• ASTM D 6469 : 2020

    Current The latest, up-to-date edition.

    Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems

    Available format(s):  Hardcopy, PDF

    Language(s):  English

    Published date:  01-10-2020

    Publisher:  American Society for Testing and Materials

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    1.1This guide provides personnel who have a limited microbiological background with an understanding of the symptoms, occurrence, and consequences of chronic microbial contamination. The guide also suggests means for detection and control of microbial contamination in fuels and fuel systems. This guide applies primarily to gasoline, aviation, boiler, industrial gas turbine, diesel, marine, furnace fuels and blend stocks (see Specifications D396, D910, D975, D1655, D2069, D2880, D3699, D4814, D6227, and D6751), and fuel systems. However, the principles discussed herein also apply generally to crude oil and all liquid petroleum fuels. ASTM Manual 472 provides a more detailed treatment of the concepts introduced in this guide; it also provides a compilation of all of the standards referenced herein that are not found in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section Five on Petroleum Products and Lubricants.

    1.2This guide is not a compilation of all of the concepts and terminology used by microbiologists, but it does provide a general understanding of microbial fuel contamination.

    1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

    1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

    1.5This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    Committee D 02
    Document Type Guide
    Publisher American Society for Testing and Materials
    Status Current
    Supersedes

    Standards Referencing This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    ASTM D 4057 : 2019 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
    ASTM D 4176 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
    ASTM D 3241 : 2019 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 974 : 2014 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
    ASTM D 974 : 2001 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
    ASTM D 3241 : 2020 : REV C Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 3699 : 2019 Standard Specification for Kerosine
    ASTM D 1655 : 2024 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 3240 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 4012 : 2015 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Water
    ASTM D 3867 : 2016 Standard Test Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate in Water
    ASTM E 177 : 1990 : REV A : R1996 Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
    ASTM D 3241 : 2020 : REV B Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 4418 : 2022 Standard Practice for Receipt, Storage, and Handling of Fuels for Gas Turbines
    ASTM D 2276 : 2006 : R2014 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling
    ASTM D 396 : 2020 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 664 : 2017 : REV A Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
    ASTM D 4454 : 1985 : R1997 Standard Test Method for Simultaneous Enumeration of Total and Respiring Bacteria in Aquatic Systems by Microscopy
    ASTM D 1426 : 1998 Standard Test Methods for Ammonia Nitrogen In Water
    ASTM D 975 : 2022 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
    ASTM D 7687 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Cellular Adenosine Triphosphate in Fuel and Fuel-associated Water With Sample Concentration by Filtration
    ASTM D 1655 : 2021 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 7687 : 2017 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Cellular Adenosine Triphosphate in Fuel and Fuel-associated Water With Sample Concentration by Filtration
    ASTM D 7463 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water
    ASTM D 4012 : 2023 : REV A Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Water
    ASTM D 5304 : 2000 Standard Test Method for Assessing Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by Oxygen Overpressure
    ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
    ASTM D 396 : 1998 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 4860 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Numerical Rating)
    ASTM D 4870 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels
    ASTM D 3867 : 2016 : R2021 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate in Water
    ASTM D 975 : 2019 : REV B Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
    ASTM D 4814 : 2024 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
    ASTM D 8070 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Screening of Fuels and Fuel Associated Aqueous Specimens for Microbial Contamination by Lateral Flow Immunoassay
    ASTM D 1655 : 2020 : REV D Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 3241 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 1655 : 2022 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 974 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
    ASTM D 1298 : 2012 : REV B : R2017 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
    ASTM D 3241 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 1655 : 2022 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 3241 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 6426 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 6227 : 2018 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
    ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 4952 : 1997 Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)
    ASTM D 3240 : 2022 : REV A Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 975 : 2021 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
    ASTM D 975 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
    ASTM D 6217 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
    ASTM D 974 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
    ASTM D 445 : 2017 : REV A Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 4814 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
    ASTM D 3240 : 1991 : R1996 Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 3241 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 4952 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)
    ASTM D 6227 : 2018 : R2023 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
    ASTM D 1976 : 1996 Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
    ASTM D 3240 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 8070 : 2019 Standard Test Method for Screening of Fuels and Fuel Associated Aqueous Specimens for Microbial Contamination by Lateral Flow Immunoassay
    ASTM D 4814 : 2022 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
    ASTM D 445 : 1988 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 4814 : 2021 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
    ASTM D 975 : 2020 : REV C Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
    ASTM D 3326 : 2007 : R2017 Standard Practice for Preparation of Samples for Identification of Waterborne Oils
    ASTM D 4814 : 2021 : REV C Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
    ASTM D 4814 : 2023 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
    ASTM D 515 : 1988 Test Methods for Phosphorus in Water (Withdrawn 1997)
    ASTM D 2880 : 2023 Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 2880 : 2020 Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 6217 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
    ASTM D 910 : 2001 Standard Specification for Aviation Gasoline's
    ASTM D 7687 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Cellular Adenosine Triphosphate in Fuel and Fuel-associated Water With Sample Concentration by Filtration
    ASTM D 4860 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Numerical Rating)
    ASTM D 1655 : 2021 : REV B Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 664 : 1995 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
    ASTM D 7463 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water
    ASTM D 6426 : 2013 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 8070 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Screening of Fuels and Fuel Associated Aqueous Specimens for Microbial Contamination by Lateral Flow Immunoassay
    ASTM D 3241 : 2023 : REV A Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 1426 : 2015 : R2021 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Ammonia Nitrogen In Water
    ASTM D 4176 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
    ASTM D 910 : 2020 : REV A Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
    ASTM D 1655 : 2023 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 910 : 2021 Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
    ASTM D 910 : 2024 Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
    ASTM D 1655 : 1985 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 445 : 2019 : REV A Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 4012 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Water
    ASTM D 6751 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blendstock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
    ASTM D 6426 : 2001 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Distillate Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 4418 : 1988 : R1998 Standard Practice for Receipt, Storage, and Handling of Fuels for Gas Turbines
    ASTM D 6751 : 2020 : REV A Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
    ASTM D 4176 : 2021 : REV A Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
    ASTM D 3699 : 1998 Standard Specification for Kerosine
    ASTM D 3241 : 2023 : REV A : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 5452 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
    ASTM D 4012 : 1981 : R1997 Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Water
    ASTM D 4176 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
    ASTM D 445 : 2019 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 1655 : 2021 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 6227 : 2024 Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
    ASTM D 1655 : 2021 : REV C Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 130 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
    ASTM D 975 : 2022 : REV A Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
    ASTM D 396 : 2021 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 3241 : 2019 : REV B Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM D 445 : 2001 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 664 : 2011 : REV A Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
    ASTM D 4870 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels
    ASTM D 6751 : 2023 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
    ASTM D 396 : 2009 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 445 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 445 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 4814 : 2021 : REV A Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
    ASTM D 4860 : 2014 : R2019 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Numerical Rating)
    ASTM D 1126 : 1996 Standard Test Method for Hardness in Water
    ASTM D 4418 : 2017 Standard Practice for Receipt, Storage, and Handling of Fuels for Gas Turbines
    ASTM D 4057 : 2022 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
    ASTM D 975 : 2023 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
    ASTM D 888 : 1992 : R1996 Standard Test Methods for Dissolved Oxygen in Water
    ASTM D 6426 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
    ASTM D 445 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 3242 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine Fuel
    ASTM D 1426 : 2015 Standard Test Methods for Ammonia Nitrogen In Water
    ASTM D 2276 : 2022 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling
    ASTM D 1655 : 2023 : REV A Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
    ASTM E 1259 : 2018 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390 °C
    ASTM D 4952 : 2012 : R2017 Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)
    ASTM D 445 : 2021 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM E 1259 : 2023 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390 °C
    ASTM D 3242 : 2011 : R2017 Standard Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine Fuel
    ASTM D 5452 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
    ASTM D 4412 : 1984 : R1997 Standard Test Methods for Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Water and Water-Formed Deposits
    ASTM D 4814 : 2021 : REV B Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
    ASTM D 8070 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Screening of Fuels and Fuel Associated Aqueous Specimens for Microbial Contamination by Lateral Flow Immunoassay
    ASTM D 445 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
    ASTM D 130 : 2012 Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
    ASTM D 3326 : 2007 : R2024 Standard Practice for Preparation of Samples for Identification of Waterborne Oils
    ASTM D 1067 : 1992 : R1996 Standard Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of Water
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