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  • IEC TR 61438:1996

    Current The latest, up-to-date edition.

    Possible safety and health hazards in the use of alkaline secondary cells and batteries - Guide to equipment manufacturers and users

    Available format(s):  Hardcopy, PDF, PDF 3 Users, PDF 5 Users, PDF 9 Users

    Language(s):  English - French

    Published date:  28-11-1996

    Publisher:  International Electrotechnical Committee

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    FOREWORD
    INTRODUCTION
    Clause
    1 Scope
    2 Normative references
    3 Definitions
    4 General safety advice
    5 Explosion hazards
    6 Pressure rupture
    7 Chemical burns (electrolyte)
    8 High power level hazard
    9 High voltage levels (shock)
    10 Thermal runaway
    11 Disposal
    12 Other recommendations

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Outlines the fundamental conditions necessary for the creation of each hazard. It includes identification and characterization of the possible hazards inherent in the application, use, and abuse of nickel-cadmium cells and batteries. It also includes examples for appliance design which minimizes these hazards. Additionally it presents some typical but non-exhaustive examples of misuse that may precipitate or actions which mitigate the hazard.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Document Type Technical Report
    Publisher International Electrotechnical Committee
    Status Current

    Standards Referenced By This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    BS EN 50272-4:2007 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS - PART 4: BATTERIES FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLIANCES
    IEC TR 62188:2003 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Design and manufacturing recommendations for portable batteries made from sealed secondary cells
    13/30292163 DC : 0 BS EN 60623 - SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - VENTED NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS
    CEI EN 62259 : 2005 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC SECONDARY SINGLE CELLS WITH PARTIAL GAS RECOMBINATION
    UNE-EN 50272-1:2011 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 1: General safety information
    BIS IS 16046 : 2015 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
    BS EN 62259:2004 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC SECONDARY SINGLE CELLS WITH PARTIAL GAS RECOMBINATION
    EN 62133-1:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems
    I.S. EN 62133:2013 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS (IEC 62133:2012 (EQV))
    I.S. EN IEC 62485-1:2018 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS - PART 1: GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION
    BS EN 50272-1:2010 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS - PART 1: GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION
    16/30350625 DC : 0 BS EN 62485-5 ED 1.0 - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS - PART 5: LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES FOR STATIONARY APPLICATIONS
    EN 60623:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
    EN 50272-1:2010 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 1: General safety information
    EN 62259:2004 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Nickel-cadmium prismatic secondary single cells with partial gas recombination
    EN 62675:2014 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Sealed nickel-metal hydride prismatic rechargeable single cells
    EN 50272-4:2007 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 4: Batteries for use in portable appliances
    EN IEC 62485-2:2018 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 2: Stationary batteries
    EN 61809:2000 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed alkaline secondary cells and batteries
    BIS IS 16049 : 2013 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SEALED NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS
    I.S. EN 62675:2014 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SEALED NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE PRISMATIC RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS
    I.S. EN IEC 62485-2:2018 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS - PART 2: STATIONARY BATTERIES
    EN 62133-2:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 2: Lithium systems
    IEC 62485-2:2010 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 2: Stationary batteries
    IEC 60623:2017 RLV Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
    I.S. EN 62133-1:2017 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS - PART 1: NICKEL SYSTEMS
    BS EN 62675:2014 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes. Sealed nickel-metal hydride prismatic rechargeable single cells
    02/208499 DC : DRAFT AUG 2002
    BS EN 60622:2003 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SEALED NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS
    13/30294644 DC : 0 BS EN 62133-1 - SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS - PART 1: NICKEL SYSTEMS
    11/30242269 DC : 0 BS EN 62675 - SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SEALED NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE PRISMATIC RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
    I.S. EN 50272-1:2010 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS - PART 1: GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION
    IEC 60622:2002 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Sealed nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
    BS EN 62133-1:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes. Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications Nickel systems
    CSA E62133 : 2013 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
    03/119704 DC : DRAFT DEC 2003 IEC 61427 ED.2 - SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES FOR SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY SYSTEMS - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS OF TEST
    BS EN 62133:2013 (published 2013-09) Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes. Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications
    CEI EN 62133 : 2014 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
    IEC 62133 : 2.0EN+(REDLINE+VERSION) SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
    IEC 62675:2014 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Sealed nickel-metal hydride prismatic rechargeable single cells
    UNE-EN 62133:2013 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications
    CEI EN 60622 : 2003 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SEALED NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS
    BS EN 60623:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes. Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
    I.S. EN 60622:2003 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SEALED NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS
    CEI EN 50272-4 : 2007 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS - PART 4: BATTERIES FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLIANCES
    08/30182018 DC : DRAFT MAY 2008 BS EN 62133 - SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
    DIN EN 61809 : 2001 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED ALKALINE SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES
    I.S. EN 62133-2:2017 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS - PART 2: LITHIUM SYSTEMS
    IEC 60623 REDLINE : 5ED 2017 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - VENTED NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS
    I.S. EN 50272-4:2007 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS - PART 4: BATTERIES FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLIANCES
    I.S. EN 62259:2004 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - NICKEL-CADMIUM PRISMATIC SECONDARY SINGLE CELLS WITH PARTIAL GAS RECOMBINATION
    CSA C22.2 No. 62133 : 2017 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED SECONDARY CELLS, AND FOR BATTERIES MADE FROM THEM, FOR USE IN PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
    BS EN 61809:2001 SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE SEALED ALKALINE SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES
    IEC 61809:2000 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed alkaline secondary cells and batteries
    IEC 62259:2003 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Nickel-cadmium prismatic secondary single cells with partial gas recombination
    IEC 60623:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
    EN 60622:2003 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Sealed nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
    EN IEC 62485-1:2018 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations - Part 1: General safety information
    EN 62133:2013 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications

    Standards Referencing This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    IEC 60993:1989 Electrolyte for vented nickel-cadmium cells
    IEC 60050-486:1991 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 486: Secondary cells and batteries
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