CLC/TR 60919-1:2005

FOREWORD
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Types of HVDC systems
   3.1 General
   3.2 HVDC back-to-back system
   3.3 Monopolar earth return HVDC system
   3.4 Monopolar metallic return HVDC system
   3.5 Bipolar earth return HVDC system
   3.6 Bipolar metallic return HVDC system
   3.7 Two 12-pulse groups per pole
   3.8 Converter transformer arrangements
   3.9 DC switching considerations
   3.10 Series capacitor compensated HVDC systems
4 Environment information
5 Rated power, current and voltage
   5.1 Rated power
   5.2 Rated current
   5.3 Rated voltage
6 Overload and equipment capability
   6.1 Overload
   6.2 Equipment capability
7 Minimum power transfer and no-load stand-by state
   7.1 General
   7.2 Minimum current
   7.3 Reduced direct voltage operation
   7.4 No-load stand-by state
8 AC system
   8.1 General
   8.2 AC voltage
   8.3 Frequency
   8.4 System impedance at fundamental frequency
   8.5 System impedance at harmonic frequencies
   8.6 Positive and zero-sequence surge impedance
   8.7 Other sources of harmonics
   8.8 Subsynchronous torsional interaction (SSTI)
9 Reactive power
   9.1 General
   9.2 Conventional HVDC systems
   9.3 Series capacitor compensated HVDC schemes
   9.4 Converter reactive power consumption
   9.5 Reactive power balance with the a.c. system
   9.6 Reactive power supply
   9.7 Maximum size of switchable VAR banks
10 HVDC transmission line, earth electrode line and
   earth electrode
   10.1 General
   10.2 Overhead line(s)
   10.3 Cable line(s)
   10.4 Earth electrode line
   10.5 Earth electrode
11 Reliability
   11.1 General
   11.2 Outage
   11.3 Capacity
   11.4 Outage duration terms
   11.5 Energy unavailability (EU)
   11.6 Energy availability (EA)
   11.7 Maximum permitted number of forced outages
   11.8 Statistical probability of outages
12 HVDC control
   12.1 Control objectives
   12.2 Control structure
   12.3 Control order settings
   12.4 Current limits
   12.5 Control circuit redundancy
   12.6 Measurements
13 Telecommunication
   13.1 Types of telecommunication links
   13.2 Telephone
   13.3 Power line carrier (PLC)
   13.4 Microwave
   13.5 Radio link
   13.6 Optical fibre telecommunication
   13.7 Classification of data to be transmitted
   13.8 Fast response telecommunication
   13.9 Reliability
14 Auxiliary power supplies
   14.1 General
   14.2 Reliability and load classification
   14.3 AC auxiliary supplies
   14.4 Batteries and uninterruptible power
        supplies (UPS)
   14.5 Emergency supply
15 Audible noise
   15.1 General
   15.2 Public nuisance
   15.3 Noise in working areas
16 Harmonic interference - AC
   16.1 AC side harmonic generation
   16.2 Filters
   16.3 Interference disturbance criteria
   16.4 Levels for interference
   16.5 Filter performance
17 Harmonic interference - DC
   17.1 DC side interference
   17.2 DC filter performance
   17.3 Specification requirements
18 Power line carrier interference (PLC)
   18.1 General
   18.2 Performance specification
19 Radio interference
   19.1 Radio interference (RI) from HVDC systems
   19.2 RI performance specification
20 Power losses
   20.1 General
   20.2 Main contributing sources
21 Provision for extensions to the HVDC systems
   21.1 General
   21.2 Specification for extensions
Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international
                     publications with their corresponding
                     European publications
Bibliography

Provides general guidance on the steady-state performance requirements of HVDC systems. It concerns the steady-state performance of two-terminal HVDC systems utilizing 12-pulse converter units comprised of three-phase bridge (double- way) connections (see Figure 1), but it does not cover multi-terminal HVDC transmission systems. Both terminals are assumed to use thyristor valves as the main semiconductor valves and to have power flow capability in both directions. Diode valves are not considered in this report.