AS 4398.2-1996

1 - AS 4398.2-1996 INSULATORS-CERAMIC OR GLASS-STATION POST FOR INDOOR AND OUTDOOR USE-VOLTAGES GREATER THAN 1000 V a.c. - TESTS
4 - PREFACE
6 - CONTENTS
9 - Section 1: General
9 - 1.1 Scope and object
10 - 1.2 Normative references
10 - 1.3 Definitions
11 - 1.3.1 insulator:
11 - 1.3.2 lot:
11 - 1.3.3 dry lightning-impulse withstand voltage:
11 - 1.3.4 50 % dry lightning impulse flashover voltage:
11 - 1.3.5 dry or wet switching-impulse withstand voltage:
11 - 1.3.6 50 % dry or wet switching-impulse flashover voltage:
11 - 1.3.7 dry or wet power-frequency withstand voltage:
11 - 1.3.8 dry or wet power-frequency flashover voltage:
11 - 1.3.9 puncture voltage:
11 - 1.3.10 mechanical falling load:
12 - 1.3.11 creepage distance:
12 - 1.3.12 specified characteristic:
12 - 1.3.13 parallelism of the end faces:
12 - 1.3.14 eccentricity:
12 - 1.3.15 angular deviation of the fixing holes:
12 - Section 2: Insulators
12 - 2.1 Insulator designs and insulating materials
12 - 2.1.1 Insulator designs
13 - 2.1.2 Insulating materials
13 - 2.2 Values which characterize a post Insulator
14 - 2.3 Identification of insulators
14 - Section 3: Classification of the tests, sampling rules and procedures
14 - 3.1 Classification of the tests
14 - 3.1.1 Type tests
15 - 3.1.2 Sample tests
15 - 3.1.3 Routine tests
15 - 3.2 Quality assurance
15 - 3.3 General requirements for type tests
15 - 3.3.1 Insulator selection for type tests
15 - 3.3.2 Verification of the dimensions
16 - 3.3.3 Electrical type tests
16 - 3.3.4 Mechanical failing load type tests
17 - 3.4 General requirements for sample tests
17 - 3.4.1 Sampling rules and procedures for sample tests
18 - 3.4.2 Retest procedure for sample tests
18 - Section 4: Test procedures for electrical tests
18 - 4.1 General requirements for high-voltage tests
19 - 4.2 Standard atmospheric conditions and correction factors for electrical tests
19 - 4.2.1 Standard reference atmosphere
19 - 4.2.2 Correction factors for atmospheric conditions
19 - 4.3 Artificial rain parameters for wet tests
20 - 4.4 Mounting arrangements for electrical tests
20 - 4.4.1 Standard mounting arrangement of a post insulator for use in systems with highest voltage of equipment below 300 kV
20 - 4.4.2 Standard mounting arrangement of a post insulator for use in systems with highest voltage of equipment equal to or...
21 - 4.4.3 Mounting arrangements when service conditions are to be represented
22 - 4.5 Dry lightning-impulse withstand voltage test - Type test
22 - 4.5.1 Withstand voltage test using the withstand voltage procedure
22 - 4.5.2 Withstand voltage test using the 50 % flashover voltage procedure
22 - 4.6 Dry or wet switching-impulse withstand voltage tests - Type test
23 - 4.6.1 Withstand voltage test using the withstand voltage procedure
23 - 4.6.2 Withstand voltage using the 50 % flashover voltage procedure
24 - 4.7 Dry power-frequency withstand voltage test - Type test (applicable only to post insulators for indoor use)
24 - 4.7.1 Test procedure
24 - 4.7.2 Acceptance criteria
24 - 4.7.3 Dry power-frequency flashover voltage
24 - 4.8 Wet power-frequency withstand voltage test - Type test (applicable only to post insulators for outdoor use)
24 - 4.8.1 Test procedure
24 - 4.8.2 Acceptance criteria
25 - 4.8.3 Wet power-frequency flashover voltage
25 - 4.9 Puncture test - Sample test
25 - 4.9.1 Test procedure
25 - 4.9.2 Acceptance criteria
25 - 4.9.3 Puncture voltage
25 - 4.10 Routine electrical test
25 - 4.10.1 Cylindrical post insulators with internal metal fittings, design category 4), and pedestal post insulators...
26 - 4.10.2 Cavity core cylindrical post insulators, design category 2) (see 2.1.1)
26 - Section 5: Test procedures for mechanical and other tests
26 - 5.1 Verification of the dimensions - Type and sample test
27 - 5.1.1 General requirements
27 - 5.1.2 Creepage distance tolerances
27 - 5.1.3 Special tolerances
27 - 5.1.4 Shed angle
28 - 5.1.5 Acceptance criteria
28 - 5.2 Mechanical failing load test - Type and sample test
28 - 5.2.1 General requirements
28 - 5.2.2 Mounting arrangements
28 - 5.2.3 Loading arrangements
29 - 5.2.4 Bending test
30 - 5.2.5 Torsion test
30 - 5.2.6 Tensil e test
30 - 5.2.7 Compressive test
30 - 5.2.8 Acceptance criteria
30 - 5.3 Test for deflection under load - Special type test
31 - 5.4 Temperature cycle test - Sample test
31 - 5.4.1 General requirements
31 - 5.4.2 Test applicable to post insulators composed of ceramic material or toughened glass
31 - 5.4.3 Test applicable to post insulators composed of annealed glass
32 - 5.4.4 Acceptance criteria
32 - 5.5 Routine thermal shock test (applicable only to toughened glass insulating parts)
32 - 5.6 Porosity test - Sample test (applicable only to ceramic post insulators)
32 - 5.6.1 Test procedure
32 - 5.6.2 Acceptance criteria
32 - 5.7 Galvanizing test - Sample test
33 - 5.7.1 Test procedures
33 - 5.7.2 Acceptance criteria
34 - 5.8 Routine visual inspection
35 - 5.8.1 Post insulators with ceramic insulating parts
36 - 5.8.2 Post insulators with glass insulating parts
36 - 5.9 Routine mechanical test
36 - 5.9.1 Cylindrical post insulators in design categories 1), 2) and 6) with a nominal height h > 770 mm
37 - 5.9.2 Cylindrical post insulators in design categories 1), 2), 3), 4) and 6) with a nominal height h <= 770 mm
37 - 5.9.3 Pedestal post insulators, design category 5)
37 - 5.9.4 Acceptance criteria
38 - Section 6: Tests applicable to post insulators
38 - 6.1 Type tests
38 - 6.1.1 Standard tests
38 - 6.1.2 Special tests
38 - 6.2 Sample tests
39 - 6.3 Routine tests
39 - 6.4 Summary of tests on post insulators
44 - Annex A - Methods of testing for tolerances of parallelism, eccentricity, angular deviation, camber, and shed...
44 - A.1 Methods of test
46 - A.2 Precautions to be taken during the tests
47 - Annex B - Methods of routine testing of unassembled insulator units
47 - B.1 Test method with uniform bending moment
47 - B.2 Test method with non-uniform bending moment applied
49 - B.3 Test method with bending load applied
50 - Annex C - Bibliography
51 - APPENDIX ZZ - DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THIS STANDARD AND IEC 168:1994

Specifies requirements for the construction and performance of ceramic or glass station post insulators. It is to be read in conjunction with Part 1: Characteristics. It is based on and reproduced from IEC 168:1994 with the addition of an Appendix giving Australian variations.

This International Standard IEC 168 is applicable to post insulators and post insulator units of ceramic material or glass, for indoor and outdoor use in electrical installations or equipment, operating on alternating current with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V and a frequency not greater than 100 Hz.This standard may be regarded as a provisional standard for post insulators for use on d.c. systems. IEC 438 gives general guidance for those insulators.This standard does not apply to composite insulators, or to those indoor post insulators in organic material which are covered by another IEC standard [1]*.The object of this standard is to define:- the terms used;- the electrical and mechanical characteristics of post insulators;- the conditions under which the specified values of these characteristics are verified;- the methods of test;- the acceptance criteria.Numerical values of characteristics of post insulators are specified in IEC 273.This standard does not include requirements dealing with the choice of post insulators for specific operating conditions.NOTES1 A guide for the choice of insulators under polluted conditions is available, see [2].2 This standard does not include radio interference tests or artificial pollution tests. These subjects and relevant test methods are dealt with in other IEC publications, see [3], [4] and [5].3 When this standard is applied to hollow post insulators, other IEC publications should also be taken into account, see [6] and [7].

First published as part of AS 1137.3-1972.
Second edition 1981.
Revised and redesignated in part as AS 4398.2-1996.