FOREWORD
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Procedures for calibrations
5.1 Principles
5.2 Field limitations
5.3 Schematic survey of procedures
5.4 Reporting of results
5.5 Recalibration periods
5.6 Temperature and pressure considerations for
calibration
6 Preparation of transducers
6.1 Wetting
6.2 Hydrophone support
6.3 Influence of cable
7 Electrical measurements
7.1 Signal type
7.2 Earthing
7.3 Measurement of hydrophone output voltage
7.4 Measurement of projector current
7.5 Measurement of transfer impedance
8 Free-field reciprocity calibration
8.1 General principle
8.2 Theory
8.3 Separation distance
8.4 Minimum distance from transducers to boundary surface
8.5 Frequency limitation
8.6 Measurements and checks
8.7 Uncertainty
9 Free-field calibration by comparison
9.1 Principle
9.2 Comparison with a standard hydrophone
9.3 Calibration with a calibrated projector
10 Calibration by hydrostatic excitation
10.1 Principle
10.2 Determination of equivalent pressure
10.3 Measurement of the sensitivity of hydrophones
10.4 Design of vibration system
10.5 Uncertainty
10.6 Alternative method for hydrostatic excitation
11 Calibration by piezoelectric compensation
11.1 Principle
11.2 Procedure
11.3 Design of the calibration chamber
11.4 Practical limitations of the piezoelectric
compensation method
11.5 Uncertainty
12 Acoustic coupler reciprocity calibration
12.1 Principle
12.2 Procedure
12.3 Theory
12.4 Acoustic compliance
12.5 High-frequency limit
12.6 Low-frequency limit
12.7 Measurement
12.8 Uncertainty
12.9 Limitations
12.10 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a reference
coupler with two reciprocal transducers and an
auxiliary coupler with the same two transducers
and a hydrophone to be calibrated
12.11 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a reference coupler
with two reciprocal transducers and an auxiliary
coupler with the same two transducers, a hydrophone
to be calibrated, and a sound source
12.12 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a coupler,
a reciprocal transducer, a projector, a hydrophone
to be calibrated, and a subsidiary body of known
compliance
13 Calibration with a pistonphone
13.1 Principle
13.2 Procedure
13.3 Limitations
13.4 Uncertainty
14 Calibration with a vibrating column
14.1 Principle
14.2 Procedure
14.3 Expression for the pressure
14.4 Determination of the sensitivity
14.5 Conditions of measurement
14.6 Uncertainty
Annex A (informative) Directional response of a hydrophone
Annex B (informative) Electrical loading corrections
Annex C (informative) Pulsed techniques in free-field
calibrations
Annex D (informative) Assessment of uncertainty in the
calibration of hydrophones
Annex E (informative) Equivalent circuit of the excitation
system for calibration with a vibrating
column
Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international
publications with their corresponding
European publications
Bibliography