AS/NZS 3100:1997

1 - AS/NZS 3100:1997 APPROVAL AND TEST SPECIFICATION-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE, APPLICATION AND REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 APPLICATION
7 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
7 - STANDARDS
8 - APPROVAL AND TEST SPECIFICATIONS
10 - SECTION 2 DEFINITIONS
10 - 2.1 GENERAL
10 - 2.1.1 Accessory
10 - 2.1.2 Active ( or active conductor)
10 - 2.1.3 Appliance
10 - 2.1.4 Cable
10 - 2.1.5 Cable core
10 - 2.1.6 Cable flexible
10 - 2.1.7 Circuit-breaker
10 - 2.1.8 Class I equipment
11 - 2.1.9 Class II equipment
11 - 2.1.10 Class II construction
11 - 2.1.11 Class III equipment
11 - 2.1.12 Clearance
11 - 2.1.13 Conductor
11 - 2.1.14 Conductor, bare
12 - 2.1.15 Cord, flexible
12 - 2.1.16 Cord, power supply
12 - 2.1.17 Creepage distance
12 - 2.1.18 Disruptive discharge
12 - 2.1.19 Earthed
12 - 2.1.20 Earthing conductor
12 - 2.1.21 Equipment
12 - 2.1.22 Equipment wiring
13 - 2.1.23 Exposed metal
13 - 2.1.24 Fault-current limiter
13 - 2.1.25 Fixed equipment
13 - 2.1.26 Fuse ( fusible cut-out)
14 - 2.1.27 Heating element
14 - 2.1.28 Insulated
14 - 2.1.29 Insulation system
14 - 2.1.30 Lamp holder, all insulated
14 - 2.1.31 Live (alive)
15 - 2.1.32 Luminaire (lighting fitting)
15 - 2.1.33 Neutral (Neutral conductor)
15 - 2.1.34 Non-hygroscopic
15 - 2.1.35 Operating conditions
15 - 2.1.36 Polyphase (multi-phase)
15 - 2.1.37 Portable equipment
15 - 2.1.38 Protective impedance
15 - 2.1.39 Safeguarded (guarded)
15 - 2.1.40 Safety extra-low voltage supply
15 - 2.1.41 Safety isolating transformer
16 - 2.1.42 Stationary equipment
16 - 2.1.43 Screwless terminal
16 - 2.1.44 Switch, Category 1
16 - 2.1.45 Switch, Category 2
16 - 2.1.46 Switch, Category 3
16 - 2.1.47 Switch, single-pole
16 - 2.1.48 Switch, multi-pole
16 - 2.1.49 Temperature limiter
16 - 2.1.50 Thermal cut-out
16 - 2.1.51 Thermal cut-out, non-self-resetting, Type A
17 - 2.1.52 Thermal cut-out, non-self-resetting, Type B
17 - 2.1.53 Thermal cut-out, self-resetting
17 - 2.1.54 Thermostat
17 - 2.1.55 Tool
17 - 2.1.56 Trip-free operation
17 - 2.1.57 Voltage
18 - SECTION 3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
18 - 3.1 GENERAL
18 - 3.2 EQUIPMENT TO BE SUITABLE FOR CONDITIONS OF USE
18 - 3.3 SELECTION OF MATERIALS AND PARTS
19 - 3.4 SELECTION OF COMPONENTS
19 - 3.5 WORKMANSHIP
19 - 3.6 FUSES
19 - 3.6.1 Accessibility and shrouding
19 - 3.6.2 Mounting
19 - 3.7 IDENTIFICATION OF WIRING
20 - 3.8 REGULATING DEVICES AND SWITCHES
20 - 3.8.1 Fixing and mounting
20 - 3.8.2 Visual indications of positions
20 - 3.8.3 Voltage and current limitation
20 - 3.8.4 Switches for transportable machinery
20 - 3.8.5 Switches
21 - 3.8.6 Electronic regulating devices and switches
21 - 3.9 SOCKET-OUTLETS
21 - 3.10 EQUIPMENT INTENDED TO BE SUPPORTED BY CONTACTS OF SOCKET-OUTLETS
21 - 3.10.1 Design of plug portion
21 - 3.10.2 Equipment with integral pins
22 - 3.11 STATIC CHARGE IN EQUIPMENT
22 - 3.12 CONTROL METHODS
22 - 3.13 STABILITY
22 - 3.14 EQUIPMENT CONNECTED TO SUPPLY BY A PLUG
24 - SECTION 4 PROTECTION AGAINST MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL FAILURE
24 - 4.1 PREVENTION OF SHORT-CIRCUIT AND ARCING
24 - 4.1.1 General
24 - 4.1.2 Segregation of internal wiring
24 - 4.1.3 Creepage distances and clearances for appliances
25 - 4.1.4 Additional requirements for appliances
29 - 4.2 MECHANICAL PROTECTION OF CONDUCTORS AND CABLES
29 - 4.2.1 General
29 - 4.2.2 Adjacent material
29 - 4.2.3 Passage for conductors
29 - 4.2.4 Protection near moving parts
29 - 4.2.5 Unprotected conductors with fibrous insulation
29 - 4.3 TERMINALS AND CONNECTING FACILITIES FOR SUPPLY CONDUCTORS
29 - 4.3.1 Connecting facilities required
30 - 4.3.2 Design and construction of terminals
31 - 4.3.3 Location of terminals
31 - 4.3.4 Terminal arrangements
32 - 4.3.5 Soldered connections
32 - 4.3.6 Prevention of slipping or spreading of conductors
32 - 4.3.7 Earthing conductors
32 - 4.3.8 Conductors and terminals not to be stressed
32 - 4.3.9 Temperature at terminals
33 - 4.3.10 Access to terminal devices
33 - 4.4 FLEXIBLE CORD AND CONNECTING PLUG
33 - 4.4.1 When required
35 - 4.4.2 Warning notice
35 - 4.5 SUPPLY CONNECTION AND EXTERNAL FLEXIBLE CABLES AND CORDS
35 - 4.5.1 General
35 - 4.5.2 Provision for entry of flexible cord
36 - 4.5.3 Cord anchorage
37 - 4.5.4 Protection of supply flexible cord
37 - 4.5.5 Interconnection cables and cords
37 - 4.6 JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS
37 - 4.6.1 Joints and insulation
38 - 4.6.2 Soldered joints
38 - 4.6.3 Limitations of soldered joints
38 - 4.6.4 Joints and connections in lighting fittings
38 - 4.6.5 Solderless joints
38 - 4.6.6 Cascading of adaptors
38 - 4.7 STRENGTH OF SCREW THREADS AND FIXINGS
38 - 4.8 SPACE-THREADED AND THREAD-CUTTING SCREWS
39 - 4.9 DIRECT CONNECTION TO FIXED WIRING
39 - 4.10 MECHANICAL STRENGTH
39 - 4.11 DEGREE OF PROTECTION (IP CLASSIFICATION)
40 - SECTION 5 PROTECTION AGAINST RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
40 - 5.1 GUARDING OF LIVE PARTS
40 - 5.2 INSULATION OF LIVE PARTS
40 - 5.2.1 General
40 - 5.2.2 Separation of live parts from non-current-carrying conductive parts
41 - 5.2.3 Equipment wiring
42 - 5.2.4 Arrangement of equipment wiring
42 - 5.3 EARTHING FACILITIES
42 - 5.3.1 Exposed metal parts to have means of earthing
42 - 5.3.2 Method of making the earth connection
43 - 5.3.3 Design and construction of earthing terminal
43 - 5.3.4 Resistance of earthing connection
43 - 5.3.5 Printed conductors
43 - 5.4 EQUIPMENT WITH DOUBLE INSULATION
43 - 5.4.1 General
44 - 5.4.2 Supplementary insulation
44 - 5.4.3 Basic insulation
44 - 5.4.4 Reinforced insulation
44 - 5.4.5 External metal parts
44 - 5.4.6 Detachable covers
45 - 5.4.7 Arrangement of equipment wiring
45 - 5.4.8 Insulation of internal wiring
45 - 5.4.9 Openings in external metal walls
45 - 5.4.10 Radio interference suppression devices
46 - 5.5 EXTRA-LOW VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT
46 - 5.6 SWITCHES IN PORTABLE HEATING APPLIANCES
46 - 5.7 TEMPERATURE RISES FOR COMPONENTS AND INSULATING MATERIAL
50 - 5.8 FAULT-INDICATING DEVICES
51 - 5.9 FIXING OF HANDLES, KNOBS, OR THE LIKE
52 - SECTION 6 RESISTANCE TO HEAT, FIRE AND TRACKING
52 - 6.1 GENERAL
52 - 6.2 RESISTANCE TO HEAT
52 - 6.3 RESISTANCE TO FIRE
52 - 6.4 RESISTANCE TO TRACKING
53 - SECTION 7 MARKING
53 - 7.1 INFORMATION TO BE MARKED
54 - 7.2 METHOD OF MARKING
54 - 7.3 DOUBLE MARKING
55 - 7.4 MARKING OF EARTH CONNECTIONS
55 - 7.5 MARKING OF CLASS II EQUIPMENT
55 - 7.6 MARKING OF LIVE SUPPLY CONNECTIONS
56 - 7.7 ADDITIONAL MARKING OF MULTI-RATED EQUIPMENT
56 - 7.8 EQUIPMENT WITH TYPE X, Y AND Z ATTACHMENTS
56 - 7.9 LEGIBILITY OF MARKING
56 - 7.10 INSTRUCTIONS FOR INSTALLATION AND USE
57 - SECTION 8 TESTS
57 - 8.1 GENERAL
58 - 8.2 VOID
58 - 8.3 INSULATION RESISTANCE AND LEAKAGE CURRENT
58 - 8.3.1 Insulation resistance
58 - 8.3.2 Leakage current test
59 - 8.4 HIGH V OLTAGE (ELECTRIC STRENGTH) TEST
59 - 8.4.1 Between live parts
59 - 8.4.2 Equipment with earthing facilities
59 - 8.4.3 Equipment with double insulation
62 - 8.4.4 Non-conducting external parts
62 - 8.4.5 Method of applying test
63 - 8.4.6 Number of samples
63 - 8.5 TEST OF EARTHING CONNECTION
63 - 8.6 CORD ANCHORAGE
64 - 8.7 TEST FOR SCREW THREADS AND FIXINGS ( See Clause 4. 7)
64 - 8.7.1 Threaded fastenings of metal in metal or thermosetting plastic or wood, or the like
64 - 8.7.2 Threaded fastenings with any component of thermoplastic material
66 - 8.8 MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST
66 - 8.8.1 General
66 - 8.8.2 Spring-operated impact-test apparatus
67 - 8.8.3 Procedure
67 - 8.8.4 Criteria
67 - 8.9 STANDARD ELECTRODES FOR ELECTRIC STRENGTH TESTS
67 - 8.10 STANDARD TEST FINGER AND PROTECTIVE IMPEDANCE
67 - 8.10.1 General
68 - 8.10.2 Design and construction
68 - 8.10.3 Method of use
68 - 8.10.4 Protective impedance
69 - 8.11 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS
69 - 8.11.1 Methods of measurement
69 - 8.11.2 Thermometer method
70 - 8.11.3 Thermocouple method
70 - 8.11.4 Increase-of-resistance method
70 - 8.11.5 Measurement of ambient temperature
70 - 8.11.6 Maximum temperature rise
70 - 8.12 TEMPERATURE AND FIRE RISK TEST
72 - 8.13 TEST OF MARKING
72 - 8.14 STABILITY TEST
73 - 8.15 ABNORMAL OPERATION
73 - 8.15.1 General
74 - 8.15.2 Heating equipment test
74 - 8.15.3 Locked-rotor test
75 - 8.15.4 Equipment with three-phase motors
75 - 8.15.5 Running overload test
76 - 8.15.6 Equipment for short-time or intermittent operation
76 - 8.15.7 Equipment with series motors
76 - 8.15.8 Equipment incorporating electronic components
77 - 8.15.9 Test results
78 - APPENDIX A - REQUIREMENTS FROM THE 1994 EDITION
82 - APPENDIX B - TESTS OF RESISTANCE TO HEAT, FIRE AND TRACKING
82 - B1 INTRODUCTION
82 - B2 RESISTANCE TO HEAT TEST
83 - B3 RESISTANCE TO FIRE TESTS
83 - B3.1 General
83 - B3.2 Materials and tests
83 - B3.3 Glow-wire test
85 - B3.4 Needle-flame test
85 - B4 RESISTANCE TO TRACKING TEST
87 - APPENDIX C - MEASUREMENT OF CREEPAGE DISTANCES AND CLEARANCES
87 - CASE 1
88 - CASE 2
88 - CASE 3
89 - CASE 4
89 - CASE 5
90 - CASE 6
90 - CASE 7
91 - CASE 8
91 - CASE 9
92 - CASE 10
93 - APPENDIX D - INFORMATION ON THE SAFETY PRINCIPLES OF THE DESIGN AND TESTING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT INCLUDING ....
93 - D1 THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
93 - D2 PROTECTION OF LIVE PARTS
93 - D3 EARTHING OF CLASS I EQUIPMENT
94 - D4 MONITORED EARTHING CONNECTIONS
94 - D5 INSULATION-ENCASED CLASS II CONSTRUCTION
95 - D6 METAL-ENCASED CLASS II CONSTRUCTION
95 - D6.1 Principles of double insulation
95 - D6.2 Design of metal-encased Class II equipment
96 - D6.3 Methods of achieving double insulation
97 - D6.4 Connection to the power supply
97 - D7 CLASSIFICATION OF THE TESTS INVOLVED
97 - D7.1 General
97 - D7.2 Type tests
97 - D7.3 Surveillance tests
98 - D7.4 Production tests
98 - D8 REQUIREMENTS FOR ROUTINE TESTS
98 - D8.1 General
98 - D8.2 Effectiveness of insulation
99 - D8.3 Continuity of earthing of Class I equipment
99 - D8.4 Assembly of cord anchorage and terminal connections
99 - D8.5 Correct position of wiring and components
99 - D8.6 Correct functioning of the equipment
99 - D8.7 Selection of tests
99 - D8.8 Segregation of defective products
101 - D9 PRODUCTION TEST EQUIPMENT
102 - APPENDIX E - CIRCUIT FOR MEASURING LEAKAGE CURRENTS
102 - E1 GENERAL
102 - E2 CIRCUIT COMPONENTS
104 - APPENDIX F - HEAT BEHAVIOUR TEST
104 - F1 GENERAL
104 - F2 TEST SPECIMEN
104 - F3 TEST APPARATUS
104 - F4 TEST METHOD
105 - F5 TEST RESULTS
106 - AMENDMENT CONTROL SHEET

Specifies essential safety requirements for approval and test purposes. It is a parent specification for a series of approval and test specifications.

This Standard specifies the general safety requirements for, or with respect to, equipment (including fittings, accessories, appliances and apparatus) of classes and types that are used in, or intended for use in, or in connection with, electrical installations in buildings, structures, and premises.Guidelines covering design and testing of electrical equipment to ensure safety and protection against electric shock, including the principles and application of double insulation, are contained in Appendix D. Users of this Standard may find it helpful to study Appendix D before reading the main body of this Standard.

First published in Australia as AS C100-1937.
Redated 1939.
Second edition 1940.
Redated 1947.
Redated 1948.
Third edition 1953.
Fourth edition 1964.
Fifth edition 1971.
Sixth edition 1972.
Revised and redesignated AS 3100-1982.
Second edition 1985.
Third edition 1990.
Fourth edition 1994.
First published in New Zealand as NZS 1300:1958.
Second edition 1965.
Revised and redesignated NZS 6200:1988.
Revised and redesignated NZS/AS 3100:1994.
Jointly revised and designated AS/NZS 3100:1997.