BS ISO/IEC 10744:1997

1 Scope
    1.1 Definition of scope
    1.2 Field of application
2 Normative references
3 Definitions
4 Symbols and Abbreviations
5 Notation
    5.1 RCS name, full name, description, and clause
    5.2 Lexical type
    5.3 Constraints
    5.4 Note
    5.5 Associated attribute forms and attribute lists
    5.6 Referrers
    5.7 Conventions for attribute form declarations
    5.8 Identification of optional facilities
6 Base module
    6.1 Concepts and definitions
    6.2 Hyperdocument management facilities
    6.3 HyTime support declarations
    6.4 HyTime document
    6.5 HyTime Bounded object set
    6.6 HyTime architectural bridging forms
    6.7 Common attributes
    6.8 Co-ordinate Specifications
7 Location address module
    7.1 Concepts and definitions
    7.2 Location source
    7.3 Implied location source
    7.4 Multiple location
    7.5 Tree type
    7.6 Span Location Address
    7.7 Reference control
    7.8 Reference location address
    7.9 Name-space locations
    7.10 Coordinate locations
    7.11 Querying
    7.12 Bibliographic location address
8 Hyperlinks module
    8.1 Concepts and definitions
    8.2 Hyperlink architectural forms
    8.3 Hyperlink-related location addresses
9 Scheduling module
    9.1 Scheduling concepts and definitions
    9.2 Measurement units
    9.3 Finite coordinate space
    9.4 Scheduling and extents
    9.5 Event schedule
    9.6 Objects
    9.7 Pulse maps
    9.8 Dimension referencing
    9.9 Calibrated real time axes
    9.10 Finite coordinate space location address
10 Rendition module
    10.1 Common rendition attributes
    10.2 Object Modification
    10.3 Projection
    10.4 Rendition rule
11 Conformance
    11.1 Conforming HyTime document
    11.2 Conforming HyTime application
    11.3 Conforming HyTime system
    11.4 Validating HyTime engine
    11.5 Documentation requirements
    11.6 HyTime system declaration
A SGML Extended Facilities
    A.1 Introduction
    A.2 Lexical Type Definition Requirements (LTDR)
    A.3 Architectural Form Definition Requirements (AFDR)
    A.4 Property Set Definition Requirements (PSDR)
    A.5 General Architecture
    A.6 Formal System Identifier Definition Requirements (FSIDR)
    A.7 SGML Property set
B HyTime Property Set
    B.1 Hyperdocuments and HyTime documents
    B.2 HyTime Property Set
C Architectural Meta-Declarations
    C.1 HyTime Lexical Types
    C.2 HyTime Meta-Declarations
    C.3 General Architecture Meta-Declarations
D Supplementary materials

Defines a language and underlying model for the representation of "hyper documents" that link and synchronize static and dynamic (time-based) information contained in multiple conventional and multi-media documents and information objects. The "Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language", or "HyTime", is the name given to the language. Coverage includes definitions, notation, base module, measurement module, location address module, hyperlinks module, scheduling module, rendition module and conformance. Also includes detailed annexes.

1.1 Definition of scope

This International Standard defines a language and underlying model for the representation of \'hyperdocuments\' that link and synchronize static and dynamic (time-based) information contained in multiple conventional and multimedia documents and information objects. The language is known as the \'Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language\', or \'HyTime\'.

HyTime can represent time in both the abstract, or \'musical\' sense, and in user-defined real-time units. It also provides a way of relating the two so that elements of time-dependent documents can be synchronized.

NOTE 7 This facility extends to the representation of multimedia information the power, once limited to conventional documents, to distinguish intrinsic information content from style considerations.

HyTime\'s techniques for representing its time model are equally applicable to spatial and other domains; all are treated as systems for measuring along different axes of a coordinate space. Arbitrary cross-references and access paths based on external interactions (\'hypermedia links\') are also supported.

HyTime\'s time representation contains sufficient information to derive the durations of both control (\'gestural\') data (e.g., control information for audio or video hardware) and visual data (e.g., a music score, presentation storyboard, or television script).

The media formats and data notations of objects in a HyTime hyperdocument can include formatted and unformatted documents, audio and video segments, still images, and object-oriented graphics, among others. Users can specify the positions and sizes of occurrences of objects in space and time, using a variety of measurement units and granularities. Temporal requirements of applications ranging from animation to project management can be supported by choosing appropriate measurement granules.

NOTE 8 This International Standard does not address the representation of audio or video content data, but simply defines the means by which the start-time and duration of such data can be synchronized with other digitized information. Nor does it specify the layout process by which occurrences of unformatted documents and other information objects can be made to fit the positions and sizes specified for them.

HyTime is an enabling standard, not an encompassing one. As a result, the objects comprising a HyTime hyperdocument are free to conform to any application architectures, or to document architectures imposed by standards, and to be represented in any notation permitted by those architectures. Only the \'hub document\', which may determine the hyperdocument membership, must conform to HyTime in addition to any other architectures to which it may conform.

HyTime is designed for flexibility and extensibility. Optional subsets can be implemented, alone or in conjunction with user-defined extensions.

The Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language (HyTime) is an SGML application conforming to International Standard ISO 8879 — Standard Generalized Markup Language.

The hyperdocument interchange format recommended in this International Standard is ISO 9069, the SGML Document Interchange Format (SDIF). SDIF is defined in Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (ISO/IEC 8824) and can be encoded according to the basic encoding rules of ISO/IEC 8825 for interchange using protocols conforming to the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. Other interchange formats can also be used.

1.2 Field of application

The field of application of HyTime is \'integrated open hypermedia\' (IOH), the \'bibliographic model\' of hyperlinking wherein an author can, by a suitable reference, link to anything, anywhere, at any time.

Because of HyTime\'s modular design and flexible conformance rules, implementations need support only those facilities that are within their present capabilities. User investment in hyperdocument preparation is nevertheless encouraged because of the well-defined upward-compatible path to a full hypermedia solution.

HyTime is intended for use as the infrastructure of platform-independent information interchange for hypermedia and synchronized and non-synchronized multimedia applications. Application developers will use HyTime constructs to design their information structures and objects, and the HyTime language to represent them for interchange.

NOTE 9 The HyTime language is not intended for encoding the internal representation of information on which application programs act while executing.

Applications can use HyTime to represent hyperdocuments containing information that is at any stage of rendition, from \'revisable\' to \'optimized for interactive access\'. An application can also choose to convert a rendition of a HyTime hyperdocument into an optimized form for transmission or interactive presentation.

NOTE 10 Whether the HyTime representation of a hyperdocument can be used in a local file system for direct access by programs will depend on the type of information in the hyperdocument, the speed of the platform, and the functions performed by the applications that access the hyperdocument.