AS 3978-1991

1 - AS 3978:1991 NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING - VISUAL INSPECTION OF METAL PRODUCTS AND COMPONENTS
4 - PREFACE
4 - CONTENTS
5 - 1 SCOPE
5 - 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
5 - 3 DEFINITIONS
5 - 4 INSPECTOR REQUIREMENTS
6 - 5 EQUIPMENT
6 - 5.1 General requirements
6 - 5.2 Low-power magnifying equipment
6 - 5.2.1 Classification
6 - 5.2.2 Description
6 - 5.2.3 Magnification
7 - 5.2.4 Factors affecting the choice of magnifier
7 - 5.3 Surface feature modelling equipment and materials
7 - 5.4 Remote viewing equipment
7 - 5.5 Photographic equipment
7 - 5.6 Auxiliary light sources
7 - 6 ILLUMINATION
7 - 6.1 General
7 - 6.2 Location of the work-piece
7 - 6.3 Nature and reflectivity of the surface
7 - 6.4 Direction and intensity of illumination
7 - 7 INSPECTION SCOPE AND CRITERIA
7 - 7.1 General requirements
8 - 7.2 Inspection of undisturbed surfaces
8 - 7.3 The terminology, identification and evaluation of discontinuities
8 - 8 PREPARATION OF SURFACES PRIOR TO INSPECTION
8 - 8.1 General requirements
8 - 9 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PROCEDURE FOR VISUAL INSPECTION
8 - 9.1 Pre-inspection requirements
8 - 9.2 Inspection procedure requirements
9 - 9.3 Identification, recording and evaluation of discontinuities and corrosion
9 - 9.3.1 Weld discontinuities
9 - 9.3.2 Casting discontinuities
9 - 9.3.3 Corroded metal surfaces
9 - 9.3.4 Discontinuities in products manufactured by processes other than welding or casting
9 - 9.4 Marking of inspected products and components
9 - 9.5 Inspection record sheet
10 - 10 INSPECTION REPORT
10 - 11 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
10 - 11.1 Electrical hazard
11 - APPENDIX A - PURCHASING GUIDELINES
11 - A1 GENERAL
11 - A2 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER
12 - APPENDIX B - NOTES ON VISUAL ACUITY
12 - B1 GENERAL
12 - B2 MEASUREMENT OF VISUAL ACUITY
13 - APPENDIX C - INSPECTION AIDS AND MEASURING DEVICES
13 - APPENDIX D - CHECKLIST OF ITEMS TO CONSIDER WHEN BRIEFING INSPECTION PERSONNEL
14 - APPENDIX E - VISUAL INSPECTION GUIDELINE FOR WELDS
14 - E1 SCOPE
14 - E2 PROCEDURE
14 - E2.1 Before welding
14 - E2.2 During welding
14 - E2.3 After welding
19 - E3 REPAIRS
19 - E4 INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FABRICATION
19 - E5 MACRO-EXAMINATION
20 - APPENDIX F - CASTINGS - DESCRIPTIONS OF TERMS FOR SURFACE TEXTURE AND DISCONTINUITIES
20 - F1 SCOPE
20 - F2 DESCRIPTION OF TERMS
22 - APPENDIX G - NOTES AND ADVICE ON THE SAFE USE OF HAND-LAMPS
22 - G1 GENERAL
22 - G2 PRACTICAL ADVICE

Specifies requirements to assist personnel to establish procedures for conducting visual inspections on metal products and components, with specific reference to welded components, steel castings, and corroded metal surfaces. It includes requirements for the qualification, experience and visual acuity of inspectors.

This Standard is a specification for the establishment of procedures for personnel to conduct visual inspections on metal products and components, with specific reference to welded components, steel castings, and corroded metal surfaces. Procedures for conducting visual inspections under water may also be developed from this Standard. This Standard requires the use of reference standards in visual inspection procedures.This Standard specifies requirements for the qualification of inspectors, for the viewing and illumination of items being inspected, and makes recommendations for the use of approved visual aids to optimize recognition of surface features.NOTE: Advice and recommendations on information to be supplied by the purchaser at the time of inquiry or order are contained in Appendix A.

First published as AS 3978-1991.