Determination of output voltage transient deviation characteristics
94 - Introduction
94 - H.1 General considerations
95 - H.2 Test methods and instrumentation
95 - H.3 Sinusoidal output voltage waveforms
96 - H.4 Non-sinusoidal output voltage waveforms (trapezoidal/quasi-square/square)
96 - H.5 Resistive load test method – Change of operating mode/step load
97 - H.6 Reference non-linear load test method – Change of operating mode/step load
98 - Annex I - Bibliography
99 - Annex ZZ - Variations to IEC 62040-3:1999 for application in Australia
99 - ZZ1 Introduction
99 - ZZ2 Variations
100 - AMENDMENT CONTROL SHEET

Provides a method for specifying and assessing the performance of uninterruptible power systems (UPS) with a rated voltage not exceeding 1000 volt a.c. and with an energy storage device. This Standard has been reproduced from, and is technically identical to, IEC 62040-3:1999.

This standard applies to electronic indirect a.c. converter systems with electrical energy storage means in the d.c. link. The primary function of the uninterruptible power system (UPS) covered by this standard is to ensure continuity of an alternating power source. The uninterruptible power system may also serve to improve the quality of the power source by keeping it within specified characteristics.A variety of uninterruptible power systems have been developed to meet consumers' requirements for continuity and quality of power for different types of loads over a wide range of power, from less than 100 W to several megawatts. Refer to annexes A and B for information on some of the types available.This standard applies to electronic uninterruptible power systems (UPS):a) delivering single- or three-phase fixed frequency a.c. output voltage;b) with energy storage device in the d.c. link if not otherwise specified;c) with rated voltage not exceeding 1 000 V a.c.;d) movable, stationary and/or fixed equipment.This standard also includes the method of specifying all power switches that form integralparts of a UPS and are associated with its output.Included are interrupters, bypass switches, isolating switches, load transfer switches and tieswitches. These switches interact with other functional units of the UPS to maintain continuityof load power.This standard does not refer to conventional mains distribution boards, rectifier input switches or d.c. switches (for example for batteries, rectifier output or inverter input, etc.), or UPS based on rotating machines.NOTE 1 – This standard recognizes that the major market usage with the UPS ratings within its scope is in conjunction with information technology equipment.Under current technology,the majority of UPS load equipment employs power supplies which present a non-linear load to the UPS and can be tolerant of non-sinusoidal voltage waveforms for a limited time duration.UPS output ratings are specified to be compatible with non-linear loading and linear loading,subject to manufacturers' declaration if different.References within this standard to linear loading are retained for test method reasons,or Validation of manufacturers'additional declaration.NOTE 2 – For use of UPS with a non--sinusoidal output voltage waveform,beyond the stored-energy time recommended in this standard,the agreement of the load equipment manufacturer should be sought.NOTE 3 – For UPS output frequencies other than 50 Hz or 60 Hz,,performance specification is subject to agreement between manufacturer and purchaser.This standard is intended to define a complete uninterruptible power system in terms of itsperformance and not individual UPS functional units. The individual UPS functional units aredealt with in the IEC publications referred to in the bibliography given in annex I, which applyin so far as they are not in contradiction with this standard.

First published as AS/NZS 62040.3:2002.