1 - AS 2118-1982 SAA CODE FOR AUTOMATIC FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - FOREWORD
7 - PART 1 - SCOPE, DEFINITIONS, CLASSIFICATION AND DESIGN DATA
7 - SECTION 1. SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS
7 - 1.1 SCOPE.
7 - 1.2 DEFINITIONS.
7 - 1.2.1 Alarm valve
7 - 1.2.2 Approved
7 - 1.2.3 Assumed area of operation
7 - 1.2.4 Authority having jurisdiction
7 - 1.2.5 Authorized inspector
7 - 1.2.6 Building owner
7 - 1.2.7 Combustible
7 - 1.2.8 Cut-off sprinkler (or sprinklers)
7 - 1.2.9 Density of discharge
8 - 1.2.10 Design point
8 - 1.2.11 Distribution pipes
8 - 1.2.12 Elevated private reservoir
8 - 1.2.13 Encapsulated
8 - 1.2.14 End-centre arrangement
8 - 1.2.15 End-side arrangement
8 - 1.2.16 Escutcheon plate
8 - 1.2.17 Extra high hazard occupancy
8 - 1.2.18 Extra light hazard occupancy
8 - 1.2.19 Fire and draught stop
8 - 1.2.20 Fire door
8 - 1.2.21 Fire pump controller
8 - 1.2.22 Fire-resistance rating
8 - 1.2.23 Gravity tank
8 - 1.2.24 Gridded system
9 - 1.2.25 Inferior wall
9 - 1.2.26 Installation
9 - 1.2.27 Installation gauge
9 - 1.2.28 Looped system
9 - 1.2.29 Main distribution pipes
9 - 1.2.30 Main stop valve
9 - 1.2.31 Net positive suction head (NPSH) (of a pump)
9 - 1.2.32 Open joists and exposed common rafters
9 - 1.2.33 Ordinary hazard occupancy
9 - 1.2.34 Range pipes
9 - 1.2.35 Risers (drops)
9 - 1.2.36 Separate array
9 - 1.2.37 Sprinklered area
9 - 1.2.38 Sprinklered building
9 - 1.2.39 Terminal main system
9 - 1.2.40 Terminal range system
9 - 1.2.41 Trunk main
9 - 1.2.42 Fire damper
9 - 1.2.43 Fire-resistant roller shutter
9 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.
10 - SECTION 2. CLASSES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEM AND DESIGN DATA
10 - 2.1 CLASSES OF SYSTEM.
10 - 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCIES.
10 - 2.2.1 General.
10 - 2.2.2 Extra Light Hazard Occupancies.
10 - 2.2.3 Ordinary Hazard Occupancies.
13 - 2.2.4 Extra High Hazard Occupancies.
15 - 2.3 TYPES OF SYSTEMS
15 - 2.3.1 General.
15 - 2.3.2 Standard Sprinkler Systems.
17 - 2.3.3 Deluge System.
17 - 2.4 DESIGN DATA.
17 - 2.4.1 Standard Sprinkler Systems.
18 - 2.4.2 Deluge Systems.
19 - PART 2 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
19 - SECTION 3. INSTALLATION
19 - 3.1 CONFIRMATION OF CLASS OF HAZARD.
19 - 3.2 INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED FOR APPROVAL OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS.
19 - 3.2.1 General.
19 - 3.2.2 At the Preliminary Stage.
19 - 3.2.3 After Placing of the Contract but Before Commencing Erection.
21 - 3.2.4 On Completion of Installation.
21 - 3.3 SPRINKLERED BUILDINGS.
21 - 3.3.1 Extent of Sprinkler Protection.
21 - 3.3.2 Protection Against Exposure Hazards.
22 - 3.3.3 Permitted Exceptions.
22 - 3.4 TRANSMISSION OF ALARM SIGNAL TO FIRE BRIGADE.
22 - 3.5 LOCAL ALARM.
22 - 3.6 SYSTEM MONITORING.
22 - 3.6.1 General.
22 - 3.6.2 Monitoring Devices.
22 - 3.6.3 Systems to be Monitored.
22 - 3.6.4 Components to be Monitored.
23 - 3.6.5 Installation.
23 - 3.6 MAINTENANCE.
24 - SECTION 4. WATER SUPPLIES
24 - 4.1 GENERAL.
24 - 4.2 ACCEPTABLE SOURCES OF SUPPLY.
24 - 4.3 WATER SUPPLY GRADES.
24 - 4.3.1 General.
24 - 4.3.2 Grade III Water Supplies.
25 - 4.3.3 Grade II Water Supplies.
25 - 4.3.4 Grade I Water Supplies.
35 - 4.4 CONNECTIONS TO OTHER SERVICES.
35 - 4.4.1 General.
35 - 4.4.2 Fire Hose Reel Connections.
35 - 4.4.3 Fire Brigade Booster Connection.
36 - 4.5 PRESSURE AND FLOW REQUIREMENTS.
36 - 4.6 PRESSURE LIMITATIONS.
36 - 4.7 MINIMUM CAPACITY OF STORED WATER SUPPLIES.
36 - 4.8 PUMP SUCTION TANKS.
36 - 4.8.1 General.
36 - 4.8.2 Effective Capacity.
37 - 4.8.3 Supply from Inexhaustible Source.
39 - 4.9 PRIVATE WATER SUPPLIES.
39 - 4.9.1 General.
39 - 4.9.2 Elevated Private Reservoirs.
39 - 4.9.3 Gravity Tanks.
40 - 4.10 TOWN MAINS.
40 - 4.10. 1 Direct Supply from Town Mains.
40 - 4.10. 2 Pump Drawing from Town Mains.
40 - 4.11 PUMP INSTALLATIONS.
40 - 4.11. 1 General Requirements.
41 - 4.11. 2 Pump Operating Conditions.
45 - 4.11.3 Suction Piping.
45 - 4.11.4 Performance Requirements for Pumps.
45 - 4.12 PUMP SETS.
45 - 4.12.1 General.
46 - 4.12.2 Electric Motor Driven Pumps.
46 - 4.12.3 Compression-ignition Engine Driven Pumps.
47 - 4.13 PRESSURE TANKS.
47 - 4.13.1 General.
47 - 4.13.2 Special Requirements.
48 - 4.14 PROVING OF WATER SUPPLIES.
50 - SECTION 5. SPACING AND LOCATION OF SPRINKLERS
50 - 5.1 STANDARD SPACING.
50 - 5.2 STAGGERED SPACING.
50 - 5.3 MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN SPRINKLERS.
50 - 5.4 LOCATION OF SPRINKLERS (OTHER THAN SIDEWALL SPRINKLERS).
50 - 5.4.1 General.
50 - 5.4.2 Walls and Partitions.
51 - 5.4.3 Ceilings, Roofs and Underside of Stairs.
51 - 5.4.4 Beams and Joists.
51 - 5.4.5 Columns.
51 - 5.4.6 Girders.
53 - 5.4.7 Roof Trusses.
53 - 5.4.8 Clear Space Below Sprinklers
53 - 5.5 SPACING AND LOCATION OF SIDEWALL SPRINKLERS.
53 - 5.5.1 General.
53 - 5.5.2 Maximum Spacing of Sidewall Sprinklers.
53 - 5.5.3 Distance Between Rows of Sprinklers.
53 - 5.6 LOCATIONS OR CONDITIONS INVOLVING SPECIAL CONSIDERATION (SUPPLEMENTARY PROTECTION).
53 - 5.6.1 Roof Spaces.
53 - 5.6.2 Ceiling and Floor Spaces.
54 - 5.6.3 Ceiling Materials.
54 - 5.6.4 Spaces Under Ground Floors.
54 - 5.6.5 Machinery Pits and Production Lines.
54 - 5.6.6 Hoists, Lift Shafts, Building Services Shafts and Enclosed Chutes.
54 - 5.6.7 Elevators, Rope or Strap Races, Gearing Boxes and Dust Receivers.
54 - 5.6.8 Corn, Rice, Provender and Oil Mills.
54 - 5.6.9 Bins and Silos.
54 - 5.6.10 Escalators.
55 - 5.6.11 Canopies.
55 - 5.6.12 Roof Overhang.
55 - 5.6.13 Exterior Docks and Platforms.
55 - 5.6.14 Enclosed Paint Lines, Drying Ovens, Drying Enclosures.
55 - 5.6.15 Spray Booths.
55 - 5.6.16 Oil and Flammable Liquid Hazards.
55 - 5.6.17 Commercial Type Cooking Equipment and Associated Ventilation Systems.
56 - 5.6.18 Air-handling Plant.
56 - 5.6.19 Computer and Other Electronic Equipment Areas.
56 - 5.7 OBSTRUCTIONS BELOW SPRINKLERS.
56 - 5.7.1 General.
56 - 5.7.2 Overhead Platforms.
56 - 5.7.3 Ducts.
56 - 5.7.4 Suspended Ceilings.
56 - 5.7.5 Hoods over Papermaking Machines.
56 - 5.7.6 Storage Racks.
56 - 5.7.7 Storage Fixtures of Solid and/or Slatted Shelved Construction.
56 - 5.8 FILM AND TELEVISION PRODUCTION STUDIOS.
56 - 5.8.1 Overhead Platforms and Walkways.
57 - 5.8.2 Concealed Spaces and Cavities.
57 - 5.9 THEATRES AND MUSIC HALLS (Protection on the Stage Side of the Proscenium Wall).
57 - 5.10 COLD STORAGE WAREHOUSE.
57 - 5.10.1 General.
57 - 5.10.2 Pipework within the Cold Chamber.
59 - SECTION 6. SPRINKLERS, SPRAYERS AND MULTIPLE CONTROLS
59 - 6.1 GENERAL.
59 - 6.2 TYPES OF SPRINKLERS, SPRAYERS AND MULTIPLE CONTROLS.
59 - 6.2.1 Sprinklers.
59 - 6.2.2 Sprayers.
60 - 6.2.3 Multiple Controls.
60 - 6.3 SPRINKLER K FACTORS, ORIFICE AND THREAD SIZES.
60 - 6.4 APPLICATION OF SPRINKLER TYPES.
60 - 6.5 TEMPERATURE RATINGS.
60 - 6.6 COLOUR CODING.
60 - 6.7 STOCK OF REPLACEMENT SPRINKLERS.
61 - 6.8 ANTI-CORROSION TREATMENT OF SPRINKLERS.
61 - 6.9 SPRINKLER GUARDS.
61 - 6.10 ESCUTCHEON PLATES.
61 - 6.11 PROTECTION AGAINST FROST.
62 - SECTION 7. PIPEWORK
62 - 7.1 PIPE AND PIPE FITTING SPECIFICATIONS.
62 - 7.1.1 General.
62 - 7.1.2 Pipes Above Ground.
62 - 7.1.3 Pipes Below Ground.
62 - 7.1.4 Protection of Underground Pipes.
62 - 7.1.5 Universal Joints and Flexible Connections.
62 - 7.2 HYDRAULIC TEST PRESSURE.
62 - 7.3 PIPE JOINTING.
62 - 7.3.1 Welded Pipes.
62 - 7.3.2 Mechanical Grooved Couplings.
62 - 7.4 EMBEDDING OF PIPEWORK.
62 - 7.5 CORROSION PROTECTION OF PIPEWORK.
63 - 7. 6 PIPEWORK IN UNSPRINKLERED BUILDINGS.
63 - 7.7 PROTECTION OF PIPEWORK AGAINST MECHANICAL DAMAGE.
63 - 7.8 HAZARDOUS PROCESSES AND EXPLOSION HAZARD - SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS CONCERNING PIPEWORK AND VALVES.
63 - 7.9 FACILITIES FOR FLUSHING PIPEWORK.
63 - 7.10 PROHIBITED USE OF PIPEWORK.
63 - 7.10.1 Electrical Earth.
63 - 7.10.2 Hoisting.
63 - 7.11 SLOPE OF PIPES FOR DRAINAGE.
63 - 7.12 LOW LEVEL DRAINAGE.
63 - 7.13 PIPE SIZES.
63 - 7.14 ORIFICE PLATES.
64 - 7.15 SUPPORT OF SPRINKLER PIPEWORK.
64 - 7.15.1 General.
64 - 7.15.2 Design.
64 - 7.15.3 Materials.
64 - 7.15.4 Requirements for Pipe Support Components
65 - 7.15.5 Fixing of Pipe Supports.
65 - 7.15.6 Spacing of Supports.
65 - 7.15.7 Location of Supports.
66 - 7.15.8 Verification of Design.
70 - SECTION 8. VALVES AND ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT
70 - 8.1 INSTALLATION CONTROL VALVES.
70 - 8.2 STOP VALVES.
70 - 8.2.1 General.
70 - 8.2.2 Main Stop Valves.
70 - 8.2.3 Stop Valves Controlling Water Supplies.
70 - 8.2.4 Subsidiary Stop Valves.
70 - 8.3 BLOCK PLAN.
71 - 8.4 LOCATION PLATE.
71 - 8.5 EMERGENCY INSTRUCTIONS.
71 - 8.6 NON-RETURN (BACK PRESSURE) VALVES.
71 - 8.7 ALARM VALVES.
71 - 8.7.1 Alarm (Wet Pipe) Valves.
71 - 8.7.2 Alarm (Dry Pipe) Valves.
71 - 8.7.3 Composite Alarm Valves.
71 - 8.7.4 Identification of Alarm Valves and Alarm Gongs.
71 - 8.7.5 Accelerators or Exhausters for Alarm Valves (Dry System)
72 - 8.8 PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVES.
72 - 8.9 DELUGE AND PRE-ACTION VALVES.
72 - 8.9.1 Deluge Valves.
72 - 8.9.2 Pre-action Valves.
72 - 8.10 ALARM DEVICES.
72 - 8.10.1 General.
72 - 8.10.2 Prevention of False Alarms.
72 - 8.10.3 Local Water Motor Alarms.
72 - 8.10.4 Direct Brigade Alarms.
72 - 8.10.5 Pressure Switches.
73 - 8.11 PRESSURE GAUGES.
74 - PART 3 - SUMMARIES OF REQUIREMENTS FOR SYSTEMS
74 - SECTION 9. EXTRA LIGHT HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS
74 - 9.1 DESIGN DATA.
74 - 9.2 WATER SUPPLIES.
74 - 9.2.1 Pressure and Flow Requirements.
74 - 9.2.2 Minimum Capacity of Water Supplies.
74 - 9.2.3 Pumps.
75 - 9.2.4 Proving of Water Supplies.
75 - 9.3 SPACING OF SPRINKLERS.
75 - 9.3.1 Maximum Area Coverage per Sprinkler.
75 - 9.3.2 Maximum Distance between Sprinklers on Range Pipes and between Adjacent Rows of Sprinklers.
75 - 9.3.3 Maximum Distance from Walls and Partitions
75 - 9.4 SYSTEM COMPONENTS.
75 - 9.4.1 Sprinklers.
75 - 9.4.2 Pipework.
77 - 9.5 SYSTEM DRAINAGE.
77 - 9.6 NUMBER OF SPRINKLERS CONTROLLED BY ONE SET OF VALVES.
77 - 9.6.1 Wet Pipe Systems and Pre-action Systems.
77 - 9.6.2 Dry Pipe Systems and Alternate Wet and Dry Pipe Systems.
78 - SECTION 10. ORDINARY HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS
78 - 10.1 DESIGN DATA.
78 - 10.2 WATER SUPPLIES.
78 - 10.2.1 Pressure and Flow Requirements.
78 - 10.2.2 Minimum Capacity of Water Supplies.
79 - 10.2.3 Pumps.
80 - 10.2.4 Proving of Water Supplies.
80 - 10.3 SPACING OF SPRINKLERS.
80 - 10.3.1 Maximum Area Coverage per Sprinkler.
80 - 10.3.2 Maximum Distance between Sprinklers on Range Pipes and between Adjacent Rows of Sprinklers.
80 - 10.3.3 Maximum Distance from Walls and Partitions
80 - 10.4 SYSTEM COMPONENTS.
80 - 10.4.1 Sprinklers.
80 - 10.4.2 Pipework.
83 - 10.5 SYSTEM DRAINAGE.
84 - 10.6 NUMBER OF SPRINKLERS CONTROLLED BY ONE SET OF VALVES.
84 - 10.6.1 Wet Pipe Systems and Pre-action Systems.
84 - 10.6.2 Dry Pipe Systems and Alternate Wet and Dry Pipe Systems.
85 - SECTION 11. EXTRA HIGH HAZARD CLASS SYSTEMS
85 - 11.1 DESIGN DATA.
85 - 11.1.1 General.
85 - 11.1.2 Process Risks.
85 - 11.1.3 High Piled Storage Risks.
92 - 11.1.4 Type of System.
92 - 11.2 WATER SUPPLIES.
92 - 11.2.1 Pressure and Flow Requirements.
93 - 11.2.2 Minimum Capacity of Water Supplies.
94 - 11.2.3 Pumps.
94 - 11.2.4 Proving of Water Supplies.
94 - 11.3 SPACING OF SPRINKLERS.
94 - 11.3.1 Maximum Distance between Sprinklers.
94 - 11.3.2 Maximum Distance between Sprinklers on Range Pipes and between Adjacent Rows of Sprinklers.
94 - 11.3.3 Maximum Distance from Walls and Partitions.
95 - 11.4 SYSTEM COMPONENTS.
95 - 11.4.1 Sprinklers.
95 - 11.4.2 Pipework.
101 - 11.5 SYSTEM DRAINAGE.
101 - 11.6 NUMBER OF SPRINKLERS CONTROLLED BY ONE SET OF VALVES.
101 - 11.6.1 Wet Pipe Systems.
101 - 11.6.2 Dry Pipe and Alternative Wet and Dry Pipe Systems.
102 - SECTION 12. FULL HYDRAULIC CALCULATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
102 - 12.1 GENERAL.
102 - 12.2 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR DENSITY OF DISCHARGE.
102 - 12.3 ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION.
102 - 12.4 SPRINKLERS IN OPERATION.
102 - 12.5 POSITION OF ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION.
102 - 12.5.1 Hydraulically Most Unfavourable Area of Operation.
103 - 12.5.2 Hydraulically Most Favourable Area of Operation.
103 - 12.6 SHAPE OF ASSUMED AREA OF OPERATION.
103 - 12.6.1 Hydraulically Most Unfavourable Area of Operation.
103 - 12.6.2 Hydraulically Most Favourable Area of Operation.
103 - 12.7 WATER SUPPLIES.
103 - 12.8 PUMPSETS.
103 - 12.8.1 General.
103 - 12.8.2 Maximum Flow Rate.
104 - 12.9 CALCULATION OF PRESSURE LOSS IN PIPES.
105 - 12.10 PRESSURE LOSSES.
105 - 12.10.1 Fittings and Valves.
105 - 12.10.2 Dry Pendent (or Upright) Pattern Sprinklers.
105 - 12.12 ACCURACY OF CALCULATIONS.
105 - 12.13 MINIMUM SPRINKLER DISCHARGE PRESSURE.
106 - 12.14 MINIMUM PIPE SIZES.
106 - 12.15 VELOCITY LIMITATION.
106 - 12.16 VELOCITY PRESSURE.
106 - 12.17 INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED FOR APPROVAL OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS.
106 - 12.17.1 General.
106 - 12.17.2 Documentation.
106 - 12.17.3 Details of the Town Main.
106 - 12.17.4 Details of Automatic Pumpsets.
106 - 12.17.5 System Information.
106 - 12.17.6 Detailed Calculations.
107 - 12.17.7 Drawings and Diagrams.
107 - 12.18 IDENTIFICATION OF FULLY HYDRAULICALLY CALCULATED SYSTEMS.
121 - APPENDIX A - ORIFICE PLATES
121 - A1 SCOPE.
121 - A2 REQUIREMENTS.
121 - A3 NOTES ON THE USE OF TABLES A1 AND A2
123 - APPENDIX B - COMPLETION CERTIFICATE
125 - APPENDIX C - PIPEWORK INTERPRETATIONS
128 - APPENDIX D - FULLY HYDRAULICALLY CALCULATED EXTRA LIGHT HAZARD AND ORDINARY HAZARD SYSTEMS
129 - ANNEX 1 - REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
129 - Australian Standards
129 - British Standards
130 - ANNEX 2 - TECHNICAL CHANGES
131 - INDEX
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