IEEE DRAFT 1127 : D7 DEC 96

CLAUSE
1 Overview 8
 1.1 Scope
 1.2 Purpose
2 References 8
3 Definitions 9
4 Planning Strategies and Design
 4.1 Site Location, Selection and Preparation
 4.1.1 Site Location and Selection
    4.1.1.1 Wetlands 11
    4.1.1.2 Site Contamination
    4.1.1.3 Potable Water and Sewage
 4.1.2 Site Preparation
    4.1.2.1 Grade 12
    4.1.2.2 Sediment Control
    4.1.2.3 Oil-Spill Containment and Control
    4.1.2.4 Access Roads
    4.1.2.5 Potable Water and Sewage
 4.1.3 Storm-Water Management
    4.1.3.1 Upstream Considerations
    4.1.3.2 Downstream Considerations
    4.1.3.3 General Design Considerations
 4.2 Aesthetics
 4.2.1 Visual Simulation
 4.2.2 Slide Library
 4.2.3 Landscaping and Topography
    4.2.3.1 Landscaping
    4.2.3.2 Topography
 4.2.4 Fences and Walls
    4.2.4.1 Chain Link Fences
    4.2.4.2 Wood Fences
    4.2.4.3 Walls 17
 4.2.5 Color
 4.2.6 Lighting 17
 4.2.7 Structures 17
 4.2.8 Enclosures
 4.2.9 Bus Design
    4.2.9.1 Air Insulated Substations
    4.2.9.2 Switchgear 19
    4.2.9.3 Gas Insulated Substations (GIS)
    4.2.9.4 Cable Bus
 4.3 Noise
 4.3.1 Noise Sources
    4.3.1.1 Continuous Audible Sources
    4.3.1.2 Continuous Radio Frequency Sources
    4.3.1.3 Impulse Sources
 4.3.2 Typical Noise Levels
    4.3.2.1 Equipment Noise Levels
    4.3.2.2 Ambient Noise Levels
    4.3.2.3 Attenuation of Noise with Distance
 4.3.3 Governmental Regulations
 4.3.4 Noise Abatement Methods
    4.3.4.1 Reduced Transformer Sound Levels
    4.3.4.2 Low-Impulse Noise Equipment
    4.3.4.3 RF Noise and Corona-Induced Audible
              Noise Control
    4.3.4.4 Site Location
    4.3.4.5 Larger Yard Area
    4.3.4.6 Equipment Placement
    4.3.4.7 Barriers or Walls
    4.3.4.8 Active Noise Cancellation Techniques
 4.3.5 Community Acceptance
 4.4 Electric and Magnetic Fields
 4.4.1 Electric and Magnetic Field Sources in a Substation
 4.4.2 Electric Fields
    4.4.2.1 Governmental Regulations
    4.4.2.2 Reduction Methods
    4.4.2.3 Community Acceptance
 4.4.3 Magnetic Fields 32
    4.4.3.1 Magnetic Field Measurements
    4.4.3.2 Magnetic Field Calculation Methods
    4.4.3.3 Governmental Regulations
    4.4.3.4 Reduction Methods
    4.4.3.5 Community Acceptance
 4.5 Safety and Security
 4.5.1 Fences and Walls
 4.5.2 Lighting 36
 4.5.3 Grounding
 4.5.4 Fire Protection
5 Permitting Process 36
 5.1 Active Community Involvement
 5.2 Low Key Community Involvement
6 Construction
 6.1 Site Preparation
 6.1.1 Clearing, Grubbing, Excavation, and Grading
 6.1.2 Site Access Roads
 6.1.3 Water Drainage
 6.1.4 Control Methods
    6.1.4.1 Dust and Mud Control
    6.1.4.2 Erosion and Sedimentation Control
 6.2 Noise
 6.3 Safety and Security
 6.4 Traffic Control
 6.5 Site Housekeeping
 6.6 Hazardous Material
7 Operations 40
 7.1 Site Housekeeping
 7.1.1 Water and Sediment Control
 7.1.2 Yard Surface Control
 7.1.3 Paint 41
 7.1.4 Landscaping
 7.1.5 Storage 41
 7.2 Noise
 7.2.1 Continuous Audible Sources
 7.2.2 Impulse Source
 7.3 Safety and Security
 7.4 Fire Protection
 7.5 Hazardous Material
Information Annex
A Bibliography 43

Gives significant environmental items to be considered in the design, construction and operation of safe and reliable substations for environmental and community acceptance.