AWS C5.4 : 1993

Personnel
Foreword
List of Tables
List of Figures
1. Process Description
    1.1 Arc Stud Welding
    1.2 Capacitor Discharge Stud Welding
2. Selection of Method
    2.1 Fastener Size
    2.2 Base Metal Thickness
    2.3 Base Metal Composition
    2.4 Capacitor Discharge (CD) Method
3. Designing for Stud Welding
    3.1 Base Metal
    3.2 Stud Design Ratio
4. Considerations for Stud Selection
    4.1 Arc Stud Welding
    4.2 Capacitor Discharge Studs
    4.3 Stud Tensile and Torque Strengths
5. Equipment for Stud Welding
    5.1 Arc Stud Welding Equipment
    5.2 Capacitor Discharge Stud Welding Equipment
    5.3 Automatic Feed Systems
6. Stud Welding Low Carbon and Austenitic Stainless Steels
    6.1 Base Metal Preparation
    6.2 Welding Requirements
    6.3 Welding Technique for Steels
7. Stud Welding Aluminum Alloys
    7.1 Base Metal Preparation
    7.2 Shielding Gas
    7.3 Welding Requirements
    7.4 Welding Technique for Aluminum
8. Stud Locating Techniques
    8.1 Locating with Templates
    8.2 Locating with Spacers
    8.3 Fixed Guns
    8.4 Methods of Ensuring Perpendicularity
    8.5 Special Accessories
9. Quality Control and Inspection
    9.1 Steel Studs
    9.2 Aluminum Studs
10. Weld Troubleshooting
    10.1 Cold Welds
    10.2 Hot Welds
    10.3 Stud Hang-Up
11. Safety Precautions
    11.1 General
    11.2 Electrical
    11.3 Fire Protection
    11.4 Vision Protection
    11.5 Hearing Protection
    11.6 Protective Clothing
    11.7 Ventilation
    11.8 Other
    11.9 Maintenance
    11.10 References
Annex - Commonly Used Metric Conversions
Document List

Serves as a basic guide for those interested in attaching fasteners by arc and capacitor discharge stud welding and discusses variations of the process, stud design, equipment, welding procedures, quality control and safety precautions.