This Standard specifies materials of construction, weld preparations and weld qualities, qualification of welding procedures and welding personnel and fabrication and inspection requirements for welds related to the fusion welding of steelwork in structures made up of combinations of steel plate, sheet or sections, including hollow sections and built-up sections, or castings and forgings, by the following processes:(a) Manual metal-arc welding (MMAW).(b) Submerged arc welding (SAW).(c) Gas metal-arc welding (GMAW), including pulsed mode.(d) Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW).(e) Electroslag (including consumable guide) welding (ESW) (see Note).(f) Electrogas welding (EGW) (see Note).NOTE: These processes may not be suitable for welding quenched and tempered steels (see WTIA Technical Note 15).The Standard is limited to the welding of quenched and tempered steel parent material complying with Clause 2.1.The Standard applies specifically to the welding of steelwork in structures complying with appropriate Standards (see Note below). Where the proportions of welded joints in these structures are governed by dynamic loading conditions, the Standard applies only to those welded joints which comply with the fatigue provisions of AS 3990, as limited by (ii) below, or with the directly equivalent fatigue provisions of other application Standards.Where the operating temperature is lower than -10C, special consideration should be given to brittle fracture.The Standard applies to welded joints which are -(i) not subject to fatigue conditions; or (ii) subject to fatigue conditions; and- (A) the stress range in the welded joint complies with the permissible stress range of stress categories C, D, E, or F of AS 3990, or weld categories lower than or equal to detail category 112 of AS 4100 or NZS 3404.1; or (B) the stress range in the welded joint is not more than 80% of the permissible stress range of stress category B of AS 3990, (category SP weld, see Clause 1.5.2); or (C) the stress range in the welded joint is greater than 80% of the permissible stress range for stress category B of AS 3990, or exceeds the stress range permitted for detail category 112 of AS 4100 or NZS 3404.1 (category FP weld, see Clause 1.5.2), but does not exceed the maximum stress ranges permitted for these categories.In addition to the abovementioned structures, the Standard applies to the welding of cranes, hoists, earthmoving equipment and other dynamically loaded structures, the welding of road and pedestrian bridges and the welding of steelwork in applications other than structural.NOTE: Complementary codes which facilitate design in and fabrication of high strength quenched and tempered steels include the following:(a) American Institute of Steel Construction Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings.(b) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges.(c) American Railway Engineering Association Specifications for Steel Railway Bridges. The Standard does not apply to the welding of structures by the following processes: (1) Oxy-fuel gas welding (GW). (2) Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). (3) Resistance welding (RW). (4) Friction welding (FW). (5) Thermit welding (TW).The Standard does not apply to the welding of pressure vessels and pressure piping.The Standard does not cover the designof welded connections andpermissible stresses in welds, or the production and rectification repair of castings.