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    AS 4326-1995

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    Superseded A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.
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    The storage and handling of oxidizing agents

    Available format(s):  Hardcopy, PDF 1 User, PDF 3 Users, PDF 5 Users, PDF 9 Users

    Superseded date:  30-06-2017

    Language(s): 

    Published date:  01-01-1995

    Publisher:  Standards Australia

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    1 - AS 4326-1995 THE STORAGE AND HANDLING OF OXIDIZING AGENTS
    4 - PREFACE
    5 - CONTENTS
    8 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
    8 - 1.1 SCOPE
    8 - 1.2 APPLICATION
    9 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
    9 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS
    9 - 1.4.1 Access
    9 - 1.4.2 Approved, approval
    9 - 1.4.3 Boundary
    9 - 1.4.4 Break tank (batch tank, head tank, day tank)
    9 - 1.4.5 Bulk
    9 - 1.4.6 Bund
    9 - 1.4.7 Bunker
    9 - 1.4.8 Compound
    9 - 1.4.9 Container
    9 - 1.4.10 CSC/IMO
    9 - 1.4.11 Fire resistance level (FRL)
    9 - 1.4.12 Hazardous area
    10 - 1.4.13 Incompatible
    10 - 1.4.14 Installation
    10 - 1.4.15 Intermediate bulk container (IBC)
    10 - 1.4.16 Material safety data sheet (MSDS)
    10 - 1.4.17 Minor storage
    10 - 1.4.18 Non-combustible
    10 - 1.4.19 Oxidizing agents
    10 - 1.4.20 Package
    10 - 1.4.21 Packaging
    10 - 1.4.22 Packaging Group (PG)
    10 - 1.4.23 Pipework
    11 - 1.4.24 Protected place
    11 - 1.4.25 React dangerously
    11 - 1.4.26 Regulatory authority
    11 - 1.4.27 Restricted area
    11 - 1.4.28 Retail premises
    11 - 1.4.29 Screen wall
    11 - 1.4.30 Shall, should, may
    11 - 1.4.31 Silo
    11 - 1.4.32 Stack
    11 - 1.4.33 Tank
    12 - 1.4.34 Transit storage
    12 - 1.5 PACKAGING
    12 - 1.6 MARKING
    12 - 1.7 SECURITY OF STORAGE AREAS
    13 - SECTION 2 MINOR STORAGE
    13 - 2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    13 - 2.2 CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION AS MINOR STORAGE
    13 - 2.3 REQUIREMENTS APPLICABLE TO MINOR STORAGE
    15 - SECTION 3 TRANSIT STORAGE
    15 - 3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    15 - 3.2 DELINEATION OF TRANSIT STORAGE AREAS
    15 - 3.3 REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSIT STORAGE
    17 - SECTION 4 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF PACKAGES
    17 - 4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    17 - 4.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
    17 - 4.3 TYPES OF PACKAGE STORES
    17 - 4.4 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF PACKAGE STORES
    18 - 4.5 STORAGE IN STACKS
    19 - 4.6 SEPARATION AND SEGREGATION
    19 - 4.6.1 Oxidizing agents having Subsidiary Risks
    19 - 4.6.2 Separation of package stores from protected places and boundaries
    20 - 4.6.3 Segregation of oxidizing agents
    21 - 4.7 STORAGE IN CABINETS
    21 - 4.7.1 Types of substances kept
    21 - 4.7.2 Maximum quantities to be kept
    21 - 4.7.3 Cabinet design
    21 - 4.7.4 Materials of cabinet construction
    21 - 4.7.5 Cabinet location
    21 - 4.7.6 Cabinet marking
    22 - 4.8 REQUIREMENTS FOR PACKAGE FILLING OPERATIONS
    23 - SECTION 5 BULK STORAGE OF SOLIDS
    23 - 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    23 - 5.2 DESIGN AND MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION OF STORAGE BUILDINGS
    23 - 5.3 STORAGE IN SILOS
    23 - 5.3.1 General
    23 - 5.3.2 Design and materials of construction of silos
    24 - 5.3.3 Filling and emptying silos
    24 - 5.3.4 Clearing blockages
    24 - 5.4 STORAGE IN BUNKERS
    24 - 5.5 SEPARATION AND SEGREGATION
    24 - 5.5.1 Separation of bulk stores from protected places
    24 - 5.5.2 Segregation of oxidizing agents from other dangerous goods
    24 - 5.6 ATMOSPHERIC CONTROL IN STORES
    24 - 5.6.1 Ventilation
    24 - 5.6.2 Humidity control
    25 - SECTION 6 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF LIQUIDS IN BULK
    25 - 6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    25 - 6.2 APPLICATION OF SECTION
    25 - 6.3 CONTAINER TYPES
    25 - 6.4 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS APPLICABLE TO ALL BULK CONTAINERS
    25 - 6.4.1 General
    25 - 6.4.2 Materials of construction
    26 - 6.4.3 Installation
    26 - 6.4.4 Foundation
    26 - 6.4.5 Supports
    26 - 6.4.6 Bearing area
    26 - 6.4.7 Vents
    27 - 6.4.8 Transfer points
    28 - 6.4.9 Liquid lines
    28 - 6.4.10 Overfill protection
    28 - 6.4.11 Ancillary equipment
    29 - 6.5 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PORTABLE BULK CONTAINERS
    29 - 6.6 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FIXED TANKS
    29 - 6.6.1 Tank design and construction
    30 - 6.6.2 Level indication
    30 - 6.6.3 Nozzles
    31 - 6.6.4 Overflow lines
    31 - 6.6.5 In-breathing vent
    31 - 6.6.6 Emergency venting
    31 - 6.7 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FIXED TANKS FOR THE BULK STORAGE OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND MIXTURES CONTAINING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
    31 - 6.7.1 Tank classification
    32 - 6.7.2 Materials of construction
    32 - 6.7.3 Tank design criteria
    34 - 6.7.4 Venting requirements
    35 - 6.7.5 Pipe connections
    35 - 6.7.6 Temperature indication
    35 - 6.7.7 Chemical treatment
    35 - 6.8 CONSIDERATIONS AND ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE BULK STORAGE OF AMMONIUM NITRATE LIQUID, UN NO. 2426
    35 - 6.8.1 General considerations
    35 - 6.8.2 Materials of construction
    36 - 6.8.3 Ancillary equipment
    37 - 6.8.4 Protection of tanks
    37 - 6.8.5 Location of tanks
    37 - 6.8.6 Operational considerations
    37 - 6.9 BUNDS AND COMPOUNDS
    37 - 6.9.1 General
    37 - 6.9.2 Capacity of compounds
    37 - 6.9.3 Design and construction
    39 - 6.9.4 Compound drainage
    39 - 6.9.5 Maintenance
    39 - 6.10 LOCATION OF BULK CONTAINERS
    41 - 6.11 FILLING OF BULK CONTAINERS
    41 - 6.11.1 General
    41 - 6.11.2 Filling connections
    42 - 6.11.3 Transfer hoses
    43 - SECTION 7 STORAGE IN INTERMEDIATE BULK CONTAINERS
    43 - 7.1 SCOPEOFSECTION
    43 - 7.2 CONSIDERATIONS SPECIFIC TO IBC STORAGE
    44 - SECTION 8 OPERATIONAL AND PERSONNEL SAFETY
    44 - 8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    44 - 8.2 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
    44 - 8.2.1 Control of entry
    44 - 8.2.2 Clear access
    44 - 8.2.3 Lighting
    44 - 8.2.4 Handling precautions
    44 - 8.2.5 Sources of heat and fire
    45 - 8.2.6 Checking of safety equipment
    45 - 8.2.7 Safety information
    45 - 8.3 MATERIALS HANDLING EQUIPMENT
    45 - 8.3.1 Powered vehicles
    46 - 8.3.2 Lifting appliances for IBCs
    46 - 8.3.3 Forklift attachments
    46 - 8.4 HOUSEKEEPING
    46 - 8.4.1 Site upkeep
    46 - 8.4.2 Bulk storage installations
    46 - 8.4.3 Package stores
    46 - 8.4.4 Inspection of plant and equipment
    47 - 8.5 EFFLUENT CONTROL
    47 - 8.6 CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE WORK
    47 - 8.6.1 General
    47 - 8.6.2 Routine work
    47 - 8.6.3 Work permit
    47 - 8.6.4 Preparation of worksite and plant
    48 - 8.6.5 Completion of work and commissioning
    48 - 8.6.6 Hot work
    48 - 8.6.7 Work inside a confined space
    48 - 8.7 PERSONNEL TRAINING
    48 - 8.7.1 Job knowledge
    48 - 8.7.2 Training
    49 - 8.7.3 Hygiene
    49 - 8.8 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
    49 - 8.8.1 General
    49 - 8.8.2 Type of personal protective equipment
    49 - 8.8.3 Occasions for use of personal protective equipment
    50 - 8.8.4 Care and maintenance of personal protective equipment
    50 - 8.9 FIRST AID
    50 - 8.9.1 General
    50 - 8.9.2 First aid procedures
    51 - SECTION 9 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
    51 - 9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    51 - 9.2 PLANNING FOR EMERGENCIES
    51 - 9.2.1 Considerations in designing premises
    51 - 9.2.2 Emergency plan
    52 - 9.3 MANIFEST
    52 - 9.4 PLACARDING
    52 - 9.4.1 Placarding of stores
    53 - 9.4.2 Safety information board
    53 - 9.5 MANAGEMENT OF LEAKS AND SPILLS
    53 - 9.5.1 General
    53 - 9.5.2 Clean-up materials and equipment
    53 - 9.5.3 Actions for dealing with leaks and spills
    54 - SECTION 10 FIRE PROTECTION
    54 - 10.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    54 - 10.2 APPLICATION
    54 - 10.3 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
    54 - 10.3.1 Hazards
    55 - 10.3.2 Fire fighting
    55 - 10.3.3 Design
    55 - 10.3.4 Compatibility
    55 - 10.3.5 Location
    55 - 10.3.6 Weather protection
    55 - 10.3.7 Fixed fire protection and detection systems
    56 - 10.3.8 Fire alarm systems
    56 - 10.4 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
    56 - 10.4.1 General
    56 - 10.4.2 Location
    56 - 10.4.3 Maintenance
    56 - 10.4.4 Limitations
    56 - 10.5 HOSE REELS
    56 - 10.5.1 General
    56 - 10.5.2 Location
    57 - 10.5.3 Maintenance
    57 - 10.6 FIRE HYDRANTS
    57 - 10.6.1 General
    57 - 10.6.2 Location
    57 - 10.6.3 Maintenance
    57 - 10.7 FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES
    57 - 10.7.1 Storage cabinets
    57 - 10.7.2 Stores other than storage cabinets
    58 - 10.7.3 Use of fire protection equipment
    58 - 10.8 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR UN NOS 1745, 1746, 2466, 2495 AND 2547
    58 - 10.8.1 General
    58 - 10.8.2 Minor quantities
    58 - 10.8.3 Quantities not exceeding 1000 kg
    58 - 10.8.4 Quantities exceeding 1000 kg
    58 - 10.9 ACTION IN THE EVENT OF A FIRE
    59 - SECTION 11 WASTE STORAGE AND DISPOSAL
    59 - 11.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
    59 - 11.2 STORAGE OF WASTES
    59 - 11.3 ITEMS FOR DISPOSAL
    59 - 11.3.1 Oxidizing agents
    59 - 11.3.2 Other items
    59 - 11.4 PRE-DISPOSAL TREATMENT OF EMPTY CONTAINERS
    59 - 11.5 METHODS OF DISPOSAL
    59 - 11.5.1 General
    60 - 11.5.2 Special considerations for the disposal of ammonium nitrate
    61 - APPENDIX A - HAZARDS PRESENTED BY OXIDIZING AGENTS
    61 - A1 FIRE HAZARDS
    61 - A2 HEALTH HAZARDS
    61 - A3 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
    62 - APPENDIX B - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
    65 - APPENDIX C - BIBLIOGRAPHY OF DOCUMENTS PROVIDING GUIDELINES ON THE PREPARATION OF EMERGENCY PLANS

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Sets out requirements and recommendations for the storage and handling of oxidizing agents, i.e. dangerous goods of Class 5.1, as classified in the ADG Code. The Standard applies to Class 5.1 swimming-pool chemicals and to Class 5.1 substances that have Subsidiary Risks assigned. It may also apply to substances of other Classes having a 5.1 Subsidiary Risk. A discussion of the hazards presented by oxidizing agents and a bibliography of documents providing guidelines on the preparation of emergency plans are provided in appendices.

    Scope - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    This Standard sets out requirements and recommendations for the safe storage and handling of oxidizing agents, i.e. substances that meet the Class 5.1 classification criteria of the ADG Code.This Standard also applies to other dangerous goods that are assigned a Class 5.1 subsidiary risk by the ADG Code, except where they are of Class 2 or where more stringent requirements apply under another relevant Australia Standard or applicable regulation.This Standard applies in locations that are generally industrial, commercial or rural in nature, including laboratories where the provisions of this Standard are additional to those of AS 2243.10. Where there is conflict between the requirements of this Standard and those of AS 2243.10, this Standard shall take precedence.The Standard does not apply to-(a) gases having a Class 5.1 Subsidiary Risk, e.g. oxygen, chlorine, nitrous oxide;(b) the transport of oxidizing agents, which is dealt with in the ADG Code; or(c) emulsions and slurries based on ammonium nitrate and fuels with or without other oxidizing agents, cross-linkers, pH buffers and water. (These mixtures are widely used in the explosives industry but do not meet the criteria for Class 1 dangerous goods. Examples of these are UN Nos. 1479 and 3139.)NOTE: A discussion of the hazards presented by oxidizing agents is provided in Appendix A.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Committee CH-009
    Document Type Standard
    Publisher Standards Australia
    Status Superseded
    Superseded By
    Supersedes
    Under Revision

    History - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Amendment 1 to AS 4326-1995 see DR 99036 CP First published as AS 4326-1995.

    Standards Referenced By This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    AS 2419.1-1994 Fire hydrant installations - System design, installation and commissioning
    AS 1726-1993 Geotechnical site investigations
    AS 2430.1-1987 Classification of hazardous areas - Explosive gas atmospheres
    AS 3600-2001 Concrete structures
    AS 1319-1994 Safety signs for the occupational environment (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS 1449-1994 Wrought alloy steels - Stainless and heat-resisting steel plate, sheet and strip
    AS 1841.5-1992 Portable fire extinguishers - Powder type
    AS 2865-1995 Safe working in a confined space
    AS 2809.4-2001 Road tank vehicles for dangerous goods - Tankers for toxic and corrosive cargoes
    AS/NZS 2865:2001 Safe working in a confined space
    AS 2441-1988 Installation of fire hose reels
    AS 1170.2-1989 Minimum design loads on structures (known as the SAA Loading Code) Wind loads
    AS 2118-1982 Automatic fire sprinkler systems (known as the SAA Code for Automatic Fire Sprinkler Systems)
    AS 2419.1-2005 Fire hydrant installations System design, installation and commissioning
    AS 1221-1991 Fire hose reels
    AS 1603.5-1996 Automatic fire detection and alarm systems Manual call points (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS 1841.4-1992 Portable fire extinguishers - Foam type
    AS/NZS 1716:2003 Respiratory protective devices
    AS 1841.6-1992 Portable fire extinguishers - Carbon dioxide type
    AS 1768-1991 Lightning protection
    AS 4100-1990 Steel structures
    AS 1680.2.0-1990 Interior lighting Recommendations for specific tasks and interiors
    AS 2441-2005 Installation of fire hose reels (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS 2430.3-1991 Classification of hazardous areas - Specific occupancies
    AS/NZS 1170.2:2002 Structural design actions Wind actions
    AS 2809.1-1999 Road tank vehicles for dangerous goods - General requirements
    AS 1851.1-1995 Maintenance of fire protection equipment - Portable fire extinguishers and fire blankets
    AS 1668.2-1991 The use of mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning in buildings Mechanical ventilation for acceptable indoor-air quality
    AS/NZS 1734:1997 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Flat sheet, coiled sheet and plate (Reconfirmed 2020)
    AS/NZS 1841.5:2007 Portable fire extinguishers Specific requirements for powder type extinguishers (Reconfirmed 2021)
    AS 2161-1978 Industrial safety gloves and mittens (excluding electrical and medical gloves)
    AS 2022-1983 Anhydrous ammonia - Storage and handling (known as the SAA Anhydrous Ammonia Code)
    AS 3600-1994 Concrete structures
    AS 1851.2-1995 Maintenance of fire protection equipment - Fire hose reels
    AS 2243.10-1993 Safety in laboratories - Storage of chemicals
    AS/NZS 2210.2:1994 Occupational protective footwear Specification
    AS 1674.1-1997 Safety in welding and allied processes Fire precautions (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS 1670-1986 Automatic fire detection and alarm systems - System design, installation, and commissioning
    AS 2430.2-1986 Classification of hazardous areas - Combustible dusts
    AS/NZS 1337:1992 Eye protectors for industrial applications
    AS 1530.4-1990 Methods for fire tests on building materials, components and structures Fire-resistance tests of elements of building construction
    AS 1850-1981 Portable fire extinguishers - Classification, rating and fire testing
    AS 1345-1995 Identification of the contents of pipes, conduits and ducts (Reconfirmed 2018)
    AS 1692-1989 Tanks for flammable and combustible liquids
    AS 1210-1997 Pressure vessels
    AS/NZS 1841.4:2007 Portable fire extinguishers Specific requirements for foam type extinguishers (Reconfirmed 2021)
    AS/NZS 1841.6:2007 Portable fire extinguishers Specific requirements for carbon dioxide type extinguishers (Reconfirmed 2021)
    AS 2444-1995 Portable fire extinguishers and fire blankets - Selection and location
    AS 1076.13-1977 Code of practice for selection, installation and maintenance of electrical apparatus and associated equipment for use in explosive atmospheres (other than mining applications) Installation and maintenance requirements for instrumentation
    AS 2359.1-1995 Powered industrial trucks - General requirements
    AS/NZS 2243.10:2004 Safety in laboratories Storage of chemicals
    AS/NZS 1768:2007 Lightning protection
    AS 1940-2004 The storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids
    AS 1939-1990 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment (IP Code)
    AS/NZS 2022:2003 Anhydrous ammonia - Storage and handling (Reconfirmed 2023)
    AS 2444-2001 Portable fire extinguishers and fire blankets - Selection and location (Reconfirmed 2021)
    AS/NZS 2210.2:2000 Occupational protective footwear Requirements and test methods
    AS 1692-2006 Steel tanks for flammable and combustible liquids
    AS 1530.4-2005 Methods for fire tests on building materials, components and structures Fire-resistance test of elements of construction
    AS 2809.4-1986 Road tank vehicles for dangerous goods - Tankers for toxic and corrosive cargoes
    AS 1734-1986 Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Flat sheet, coiled sheet and plate
    AS/NZS 2210.1:1994 Occupational protective footwear - Guide to selection, care and use
    AS 1530.1-1994 Methods for fire tests on building materials, components and structures Combustibility test for materials (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS/NZS 1221:1997 Fire hose reels (Reconfirmed 2020)
    AS/NZS 1715:1994 Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective devices
    AS/NZS 1850:1997 Portable fire extinguishers - Classification, rating and performance testing
    AS 1940-1993 The storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids
    AS/NZS 1716:1994 Respiratory protective devices
    AS 1851.4-1992 Maintenance of fire protection equipment - Fire hydrant installations
    AS 4100-1998 Steel structures (Reconfirmed 2016)
    AS 1210-1989 Unfired Pressure Vessels (known as the SAA Unfired Pressure Vessels Code)

    Standards Referencing This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    AS 2507-1998 The storage and handling of agricultural and veterinary chemicals
    AS/NZS 3833:2007 The storage and handling of mixed classes of dangerous goods, in packages and intermediate bulk containers
    AS 2187.2-2006 Explosives - Storage and use Use of explosives
    AS 3846-2005 The handling and transport of dangerous cargoes in port areas
    AS/NZS 3833:1998 The storage and handling of mixed classes of dangerous goods in packages and intermediate bulk containers
    AS/NZS 2243.2:1997 Safety in laboratories - Chemical aspects
    AS 3846-1998 The handling and transport of dangerous cargoes in port areas
    AS/NZS 2243.2:2006 Safety in laboratories Chemical aspects
    AS 2187.1-1998 Explosives - Storage, transport and use Storage
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