AS 4139-2003

1 - AS 4139-2003 FIBRE-REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPES AND FITTINGS
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
6 - FOREWORD
7 - 1 SCOPE
7 - 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
8 - 3 DEFINITIONS
8 - 3.1 Joint deflection
8 - 3.2 Rigid pipe
8 - 3.3 Semi-rigid pipe
8 - 3.4 Nominal diameter
9 - 4 NOTATION
11 - 5 CLASSIFICATION
11 - 6 MATERIALS
11 - 6.1 Concrete materials
11 - 6.1.1 Cement
11 - 6.1.2 Supplementary cementitious materials
11 - 6.1.3 Aggregates
11 - 6.1.4 Water
12 - 6.1.5 Admixtures
12 - 6.1.6 Fillers
12 - 6.1.7 Restriction on chemical content
12 - 6.2 Reinforcement materials
12 - 6.3 Joint materials
12 - 7 FITTINGS
13 - 8 ELASTOMERIC SEAL JOINTS
13 - 9 DEFECTS
13 - 9.1 Cracks
13 - 9.2 Delamination
13 - 9.3 Dents and bulges
13 - 10 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES
13 - 10.1 Internal diameter
13 - 10.2 Wall thickness
13 - 10.3 Pipe length
14 - 10.4 Squareness of ends
14 - 10.5 Straightness
14 - 11 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
14 - 11.1 Strength requirement
15 - 11.2 Hydrostatic testing
15 - 11.3 Water absorption test
15 - 11.4 Flexural strength test
15 - 12 MARKING
16 - 13 HANDLING AND STORAGE
16 - 13.1 General
16 - 13.2 Lifting holes
16 - 13.3 Lifting elements
17 - APPENDIX A - PURCHASING RECOMMENDATIONS
17 - A1 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER
17 - A2 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE MANUFACTURER
18 - APPENDIX B - GUIDE TO CONCENTRATION LIMITS APPLICABLE TO SOME CONSTITUENTS OF THE BURIED ENVIRONMENT
18 - B1 SCOPE
18 - B2 CONSTITUENT LIMITS
18 - B3 REINFORCEMENT FIBRE
20 - APPENDIX C - DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR DETERMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LONG-TERM AND SHORT-TERM PERFORMANCE OF PIPE
20 - C1 SCOPE
20 - C2 CLASSIFICATION
20 - C3 METHODS OF ESTIMATING PERFORMANCE OF PIPE
21 - C4 CLASSIFICATION OF RIGID PIPE
21 - C5 CLASSIFICATION OF SEMI-RIGID PIPE
22 - APPENDIX D - CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFYING A COMPLYING SEMI-RIGID PIPE
22 - D1 SCOPE
22 - D2 PRINCIPLE
23 - D3 DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM SOIL PRISM LOAD PRESSURE
23 - D4 DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM LONG-TERM DEFLECTION
24 - D5 DETERMINATION OF DEFLECTION AT MAXIMUM LOAD IN RING BENDING
24 - D6 DETERMINATION OF INSTALLATION FLEXURAL STIFFNESS RATIO
24 - D7 DETERMINATION OF WHETHER THE PIPE IS SEMI-RIGID
25 - D8 CERTIFICATION OF SEMI-RIGID PIPE
25 - D8.1 General
25 - D8.2 Installation flexural stiffness ratio
25 - D8.3 Pipe deflection capability
26 - APPENDIX E - METHOD FOR CRUSH LOAD TESTING OF PIPES
26 - E1 SCOPE
26 - E2 PRINCIPLE
26 - E3 APPARATUS
26 - E3.1 Loading rig
26 - E3.2 Timber bearers
26 - E4 SPECIMEN PREPARATION
26 - E5 MEASUREMENT OF PIPE DIMENSIONS
28 - E6 SPECIMEN CONDITIONING
28 - E6.1 Dry conditioning
28 - E6.2 Wet conditioning
28 - E7 PROCEDURE
28 - E7.1 Positioning of test specimen (see Figure E2)
28 - E7.2 Application of load
28 - E8 CALCULATION OF TEST LOAD
28 - E9 TEST REPORT
30 - APPENDIX F - LONG-TERM STIFFNESS OF SATURATED PIPE
30 - F1 SCOPE
30 - F2 PRINCIPLE
30 - F3 APPARATUS
31 - F4 SPECIMEN SELECTION AND PREPARATION
31 - F5 MEASUREMENT OF PIPE DIMENSIONS
31 - F6 SPECIMEN CONDITIONING
31 - F7 INITIAL RELAXATION TEST LOAD DETERMINATION
31 - F7.1 General
32 - F7.2 Determination of maximum soil prism pressure to AS 3725
32 - F7.3 Determination of Initial Deflection to AS/NZS 2566.1
32 - F7.4 Determination of initial relaxation test load
33 - F8 SPECIMEN LOADING AND DATA COLLECTION
33 - F9 CALCULATION OF RESULTS
33 - F10 TEST FREQUENCY
33 - F11 TEST REPORT
35 - APPENDIX G - METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE DRY/WET STRENGTH FACTOR (C)
35 - G1 SCOPE
35 - G2 PRINCIPLE
35 - G3 PROCEDURE FOR DRY AND WET LOAD TESTING
35 - G4 CALCULATION OF DRY/WET STRENGTH FACTOR
35 - G5 TEST REPORT
36 - APPENDIX H - DETERMINATION OF REGRESSION FACTOR (R)
36 - H1 SCOPE
36 - H2 PRINCIPLE
36 - H3 APPARATUS
36 - H4 SELECTION OF TEST SAMPLES
36 - H5 PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMENS
36 - H6 PROCEDURES
36 - H6.1 18 failure points procedure
37 - H6.2 Screening evaluation procedure
37 - H7 TEST FREQUENCY
37 - H8 DETERMINATION OF TEST LOADS
37 - H8.1 18 Failure point procedure
37 - H8.2 Screening evaluation procedure
38 - H9 PROCEDURE FOR SUSTAINED LOAD TESTING
38 - H10 CALCULATION
38 - H10.1 General
38 - H10.2 Calculation of regression factor
39 - H11 SCREENING EVALUATION
39 - H12 TEST REPORT
41 - APPENDIX I - METHOD FOR FLEXURAL STRENGTH TEST
41 - I1 SCOPE
41 - I2 PRINCIPLE
41 - I3 APPARATUS
41 - I4 PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN
41 - I4.1 Test specimen size
41 - I4.2 Conditioning
41 - I5 TEST PROCEDURE
42 - I6 TEST REPORT
43 - APPENDIX J - MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OF PIPE
43 - J1 SCOPE
43 - J2 PRINCIPLE
43 - J3 APPARATUS
43 - J4 SAMPLE SELECTION AND PREPARATION
43 - J5 MEASUREMENT OF PIPE DIMENSIONS
44 - J6 SPECIMEN CONDITIONING
44 - J7 PROCEDURE
44 - J7.1 Positioning the test specimen and measuring device
44 - J7.2 Load application
44 - J7.3 Data collection
44 - J8 CALCULATION OF MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
45 - J9 CALCULATION OF STRESS AND STRAIN AT MAXIMUM LOAD
45 - J10 TEST REPORT
47 - APPENDIX K - METHOD FOR WATER ABSORPTION TEST
47 - K1 SCOPE
47 - K2 PRINCIPLE
47 - K3 APPARATUS
47 - K4 PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN
47 - K5 TEST PROCEDURE
48 - K6 CALCULATION
48 - K7 TEST REPORT
48 - K7.1 General
48 - K7.2 Records
49 - APPENDIX L - METHOD FOR HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST
49 - L1 SCOPE
49 - L2 PRINCIPLE
49 - L3 APPARATUS
49 - L3.1 Pressure equipment
49 - L3.2 Test ends
49 - L3.3 Pressure gauge
49 - L4 PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN
49 - L5 SELECTION OF TEST PRESSURE AND DURATION
50 - L6 TEST PROCEDURE
50 - L7 RECORDS
51 - APPENDIX M - TYPICAL JOINT CONFIGURATIONS
52 - APPENDIX N - MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD
52 - N1 SCOPE
52 - N2 RELEVANCE
52 - N3 DEFINITIONS
52 - N3.1 Acceptable quality level (AQL)
52 - N3.2 Average outgoing quality limit (AOQL)
52 - N3.3 Batch
52 - N3.4 Batch release test (BRT)
52 - N3.5 Inspection level
52 - N3.6 Material batch
52 - N3.7 New material formulation
53 - N3.8 Process verification test (PVT)
53 - N3.9 Sample
53 - N3.10 Sampling plan
53 - N3.11 Test specimen
53 - N3.12 Type test (TT)
53 - N4 MINIMUM SAMPLING AND TESTING FREQUENCY PLAN
53 - N4.1 General
53 - N4.2 Sampling Rates
53 - N4.3 Retesting
54 - N4.4 Rejection after test
54 - N4.5 AOQL to AQL equivalency
54 - N5 PRODUCT CERTIFICATION

This Standard specifies minimum requirements for pipes and fittings manufactured from fibre-reinforced concrete using standard curing, including autoclaving, for the conveyance of gravity water supply, and stormwater, waste water and sewage drainage.

This Standard specifies minimum requirements for pipes and fittings manufactured from fibre-reinforced concrete using standard curing, including autoclaving, for the conveyance of gravity water supply, and stormwater, waste water and sewage drainage. Four classes of pipes are covered by this Standard, distinguished on the basis of long-term design load: Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4. Other classes of pipe may be designed using the principles described in this Standard. This Standard addresses the effect of creep under load by either, regression analysis of pipe materials (see Appendix H), or long-term stiffness prediction. NOTES: 1 Fibre-reinforced concrete pipe is herein referred to as 'pipe'. 2 The load classes correspond with those of AS 4058. 3 This Standard does not cover the assessment of external service loads to which a pipe will be subjected to in a particular installation. Purchasers should, therefore, satisfy themselves that the class of pipe specified or selected on the basis of this Standard is suitable for its intended application. For buried pipes, reference to AS 3725 is required. 4 Guidance on the information to be supplied by the purchaser at the time of enquiry or order is given in Appendix A. 5 Appendix B provides concentration limits for commonly occurring soil/terrain constituents of the buried environment, but does not provide special requirements for pipes intended for use in environments aggressive to concrete. Where such applications are envisaged, the advice of the manufacturer should be sought.

Originated as AS 4139-1993.
Second edition 2003.