API 2016 : 2001
Superseded
A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.
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GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES FOR ENTERING AND CLEANING PETROLEUM STORAGE TANKS
Hardcopy , PDF
28-06-2021
English
01-01-2001
1 GENERAL
1.1 Scope
1.2 Applicability
1.3 Regulatory Requirements
1.4 Administrative Controls and Procedures
2 REFERENCES
2.1 Codes, Standards, and Related Publications
2.2 United States Government Regulations
2.3 Other Publications and References
3 DEFINITIONS
3.1 General
3.2 Definitions
4 PETROLEUM STORAGE TANK HAZARDS
4.1 Hazards
4.2 Oxygen Deficiency and Enrichment
4.3 Fires and Explosions
4.4 Toxic Substances
4.5 Stress Exposures
4.6 Physical and Other Hazards
5 VAPOR AND GAS FREEING, DEGASSING, AND VENTILATING
TANKS
5.1 General
5.2 Vapor and Gas Freeing (and Degassing) Hazards
5.3 Mechanical Vapor and Gas Freeing
5.4 Steam Vapor Freeing
5.5 Natural Ventilation
5.6 Inert Gas Purging
5.7 Displacement of Vapors Using Water (Fuel Oil)
5.8 Degassing
6 REMOVING SLUDGE AND RESIDUE FROM TANKS
6.1 General
6.2 Pumping and Vacuum Equipment
6.3 Safe Removal Precautions
6.4 Noninvasive Removal
6.5 Removal from Outside the Tank
6.6 Removal from Inside the Tank
6.7 Sludge Disposal
7 UNIQUE TANKS
7.1 General
7.2 Very Large Tanks
7.3 Floating Roof Tanks
7.4 Double Wall and Double Bottom Tanks
7.5 Low Pressure Storage Tanks
7.6 Conservation Tanks
8 SPECIFIC HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
8.1 General
8.2 Tanks with Pyrophoric Iron Sulfide Deposits
8.3 Cleaning Tanks With Products That Contain
Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2 S)
8.4 Tanks That Have Been In Leaded Service
8.5 Tanks Containing Hazardous Sludge and Residue
9 CONTROL OF IGNITION SOURCES
9.1 General
9.2 Internal Combustion Engines
9.3 Electrical Motors and Generators
9.4 Artificial Lighting
9.5 Electrical Bonding
9.6 Lightning Storms
9.7 Pyrophoric Iron Sulfide Deposits
9.8 Hot Work
9.9 Smoking
10 TANK CLEANING CHECKLIST
10.1 General
10.2 Preplanning
10.3 Removing Recoverable Product
10.4 Tank Isolation
10.5 Vapor-Freeing the Tank
10.6 Atmospheric Testing
10.7 Cleaning the Tank
10.8 Working Inside and Around the Tank
10.9 Returning the Tank to Service
10.10 Recommissioning
10.11 Recommissioning Safety Check
11 OXYGEN, COMBUSTIBLE GAS, AND TOXIC SUBSTANCE
INSTRUMENTS
11.1 General
11.2 Oxygen Monitors
11.3 Combustible Gas (Flammable Vapor) Indicators
11.4 Toxic Substance Testing Instruments
12 FLOATING ROOF HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH TANK CLEANING
12.1 General
12.2 Applicability
12.3 Floating Roof Stability
12.4 Floating Roof Legs
12.5 Roof Failure and Collapse
12.6 Entry Onto or Below Floating Roofs
(and Into Pontoons)
12.7 Inspections
12.8 Floating Roof Temporary Support Requirements
Figures
Tables
Provides guidance and information on the specific aspects of tank cleaning, in order to assist employers (owners/operators and contractors) to conduct safe tank cleaning operations in accordance with the requirements of ANSI/API Standard 2015.
DocumentType |
Standard
|
Pages |
112
|
PublisherName |
American Petroleum Institute
|
Status |
Superseded
|
SupersededBy |
API 2003 REDLINE : 2008 | PROTECTION AGAINST IGNITIONS ARISING OUT OF STATIC, LIGHTNING, AND STRAY CURRENTS |
API 652 : 2014 | LININGS OF ABOVEGROUND PETROLEUM STORAGE TANK BOTTOMS |
API 653 CHINESE : 2014 | TANK INSPECTION, REPAIR, ALTERATION, AND RECONSTRUCTION |
API 2201 : 2003 : R2010 | SAFE HOT TAPPING PRACTICES IN THE PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES |
API RP 2219 : 2016 | SAFE OPERATION OF VACUUM TRUCKS HANDLING FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS IN PETROLEUM SERVICE |
API 939-E : 2013 | IDENTIFICATION, REPAIR, AND MITIGATION OF CRACKING OF STEEL EQUIPMENT IN FUEL ETHANOL SERVICE |
API 653 : 2014 | TANK INSPECTION, REPAIR, ALTERATION, AND RECONSTRUCTION |
API 575 : 2014 | INSPECTION PRACTICES FOR ATMOSPHERIC AND LOW-PRESSURE STORAGE TANKS |
NFPA 30 : 2018 | FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS CODE |
API 2217A REDLINE : 2009 | GUIDELINES FOR SAFE WORK IN INERT CONFINED SPACES IN THE PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES |
API 2009 : 2002 | SAFE WELDING, CUTTING, AND HOT WORK PRACTICES IN THE PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES |
API 2009 : 2002 : R2007 | SAFE WELDING, CUTTING, AND HOT WORK PRACTICES IN THE PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES |
ANSI/ASSE Z117.1 : 2009 | SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ENTERING CONFINED SPACES |
API 1626 REDLINE : 2010 | STORING AND HANDLING ETHANOL AND GASOLINE-ETHANOL BLENDS AT DISTRIBUTION TERMINALS AND FILLING STATIONS |
NFPA 1 : 2021 | FIRE CODE |
API 652 CHINESE : 2014 | LINING OF ABOVEGROUND PETROLEUM STORAGE TANK BOTTOMS |
NFPA 326 : 2015 | SAFEGUARDING OF TANKS AND CONTAINERS FOR ENTRY, CLEANING, OR REPAIR |
API 2217A : 2009 | SAFE WORK IN INERT CONFINED SPACES IN THE PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES |
API 653 REDLINE : 2009 | TANK INSPECTION, REPAIR, ALTERATION, AND RECONSTRUCTION |
API TR 2568 : 2007 | EVAPORATIVE LOSS FROM THE CLEANING OF STORAGE TANKS |
ANSI Z117.1 REDLINE : 2009 | COMPARISON DOCUMENT OF ANSI/ASSE Z117.1 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CONFINED SPACES (FOR VERSIONS 1995, 2003 AND 2009) |
NFPA 69 : 2014 | EXPLOSION PREVENTION SYSTEMS |
EI GUIDANCE ON THE DECLASSIFICATION : 2010 | GUIDANCE ON THE DECLASSIFICATION OF TANKS PREVIOUSLY IN LEADED GASOLINE SERVICE |
ASTM E 2733 : 2010 : R2015 | Standard Guide for Investigation of Equipment Problems and Releases for Petroleum Underground Storage Tank Systems |
API 2610 : 2005 : R2010 | DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, AND INSPECTION OF TERMINAL AND TANK FACILITIES |
API RP 652 : 2020 | LININGS OF ABOVEGROUND PETROLEUM STORAGE TANK BOTTOMS |
API RP 77:2018 | RISK-BASED APPROACH FOR MANAGING HYDROCARBON VAPOR EXPOSURE DURING TANK GAUGING, SAMPLING, AND MAINTENANCE OF ONSHORE PRODUCTION FACILITIES |
API 2003 : 2015 | PROTECTION AGAINST IGNITIONS ARISING OUT OF STATIC, LIGHTNING, AND STRAY CURRENTS |
API 2027 : 2002 : R2007 | IGNITION HAZARDS AND SAFE WORK PRACTICES FOR ABRASIVE BLASTING OF ATMOSPHERIC STORAGE TANKS IN HYDROCARBON SERVICE |
ANSI/AIHA/ASSP Z9.9-2010 | PORTABLE VENTILATION SYSTEMS |
NFPA 350 : 2016 | SAFE CONFINED SPACE ENTRY AND WORK |
ANSI/ASSE Z117.1 : 2009 | SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ENTERING CONFINED SPACES |
API 1626 : 2010 | STORING AND HANDLING ETHANOL AND GASOLINE-ETHANOL BLENDS AT DISTRIBUTION TERMINALS AND FILLING STATIONS |
API 1615 : 2011 | INSTALLATION OF UNDERGROUND PETROLEUM STORAGE SYSTEMS |
API 2610:2005 | DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, AND INSPECTION OF TERMINAL AND TANK FACILITIES |
EI 1540 : 2014 | DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, COMMISSIONING, MAINTENANCE AND TESTING OF AVIATION FUELLING FACILITIES |
NACE SP 02 94 : 2006 | DESIGN, FABRICATION, AND INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANK SYSTEMS FOR CONCENTRATED FRESH AND PROCESS SULFURIC ACID AND OLEUM AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES |
ANSI Z117.1 REDLINE : 2009 | COMPARISON DOCUMENT OF ANSI/ASSE Z117.1 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CONFINED SPACES (FOR VERSIONS 1995, 2003 AND 2009) |
API RP 2027 : 2002 | IGNITION HAZARDS AND SAFE WORK PRACTICES FOR ABRASIVE BLASTING OF ATMOSPHERIC STORAGE TANKS IN HYDROCARBON SERVICE |
API RP 2201 : 2003 | SAFE HOT TAPPING PRACTICES IN THE PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES |
API 2027 : 2002 : R2012 | IGNITION HAZARDS AND SAFE WORK PRACTICES FOR ABRASIVE BLASTING OF ATMOSPHERIC STORAGE TANKS IN HYDROCARBON SERVICE |
ASTM E 2733 : 2010 | Standard Guide for Investigation of Equipment Problems and Releases for Petroleum Underground Storage Tank Systems |
API 1615 REDLINE : 2011 | INSTALLATION OF UNDERGROUND PETROLEUM STORAGE SYSTEMS |
API 575 CHINESE : 2014 | INSPECTION PRACTICES FOR ATMOSPHERIC AND LOW-PRESSURE STORAGE TANKS |
NFPA 1 : 2018 | FIRE CODE |
API 2003 : 2015 | PROTECTION AGAINST IGNITIONS ARISING OUT OF STATIC, LIGHTNING, AND STRAY CURRENTS |
NFPA 326 : 2015 | SAFEGUARDING OF TANKS AND CONTAINERS FOR ENTRY, CLEANING, OR REPAIR |
API 2217A : 2009 | SAFE WORK IN INERT CONFINED SPACES IN THE PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES |
API PUBL 2202 : 1991 | DISMANTLING AND DISPOSING OF STEEL FROM ABOVEGROUND LEADED GASOLINE STORAGE TANKS |
API RP 2219 : 2016 | SAFE OPERATION OF VACUUM TRUCKS HANDLING FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS IN PETROLEUM SERVICE |
NFPA 51B : 2014 | FIRE PREVENTION DURING WELDING, CUTTING, AND OTHER HOT WORK |
NFPA 70 : 2017 | NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE |
API RP 2026 : 2017 | SAFE ACCESS/EGRESS INVOLVING FLOATING ROOFS OF STORAGE TANKS IN PETROLEUM SERVICE |
CFR 29(PT1910.1000 TO END) : 0 | LABOR - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR |
API E2 : 2006 | BULLETIN ON MANAGEMENT OF NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS (NORM) IN OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION |
API 2015 : 2014 | REQUIREMENTS FOR SAFE ENTRY AND CLEANING OF PETROLEUM STORAGE TANKS |
NFPA 30 : 2018 | FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS CODE |
API RP 2207 : 2017 | PREPARING TANK BOTTOMS FOR HOT WORK |
API 650 : 2013 | WELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE |
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