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ASTM D 6469 : 2020

Superseded

Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

View Superseded by

Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems

Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Superseded date

22-05-2024

Superseded by

ASTM D 6469 : 2024

Language(s)

English

Published date

30-09-2020

€74.48
Excluding VAT

Committee
D 02
DocumentType
Guide
Pages
12
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes

1.1This guide provides personnel who have a limited microbiological background with an understanding of the symptoms, occurrence, and consequences of chronic microbial contamination. The guide also suggests means for detection and control of microbial contamination in fuels and fuel systems. This guide applies primarily to gasoline, aviation, boiler, industrial gas turbine, diesel, marine, furnace fuels and blend stocks (see Specifications D396, D910, D975, D1655, D2069, D2880, D3699, D4814, D6227, and D6751), and fuel systems. However, the principles discussed herein also apply generally to crude oil and all liquid petroleum fuels. ASTM Manual 472 provides a more detailed treatment of the concepts introduced in this guide; it also provides a compilation of all of the standards referenced herein that are not found in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section Five on Petroleum Products and Lubricants.

1.2This guide is not a compilation of all of the concepts and terminology used by microbiologists, but it does provide a general understanding of microbial fuel contamination.

1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.5This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D 4814 : 2024 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 7464 : 2020 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Liquid Fuels, Associated Materials and Fuel System Components for Microbiological Testing
ASTM D 8011 : 2019 Standard Specification for Natural Gasoline as a Blendstock in Ethanol Fuel Blends or as a Denaturant for Fuel Ethanol
ASTM D 7847 : 2022 Standard Guide for Interlaboratory Studies for Microbiological Test Methods
ASTM D 7960 : 2021 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-hydrocarbon Components
ASTM D 8412 : 2021 Standard Guide for Quantification of Microbial Contamination in Liquid Fuels and Fuel-Associated Water by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)
ASTM D 910 : 2024 Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
ASTM D 6227 : 2024 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
ASTM D 7719 : 2021 : REV A Standard Specification for High Aromatic Content Unleaded Hydrocarbon Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel
ASTM D 8506 : 2023 Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination and Biodeterioration in Turbine Oils and Turbine Oil Systems
ASTM D 7467 : 2023 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
ASTM D 7566 : 2024 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons
ASTM E 3152 : 2023 Standard Guide for Standard Test Methods and Practices Available for Determining Antifungal Activity on Natural or Synthetic Substrates Treated with Antimicrobial Agents
ASTM D 7547 : 2023 Standard Specification for Hydrocarbon Unleaded Aviation Gasoline
ASTM D 1655 : 2024 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 396 : 2024 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
ASTM D 7826 : 2023 : REV B Standard Guide for Evaluation of New Aviation Gasolines and New Aviation Gasoline Additives
ASTM D 8434 : 2021 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Organo-metallic Additive
ASTM D 7794 : 2021 Standard Practice for Blending Mid-Level Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Vehicles with Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
ASTM D 7978 : 2014 : R2019 Standard Test Method for Determination of the Viable Aerobic Microbial Content of Fuels and Associated Water—Thixotropic Gel Culture Method
ASTM D 6974 : 2020 Standard Practice for Enumeration of Viable Bacteria and Fungi in Liquid Fuels—Filtration and Culture Procedures
ASTM D 975 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
ASTM D 7544 : 2023 Standard Specification for Pyrolysis Liquid Biofuel

ASTM D 4057 : 2019 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 4176 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
ASTM D 3241 : 2019 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 974 : 2014 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 974 : 2001 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 3241 : 2020 : REV C Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 3699 : 2019 Standard Specification for Kerosine
ASTM D 664 : 2018 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 1655 : 2024 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 3240 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 4012 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Water
ASTM D 3867 : 2016 Standard Test Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate in Water
ASTM E 177 : 1990 : REV A : R1996 Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
ASTM D 3241 : 2020 : REV B Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 2068 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Determining Filter Blocking Tendency
ASTM D 4418 : 2022 Standard Practice for Receipt, Storage, and Handling of Fuels for Gas Turbines
ASTM D 2276 : 2006 : R2014 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling
ASTM D 396 : 2020 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
ASTM D 664 : 2017 : REV A Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 4454 : 1985 : R1997 Standard Test Method for Simultaneous Enumeration of Total and Respiring Bacteria in Aquatic Systems by Microscopy
ASTM D 1426 : 1998 Standard Test Methods for Ammonia Nitrogen In Water
ASTM D 975 : 2022 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
ASTM D 7687 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Cellular Adenosine Triphosphate in Fuel and Fuel-associated Water With Sample Concentration by Filtration
ASTM D 1655 : 2021 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 7687 : 2017 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Cellular Adenosine Triphosphate in Fuel and Fuel-associated Water With Sample Concentration by Filtration
ASTM D 7463 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water
ASTM D 4012 : 2023 : REV A Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Water
ASTM D 5304 : 2000 Standard Test Method for Assessing Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by Oxygen Overpressure
ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
ASTM D 396 : 1998 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
ASTM D 4860 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Numerical Rating)
ASTM D 4870 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels
ASTM D 3867 : 2016 : R2021 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate in Water
ASTM D 975 : 2019 : REV B Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
ASTM D 4814 : 2024 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 8070 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Screening of Fuels and Fuel Associated Aqueous Specimens for Microbial Contamination by Lateral Flow Immunoassay
ASTM D 1655 : 2020 : REV D Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 3241 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 1655 : 2022 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 4412 : 2019 : R2024 Standard Test Methods for Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Water and Water-Formed Deposits
ASTM D 974 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
ASTM D 664 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 3241 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 1655 : 2022 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 3241 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 6426 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
ASTM D 6227 : 2018 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 4952 : 1997 Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)
ASTM D 3240 : 2022 : REV A Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 975 : 2021 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
ASTM D 975 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
ASTM D 6217 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration<rangeref></rangeref >
ASTM D 974 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 445 : 2017 : REV A Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 4814 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 3240 : 1991 : R1996 Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 3241 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 4952 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)
ASTM D 6227 : 2018 : R2023 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
ASTM D 1976 : 1996 Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
ASTM D 3240 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 8070 : 2019 Standard Test Method for Screening of Fuels and Fuel Associated Aqueous Specimens for Microbial Contamination by Lateral Flow Immunoassay
ASTM D 4814 : 2022 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 4412 : 2019 Standard Test Methods for Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Water and Water-Formed Deposits
ASTM D 445 : 1988 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 4814 : 2021 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 975 : 2020 : REV C Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
ASTM D 3326 : 2007 : R2017 Standard Practice for Preparation of Samples for Identification of Waterborne Oils
ASTM D 4814 : 2021 : REV C Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 4814 : 2023 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 515 : 1988 Test Methods for Phosphorus in Water (Withdrawn 1997)
ASTM D 2880 : 2023 Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
ASTM D 2880 : 2020 Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
ASTM D 6217 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
ASTM D 910 : 2001 Standard Specification for Aviation Gasoline's
ASTM D 7687 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Cellular Adenosine Triphosphate in Fuel and Fuel-associated Water With Sample Concentration by Filtration
ASTM D 4860 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Numerical Rating)
ASTM D 1655 : 2021 : REV B Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 664 : 1995 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 7463 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water
ASTM D 6426 : 2013 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
ASTM D 8070 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Screening of Fuels and Fuel Associated Aqueous Specimens for Microbial Contamination by Lateral Flow Immunoassay
ASTM D 3241 : 2023 : REV A Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 1426 : 2015 : R2021 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Ammonia Nitrogen In Water
ASTM D 4176 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
ASTM D 910 : 2020 : REV A Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
ASTM D 1655 : 2023 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 910 : 2021 Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
ASTM D 910 : 2024 Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
ASTM D 1655 : 1985 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 445 : 2019 : REV A Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 4012 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Water
ASTM D 6751 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blendstock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
ASTM D 6426 : 2001 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Distillate Fuel Oils
ASTM D 4418 : 1988 : R1998 Standard Practice for Receipt, Storage, and Handling of Fuels for Gas Turbines
ASTM D 6751 : 2020 : REV A Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
ASTM D 4176 : 2021 : REV A Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
ASTM D 3699 : 1998 Standard Specification for Kerosine
ASTM D 3241 : 2023 : REV A : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 5452 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
ASTM D 4012 : 1981 : R1997 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Water
ASTM D 4176 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
ASTM D 445 : 2019 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 1655 : 2021 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 6227 : 2024 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
ASTM D 1655 : 2021 : REV C Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 130 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
ASTM D 975 : 2022 : REV A Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
ASTM D 396 : 2021 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
ASTM D 3241 : 2019 : REV B Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D 445 : 2001 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 664 : 2011 : REV A Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 4870 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels
ASTM D 6751 : 2023 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
ASTM D 396 : 2009 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
ASTM D 445 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 445 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 4814 : 2021 : REV A Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 4860 : 2014 : R2019 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Numerical Rating)
ASTM D 1126 : 1996 Standard Test Method for Hardness in Water
ASTM D 4418 : 2017 Standard Practice for Receipt, Storage, and Handling of Fuels for Gas Turbines
ASTM D 4057 : 2022 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 975 : 2023 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
ASTM D 888 : 1992 : R1996 Standard Test Methods for Dissolved Oxygen in Water
ASTM D 6426 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
ASTM D 445 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 3242 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine Fuel
ASTM D 1426 : 2015 Standard Test Methods for Ammonia Nitrogen In Water
ASTM D 2276 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling
ASTM D 1655 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM E 1259 : 2018 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390 °C
ASTM D 4952 : 2012 : R2017 Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)
ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM E 1259 : 2023 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390 °C
ASTM D 396 : 2024 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
ASTM D 3242 : 2011 : R2017 Standard Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine Fuel
ASTM D 5452 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
ASTM D 2068 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Determining Filter Blocking Tendency
ASTM D 4412 : 1984 : R1997 Standard Test Methods for Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Water and Water-Formed Deposits
ASTM D 4814 : 2021 : REV B Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D 8070 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Screening of Fuels and Fuel Associated Aqueous Specimens for Microbial Contamination by Lateral Flow Immunoassay
ASTM D 445 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ASTM D 130 : 2012 Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
ASTM D 3326 : 2007 : R2024 Standard Practice for Preparation of Samples for Identification of Waterborne Oils
ASTM D 1067 : 1992 : R1996 Standard Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of Water

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