UNI EN 623-5 : 2009

1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Apparatus
   4.1 Sectioning equipment
   4.2 Mounting equipment
   4.3 Grinding and polishing equipment
   4.4 Microscope
   4.5 Transparent grid
5 Test piece preparation
   5.1 Sampling
   5.2 Cutting
   5.3 Mounting
   5.4 Grinding and polishing
   5.5 Etching
6 Photomicrography
   6.1 General aspects
   6.2 Inspection
   6.3 Number of micrographs
   6.4 Optical microscopy
   6.5 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
7 Measurement of micrographs
8 Calculation of results
9 Interferences and uncertainties
10 Test report
Annex A (informative) - Grinding and polishing procedures
Annex B (informative) - Etching procedures
Annex C (informative) - Use of automatic image analysis (AIA)
      C.1 Background
      C.2 Analysis techniques
      C.3 Micrograph requirements
      C.4 Calibration
Annex D (informative) - Setting Köhler illumination in an
        optical microscope
      D.1 Purpose
      D.2 Definition
      D.3 Setting up for Köhler illumination
Annex E (informative) - Round robin verification of this procedure
Annex F (informative) - Results sheet
Bibliography

Describes a manual method of making measurements for the determination of volume fraction of major phases in advanced technical ceramics using micrographs of polished and etched sections, overlaying a square grid of lines, and counting the number of intersections lying over each phase.