HB 100-2000 (CJC 4)

1 - HB 100-2000 (CJC 4-2000) COORDINATION OF POWER AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS-MANUAL FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SAFE WORK PRACTICES AND...
5 - PREFACE
6 - SECTIONS
8 - SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
9 - 1.1 History
9 - 1.2 Management Responsibility
9 - 1.3 Top Management Support
9 - 1.4 Costs
9 - 1.5 Why is Coordination Necessary?
9 - 1.5.1 General
10 - 1.5.2 Direct Contact
10 - 1.5.3 Indirect Interaction between Power and Telstra Plant
11 - 1.5.4 Limits for LFI and EPR Voltages, and EPR Hazard Zones
11 - 1.5.5 Visual Pollution and Conservation of Footpath Space
11 - 1.5.6 Summary
11 - 1.6 Future of the Coordination Process
12 - SECTION 2: PURPOSE, PLAN AND USE OF MANUAL
12 - 2.1 Purpose
12 - 2.2 Plan and Use of the Manual
14 - SECTION 3: AUSTRALIAN ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF COORDINATION
15 - 3.1 Implementation of Coordination
15 - 3.1.1 Principles
15 - 3.1.2 Local Interchange of Information
15 - 3.2 Organization for the Determination of Coordination Principles, Practices, and Agreements
15 - 3.2.1 General
15 - 3.2.2 Joint ESAA/Telecommunications Committees
16 - 3.2.3 Quadrennial Joint Conferences
16 - 3.2.4 Electricity Supply Association of Australia Limited (ESAA)
16 - 3.2.5 International Conference on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE)
16 - 3.2.6 International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication ((ITU-T) formerly known as CCITT)
18 - SECTION 4: THE AUSTRALIAN POWER AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS, DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENTS
19 - 4.1 General
19 - 4.2 Electric Power Systems
19 - 4.2.1 Local Details
19 - 4.2.2 Structure of Power Systems
24 - 4.2.3 Growth and Modification of Power Systems
26 - 4.2.4 Documentation, Identification and Physical Features
28 - 4.2.5 Basic Electrical Characteristics and System Concepts
34 - 4.2.6 Earthing and Power System Protection
43 - 4.2.7 Power System Developments
47 - 4.3 The Telstra System
47 - 4.3.1 Network Features
49 - 4.3.2 Constructional Practices for Telstra Circuits
50 - 4.3.3 Telstra System Protection and Earthing Practices
50 - 4.3.4 Telstra Exchange and Customer Equipment
51 - 4.3.5 Telstra System Developments
51 - 4.4 Distribution Practices of Power Utilities and Telstra
51 - 4.4.1 General
51 - 4.4.2 Wholly Underground Reticulation
52 - 4.4.3 Joint Use of Poles
52 - 4.4.4 Erection of Poles by Both Parties
52 - 4.4.5 Crossing and Stays
54 - SECTION 5: JOINT PROJECT GROUPS AND ISSUES
54 - 5.1 Introduction
54 - 5.2 Organization and Implementation Project Group
54 - 5.3 Liaison Project Group
54 - 5.4 Construction and Shared Plant Project Group
54 - 5.5 Noise Mitigation Project Group
55 - 5.6 Impact of Power Faults Project Group
55 - 5.7 Reestablishment of CJC within Standards Australia
56 - SECTION 6: ELECTRICAL AND PHYSICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN POWER AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS PLANT
57 - 6.1 Direct Contact
58 - 6.2 Types of Coupling and Theory of Interaction between Power and Telstra Plant
58 - 6.2.1 Introduction
59 - 6.2.2 Conductive Coupling
59 - 6.2.3 Electromagnetic Coupling
61 - 6.2.4 Electrostatic Coupling
63 - 6.3 Types of Interference and Limits Which Are Applied in Australia
63 - 6.3.1 General
63 - 6.3.2 Limits Controlling Danger to Persons
66 - 6.3.3 Limits Controlling Damage to Plant
67 - 6.3.4 Limits Controlling Disturbances to Telstra Lines - Noise
68 - 6.4 Conductive Coupling and Earth Potential Rise
68 - 6.4.1 Occurrence of Conductive Coupling
68 - 6.4.2 Direct Contact
69 - 6.4.3 Indirect Conductive Coupling
69 - 6.4.4 Earth Potential Rise (EPR)
77 - 6.4.5 Sharing Earthing Systems
77 - 6.4.6 Theory and Control of Noise from Conductive Coupling
82 - 6.5 Theory and Control of Electromagnetic Induction from Power Lines to Telstra Lines
82 - 6.5.1 General
82 - 6.5.2 Mechanism of Induction at 50 Hz During Earth Faults
83 - 6.5.3 Calculation of Longitudinal Induced Voltage
84 - 6.5.4 Evaluation of Factors for Calculating Induced Longitudinal Voltages
104 - 6.5.5 Overvoltage Protection of Telstra Plant when Longitudinal Induced Voltage Exceeds Limits
105 - 6.5.6 Voice Frequency (VF) Induction and Noise
106 - 6.5.7 Mechanism of Induction from Power Lines to Telstra Lines at Voice Frequencies
108 - 6.5.8 Voice Frequency Currents on Power Lines
108 - 6.5.9 Noise Effects of Voice Frequency Currents
109 - 6.5.10 An Inductive Coupled Noise Example
110 - 6.5.11 Shielding Theory and Practice
111 - 6.5.12 Generation of Harmonic
115 - 6.5.13 Resonant Power Lines
117 - 6.5.14 Noise Effects on Various Telstra Circuit Types
119 - 6.5.15 Noise from Balanced HV Power Lines - Operating Normally
120 - 6.5.16 Noise from Unbalanced HV Power Lines
124 - 6.5.17 Noise from HV Power Lines - During Faults and Switching
124 - 6.5.18 Noise Measurements
131 - 6.5.19 Noise Chokes and Noise Neutralization in Telstra Lines
132 - 6.6 Theory and Control of Electrostatic Induction from Power Lines to Telstra Line
133 - 6.7 References
134 - SECTION 7: RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SHARED PLANT AND CROSSINGS
135 - 7.1 Mechanism of Interaction
135 - 7.1.1 Introduction
135 - 7.1.2 Interaction for Underground Cabling and Shared Trenches
136 - 7.1.3 Interaction for Crossings
136 - 7.1.4 Interaction for Joint Use
136 - 7.2 Procedures for Forward Planning
136 - 7.2.1 Procedures Applicable to the Recommended Practices for Plant Underground
136 - 7.2.2 Procedures Applicable to the Arrangement for Sharing of Trenches
137 - 7.2.3 Procedures Applicable to the Crossings Code
137 - 7.2.4 Procedures Applicable to the Joint Use of Poles
138 - 7.3 Reasons for Coordination
138 - 7.3.1 Recommended Practices for Plant Underground
138 - 7.3.2 Sharing of Trenches
138 - 7.3.3 Crossings
139 - 7.3.4 Joint Use
139 - 7.4 Standards and Limits Applied
139 - 7.5 Critical System Variables and Other Factors Contributing to Successful Sharing of Plant
139 - 7.5.1 Recommended Practices for Plant Underground
141 - 7.5.2 Shared Trenches
141 - 7.5.3 Crossings
141 - 7.5.4 Joint Use
142 - 7.5.5 Impact of Aerial Bundled Cable (ABC) on Crossings and Joint Use
145 - 7.6 Design to Limit Effects and Gain Benefits and Checks Made to Ensure Adequate Coordination Is Applied
145 - 7.7 Job Work Instructions and References
146 - 7.8 Calculation, Measurement and Diagnosis
146 - 7.9 Agreement on Least Cost Solutions
146 - 7.10 Sharing of Costs
146 - 7.10.1 Basic Principles
146 - 7.10.2 Recommended Practices for Plant Underground
146 - 7.10.3 Shared Trenches
147 - 7.10.4 Crossings
148 - 7.10.5 Joint Use
150 - SECTION 8: LIMITING EFFECTS OF POWER SYSTEM FAULTS
151 - 8.1 Mechanism of Interaction
151 - 8.1.1 Source of Interaction: Fault Current
151 - 8.1.2 Fault Current Returning via Earth
151 - 8.1.3 Earth Potential Rise (EPR)
154 - 8.1.4 Low Frequency Induction (LFI)
154 - 8.2 Procedures for Forward Planning
154 - 8.2.1 General
155 - 8.2.2 Procedures Applicable to the EPR Code
156 - 8.2.3 Procedures Applicable to the LFI Code and Application Guide
157 - 8.3 Reasons for Coordination: Case Histories: Failure Modes
157 - 8.3.1 EPR
157 - 8.3.2 LFI
158 - 8.3.3 Case Histories Indicating Problems from Inadequate Coordination
160 - 8.4 Standards and Limits Applied
160 - 8.4.1 General
161 - 8.4.2 LFI Limits
162 - 8.4.3 EPR Limits and Hazard Zones
163 - 8.5 Critical System Variables and Other Factors Contributing to Successful EPR and LFI Coordination
163 - 8.5.1 General
163 - 8.5.2 EPR
164 - 8.5.3 LFI
164 - 8.5.4 New Developments in Power System Practice Which Affect EPR and LFI Coordination Problems
165 - 8.5.5 Developments in Telstra Practice Which Affect EPR and LFI Coordination Problems
165 - 8.6 Design to Limit Effects and Gain Benefits and Checks Made to Ensure Adequate Coordination Is Applied
166 - 8.7 Job Work Instructions and References
166 - 8.8 Calculation, Measurement and Diagnosis
166 - 8.8.1 Introduction
166 - 8.8.2 EPR
173 - 8.8.3 Calculation of LFI
177 - 8.9 Agreement on Least Cost Solution
177 - 8.10 Sharing of Costs
177 - 8.10.1 Basic Principles
178 - 8.10.2 EPR
180 - SECTION 9: LIMITING NOISE INTERFERENCES
181 - 9.1 Mechanism of Noise Interference Interaction between Power and Telstra Systems
181 - 9.1.1 Introduction
181 - 9.1.2 Inductively Coupled Noise
185 - 9.1.3 Conductively Coupled Noise
190 - 9.1.4 Capacitively Coupled Noise
190 - 9.1.5 Telstra Faults
190 - 9.1.6 Noise from HV Power Lines: During Faults and Switching
191 - 9.2 Procedures for Forward Planning
191 - 9.2.1 Procedures Explicitly Required by Codes and Application Guides
192 - 9.2.2 Control Through Procedures in Other Codes
192 - 9.2.3 Situations Where No Formal Procedures Exist
192 - 9.3 Reasons for Coordination: Case Histories: Failure Modes
192 - 9.3.1 Introduction
193 - 9.3.2 Unbalanced HV Power Lines Code
193 - 9.3.3 The Joint ESAA/Telstra Noise Review
193 - 9.3.4 Case Histories
196 - 9.4 Standards and Limits Applied
196 - 9.4.1 Noise Limits
196 - 9.4.2 Noise Effects on Various Telstra Circuit Types
197 - 9.5 Critical System Variables
197 - 9.5.1 General
197 - 9.5.2 Power System Control
198 - 9.5.3 Power Customer Control
198 - 9.5.4 Telstra Control
198 - 9.6 Design to Limit Effects and Gain Benefits and Checks Made to Ensure Adequate Coordination is Applied
199 - 9.7 Job Work Instructions and References
199 - 9.8 Calculation, Measurement and Diagnosis
199 - 9.8.1 General
199 - 9.8.2 Telecommunications System Measurements
200 - 9.8.3 Power System Measurements
201 - 9.9 Agreement on Least Cost Solution
201 - 9.10 Cost Sharing
201 - 9.10.1 Principles and Examples
202 - 9.10.2 Costs of Investigations
202 - 9.10.3 Cost Estimates
204 - SECTION 10: COORDINATION AT CUSTOMER PREMISES AND ON PRIVATE PROPERTY
205 - 10.1 Mechanism of Interaction between Power and Telecommunication Systems
205 - 10.1.1 General
205 - 10.1.2 Principles Controlling Safety
206 - 10.2 Procedures for Forward Planning
206 - 10.3 Reasons for Coordination: Case Histories: Failure Modes
206 - 10.3.1 Prevention of Direct Contacts
207 - 10.3.2 Sharing and Bonding of Power and Telecommunications Earthing Systems
207 - 10.3.3 EPR Considerations
207 - 10.3.4 Noise Considerations
207 - 10.3.5 Case Histories
208 - 10.4 Standards and Limits Applied
208 - 10.4.1 ESAA/Telstra
208 - 10.4.2 AUSTEL/ACA
208 - 10.4.3 Standards Australia
209 - 10.4.4 Prevention of Direct Contacts
209 - 10.4.5 EPR Considerations
209 - 10.4.6 Sharing and Bonding of Earthing Systems
210 - 10.4.7 Noise Considerations
210 - 10.5 Critical System Variables
210 - 10.5.1 Prevention of Direct Contacts
210 - 10.5.2 EPR Control
211 - 10.5.3 Sharing and Bonding of Earthing Systems
211 - 10.5.4 Noise Control
212 - 10.6 Design to Limit Effects and Gain Benefits and Checks Made to Ensure Adequate Coordination Is Applied
212 - 10.7 Job Work Instructions and References
212 - 10.8 Calculation, Measurement and Diagnosis
212 - 10.9 Agreement on Least Cost Solution
212 - 10.10 Sharing of Costs
214 - SECTION 11: ESAA/TELSTRA LIAISONS WITH STANDARDS AND REGULATORY BODIES
214 - 11.1 Regulatory Arrangements: Telecommunications
214 - 11.2 Regulatory Arrangements: Power utilities
214 - 11.3 Standards Australia
214 - 11.4 International
214 - 11.5 New Zealand
216 - SECTION 12: CODES, GUIDES, TEXTS, STANDARDS AND PAPERS
217 - 12.1 Telstra/ESAA Codes, Agreements and Application Guides
219 - 12.2 Additional Publications Sponsored Jointly by Telstra and ESAA
221 - 12.3 Major texts and Reference Books
221 - 12.4 Papers, Guidelines, etc., Published by ESAA or Australian Power Utilities or Available through ESAA
221 - 12.5 Power and Telecommunication Systems Coordination Conference, 19 March 1997, Melbourne, Australia
222 - 12.6 Publications and Projects of Committee ET/7 (CCPT)
223 - 12.7 Other Standards
224 - 12.8 Other Relevant Papers

This Manual gives advice on the responsibilities and accountability of office and field managers both of power utilities and of Telstra for the effective and efficient coordination of the power and Telstra systems. It gives detailed analysis of physical interactions between the systems and details of safe work practices.

First published as HB 100-2000 (CJC 4).