EN 14015:2004

Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
   3.1 Terms and definitions
   3.2 Symbols
   3.3 Abbreviations
4 Information and requirements to be documented
   4.1 Information to be specified by the purchaser
   4.2 Information to be agreed between the purchaser and
         the tank manufacturer
   4.3 Information to be supplied by the tank manufacturer
   4.4 Information to be supplied by the steel manufacturer
   4.5 Information to be agreed between the steel manufacturer
         and the tank manufacturer
   4.6 Information to be agreed between the purchaser and the
         cover supplier
   4.7 Information to be agreed between the tank manufacturer
         and the cover supplier
   4.8 Information to be supplied by the cover supplier
5 Requirements
   5.1 Design pressure
   5.2 Design metal temperature
   5.3 Design density
   5.4 Yield strength
6 Materials
   6.1 Carbon and carbon manganese steels
   6.2 Stainless steels
7 Design loads
   7.1 Loads
   7.2 Load values
   7.3 Load combinations
8 Tank bottoms
   8.1 General
   8.2 Materials
   8.3 Design
   8.4 Fabrication
9 Shell design
   9.1 Design and test stress
   9.2 Internal loads
   9.3 Wind and vacuum loads
   9.4 Shell plate arrangement
   9.5 Shell joints
10 Fixed roof design
   10.1 Loads
   10.2 Type of roof
   10.3 Roof plating with supporting structure
   10.4 Roof plating without supporting structure (membrane
         roofs)
   10.5 Compression area at the junction of the shell and
         roof
   10.6 Venting requirements
   10.7 Floating covers
11 Floating roof design
12 Tank anchorage
   12.1 General
   12.2 Anchorage attachment
   12.3 Holding down bolt or strap
   12.4 Resistance to uplift during test
13 Mountings
   13.1 Shell nozzles O/D 80 mm and above
   13.2 Shell nozzles less than O/D 80 mm
   13.3 Roof nozzles
   13.4 Studded pad connections
   13.5 Nozzle loads
   13.6 Flush type clean-out doors and water draw-off sumps
   13.7 Nozzle welding details
   13.8 Flange drilling
   13.9 Post-weld heat treatment of nozzles
   13.10 Heating and/or cooling systems
   13.11 Stairways and walkways
   13.12 Handrailing
   13.13 Ladders
   13.14 Earthing connections
   13.15 Permanent attachments
   13.16 Temporary attachments
14 Insulation
15 Shop fabrication of tank components
   15.1 General
   15.2 Reception and identification of materials
   15.3 Handling and storage of materials
   15.4 Material markings
   15.5 Plate preparation and tolerances
   15.6 Preparation of nozzle components
   15.7 Plate forming and tolerances
   15.8 Openings
   15.9 Welding
   15.10 Surface condition
   15.11 Marking for erection purposes
   15.12 Packing, handling and transport to site
16 Site erection and tolerances
   16.1 General
   16.2 Foundations
   16.3 Anchor points
   16.4 Handling and storage
   16.5 Rectification of parts damaged during transportation
         and handling
   16.6 Bottom plates
   16.7 Shell to bottom, and shell
   16.8 Fixed roofs
   16.9 Nozzles
   16.10 External attachments
   16.11 Internal attachments
   16.12 Temporary attachments
17 Approval of welding procedures and welders
   17.1 General
   17.2 Welding procedure approval
   17.3 Welding Procedure Approval Record (WPAR)
   17.4 Welders and welding operators approval
   17.5 Production control test plates
18 Welding
   18.1 General
   18.2 Welding sequences
   18.3 Welding of bottoms
   18.4 Welding of shell to bottom
   18.5 Welding of shell
   18.6 Welding of roof
   18.7 Temporary welds
   18.8 Atmospheric conditions
   18.9 Preheating
   18.10 Post-weld heat treatment
   18.11 Repair welding
19 Testing and inspection
   19.1 General
   19.2 Qualification of NDT personnel
   19.3 Test procedures
   19.4 Type of inspections and examinations
   19.5 Vacuum box test
   19.6 Penetrant test
   19.7 Magnetic particle examination
   19.8 Soap bubble examination
   19.9 Radiographic examination
   19.10 Ultrasonic examination
   19.11 Acceptance criteria
   19.12 Dimensional check
   19.13 Hydrostatic and pneumatic tests
   19.14 Empty checks
   19.15 Accessories
20 Documentation and name-plate
   20.1 Documentation
   20.2 Name-plate
Annex A (normative) Information and requirements to be
                    documented
   A.1 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
   A.2 Information agreed between the purchaser and the
         manufacturer
   A.3 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer
   A.4 Information to be supplied by the steel manufacturer
   A.5 Information to be agreed between the steel manufacturer
         and the tank manufacturer
   A.6 Information to be agreed between the purchaser and the
         cover supplier
   A.7 Information to be agreed between the tank manufacturer
         and the cover supplier
   A.8 Information to be supplied by the cover supplier
Annex B (informative) Operational and safety considerations for
                      storage tanks and storage installations
   B.1 General
   B.2 Tank type
   B.3 Health, safety and environmental considerations
   B.4 Attachments to tanks for safety or firefighting
         facilities
Annex C (normative) Requirements for floating covers
   C.1 General
   C.2 Types of floating covers
   C.3 Design and construction requirements
   C.4 Installation
   C.5 Documentation
Annex D (normative) Requirements for floating roofs
   D.1 General
   D.2 Roof types
   D.3 Design
   D.4 Prefabrication in the workshop
   D.5 Marking, packing, handling, transport
   D.6 Assembly
   D.7 Welding
   D.8 Inspection and testing
   D.9 Documentation
Annex E (normative) Requirements for rim seals for floating
                    roofs
   E.1 General
   E.2 Design
   E.3 Seal types
   E.4 Weather shields
   E.5 Application and technical details of rim seals
   E.6 Installation
Annex F (normative) Selection of carbon and carbon manganese
                    steel plate to alternative specifications
                    to those in 6.1
   F.1 Alternative national standards
   F.2 General
   F.3 Chemical composition
   F.4 Mechanical properties
   F.5 Impact testing
Annex G (informative) Recommendations for seismic provisions for
                      storage tanks
   G.1 General
   G.2 Design loads
   G.3 Resistance to overturning
   G.4 Shell compression
   G.5 Anchorage of tanks
   G.6 Piping
   G.7 Sloshing height
Annex H (informative) Recommendations for other types of tank
                      bottoms (double bottoms, elevated bottoms
                      etc.)
   H.1 Non-fully supported bottoms
   H.2 Double bottoms
   H.3 Elevated or beam supported tanks
   H.4 Leak test
Annex I (informative) Recommendations for tank foundations
   I.1 General
   I.2 Soil Investigation
   I.3 Foundation design
   I.4 Types of foundations
Annex J (informative) Example calculations of stiffening rings
                      (wind girders)
   J.1 General
   J.2 Section moduli
   J.3 Worked examples of design of secondary stiffening rings
         (wind girders)
   J.4 Example 1
   J.5 Example 2
Annex K (normative) Design rules for tanks with frangible roof to
                    shell joints
   K.1 General
   K.2 Construction
   K.3 Materials
   K.4 Design rules
Annex L (normative) Requirements for venting systems
   L.1 General
   L.2 Types of vents and valves
   L.3 Calculation of maximum flow rates for normal outbreathing
         and inbreathing
   L.4 Calculation of maximum flow rates for emergency pressure
         venting
   L.5 Emergency vacuum venting
   L.6 Testing venting devices
   L.7 Manufacturers documentation and marking of venting devices
Annex M (informative) Tank anchorages
   M.1 General
   M.2 Holding down strap
   M.3 Holding down bolt with individual chair
   M.4 Holding down bolt with continuous support ring
Annex N (informative) Weld details for the connection of mounting
   N.1 Set-through mountings
   N.2 Set-on mountings
   N.3 Studded pad connections
Annex O (informative) Flush-type clean-out doors and water
                      draw-off sumps
   O.1 Flush-type clean-out doors
   O.2 Water-draw-off sumps
   O.3 Combined water draw-off and clean-out sump
Annex P (informative) Heating and/or cooling systems
   P.1 General
   P.2 Heat transfer fluid
   P.3 Type of heating or cooling devices
   P.4 Installation
Annex Q (informative) Recommendations for the design and
                      application of insulation
   Q.1 General
   Q.2 Design considerations
   Q.3 Mechanical support arrangement
   Q.4 Design details
   Q.5 Corrosion protection
   Q.6 Insulation
   Q.7 Cladding
   Q.8 Securing insulation materials
   Q.9 Fire hazard
Annex R (normative) Surface finish
   R.1 Internal surfaces in contact with the product
   R.2 External surfaces
Bibliography

This document specifies the requirements for the materials, design, fabrication, erection, testing and inspection of site built, vertical, cylindrical, flat bottomed, above ground, welded, steel tanks for the storage of liquids at ambient temperatures and above, and the technical agreements that need to be reached (see Annex A).This document does not apply to tanks where the product is refrigerated to maintain it as a liquid at atmospheric pressure (see prEN 14620).This document is concerned with the structural integrity of the basic tank structure and does not provide requirements for considering process design, operational issues, safety and firefighting facilities, in-service inspection, maintenance or repair. These aspects are covered in detail in other Codes of Practice (see Annex B).1.2This document applies to closed-top tanks, with and without internal floating covers (see Annex C) and open-top tanks, with and without floating roofs (see Annexes D and E). It does not apply to 'lift-type' gas holders.1.3This document applies to storage tanks with the following characteristics:a)design pressure less than 500 mbar ) and design internal negative pressure not lower than 20 mbar (see 5.1 for pressure limitations);b)design metal temperature not lower than -40 °C and not higher than +300 °C (see 5.2.2);c)maximum design liquid level not higher than the top of the cylindrical shell.1.4The limits of application of this document terminate at the following locations.- face of the first flange in a bolted flange connection;- first threaded joint on the pipe or coupling outside of the tank shell, roof or bottom;- first circumferential joint in a pipe not having a flange connection.1.5 This document is applicable to steel tanks with a maximum design strength £ 260 N/mm2.1.6In addition to the definitive requirements, this document also requires the items detailed in Annex A to be documented. For compliance with this document,