AWS D10.4:1986

Personnel
Foreword
List of Tables
List of Figures
Introduction
1. Material Compositions and Specifications
    1.1 Compositions
    1.2 Specifications
2. Base Metals
    2.1 Primary Types (304, 305, 309, and 310)
    2.2 Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Types
          (316 and 317)
    2.3 Stabilized Types (321 and 347)
    2.4 Low Carbon Types (304L, 309S, 310S,
          and 316L)
    2.5 "H" Types (305H, 316H, 321H, 347H,
           and 348H)
    2.6 Stainless Steel for Nuclear Service Types
          (348 and 348H)
    2.7 High Carbon Cast Types (HF, HH, HK, HE,
          HT, HI, HU, and HN)
    2.8 Low Carbon Cast Types (CF3, CF8, CF8C, CF8M,
          CF3M, CH8, CPK20, and CH20)
3. Filler Metal
    3.1 Selection of Filler Metal
    3.2 Welding Electrodes
4. Ferrite
    4.1 Weld Metal Structure
    4.2 Ferrite Phase
    4.3 Measurement of Ferrite
    4.4 Importance of Ferrite
    4.5 Ferrite in Root Passes and Subsequent Passes
    4.6 Effect of Welding Conditions on Ferrite
5. Welding Processes
    5.1 Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
    5.2 Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
    5.3 Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
    5.4 Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) II
    5.5 Other Welding Processes
6. Welding of Dissimilar Stainless Steel Joints
7. Welded Joints in Pipe
    7.1 Joint Design
    7.2 Consumable Inserts
    7.3 Insert Application
    7.4 Inert Gas Purging
    7.5 Open Butt Welding
8. Welding Techniques
    8.1 Starting the Arc
    8.2 Welding Position and Electrode Handling
    8.3 Weld Size and Contour
    8.4 Travel Speed
    8.5 Welding Current
    8.6 Extinguishing the Arc with SMAW
    8.7 Cleaning and Finishing
    8.8 Repair
9. Problems Related to Welded Joints
    9.1 Cracking
    9.2 Corrosion
    9.3 Sigma Phase Formation - High-Temperature Service
10. Inspection Methods
    10.1 Visual Inspection
    10.2 Hydrostatic Testing
    10.3 Liquid Penetrant Methods
    10.4 Radiography
    10.5 Ultrasonic Methods
    10.6 Inspection With Magnetic Instruments
    10.7 Acoustic Emission Testing Methods (AET)
    10.8 Chemical Spot Testing
    10.9 Halogen Leak Testing Methods
    10.10 Mass Spectrometer Testing Method
11. Safety and Health
    11.1 Fumes and Gases
    11.2 Radiation
    11.3 Electric Shock
    11.4 Fire Prevention
    11.5 Explosion
    11.6 Burns
    11.7 Further Information
Appendix A - Welding High-Carbon Stainless Steels
         Al. Introduction
         A2. Some Factors Governing Casting Material Use
Appendix B - Document List
Appendix C - Safety and Health

This document presents a detailed discussion of the metallurgical characteristics and weldability of many grades of austenitic stainless steel used in piping and tubing.